THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

PRESENTED  BY 

PROF.  CHARLES  A.  KOFOID  AND 
MRS.  PRUDENCE  W.  KOFOID 


INDEX  MAP  OF 


SHOWING  AREAS  COVERED  BVTHE 

SECTIONAL  DIAGRAMS 


By    LOUIS    HARMAN    PEET 


new* 


AMERICAN        PRINTING       HOUSE 
318    and   320    East    Twenty-third   Street,   New   York 


Copyright,  1902,  by 
Louis  Harman  Peet 


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PREFACE. 

THIS  book  has  been  prepared  to  aid  the  city  nature 
lovers  who  frequent  our  beautiful  Park  in  identifying 
its  trees  and  shrubs  by  diagrams  of  location  and  text 
description.  Its  need  grew  out  of  actual  experience 
and  it  is  hoped  that  its  service  will  be  direct  and  prac- 
tical. 

How  many  there  are  who  come  to  our  Park  to  whom 
the  trees  are  simply  trees  and  the  shrubs,  bushes.  The 
individuality  of  the  oak,  the  hornbeam,  or  the  maple 
is  lost  to  them  in  the  general  mass.  Many  of  these 
would  gladly  learn  had  they  the  time  or  opportunity 
and  to  meet  the  needs  of  such  and  also  to  supplement 
mere  identification  with  descriptions  of  characteristics 
of  form,  foliage,  flower  and  fruit,  has  been  the  gov- 
erning purpose  in  the  general  plan  of  preparing  this 
book.  Its  method  is  self-evident  and  the  park  rambler, 
following  the  paths,  soon  gets  to  recognize  the  various 
types  of  trees  and  shrubs.  These  grow  more  and 
more  distinctive  and  individual  as  their  observed  char- 
acteristics become  more  familiar  to  him  and  he  finds 
out  that  when  these  have  been  once  learned  thorough- 
ly, not  only  has  he  learned  them  for  Prospect  Park, 
but  for  Central  Park,  and,  in  short,  for  the  parks  of 
most  cities  of  climatic  conditions  similar  to  ours. 

Of  course,  in  using  this  book,  it  must  be  borne  in 
mind  that  it  would  be  utterly  impossible  to  locate 


k  k  I 

Till 


every  tree  and  shrub  passed  along  the  Walks,  on  the" 
sectional  diagrams.  Only  those  mentioned  in  the 
descriptive  text  are  plotted  and  in  using  the  diagrams 
to  locate  these  care  in  judging  distances  should  be 
exercised.  To  attempt  to  plot,  on  diagrams  of  the 
scales  used  in  this  book,  every  tree  or  shrub  along 
the  pathside  would  result  in  a  mass  of  black  spots 
from  which  it  would  be  impossible  to  distinguish  any- 
thing. It  was  therefore  thought  best  to  locate  some 
of  the  representative  types  clearly  and  distinctly 
rather  than  to  attempt  to  locate  all  from  which  none 
could  be  definitely  found.  Try  to  find  shrubs  or  trees 
on  the  diagrams  at  easily  distinguishable  points  and 
work  from  these  to  others,  verifying,  as  you  go  along, 
by  the  descriptive  text.  If  you  find  you  have  not 
judged  the  distances  rightly,  the  descriptive  text 
should  act  as  a  check  upon  you  to  set  you  right. 

To  further  assist  the  user  of  this  hand-book  in  the 
identification  of  the  representative  dots  upon  the  dia- 
grams various  landmarks,  such  as  lamp-posts,  statues, 
tablets,  arches,  rustic  shelters  have  been  extensively 
marked  and  these  will  serve  to  rectify  wrong  or  to 
reassure  correct  judgments  of  distancing. 

So  let  the  lover  of  nature,  who  walks  here  in  his 
leisure  hours  take  up  the  study  of  these  beautiful  trees 
and  shrubs  with  the  determined  purpose  of  knowing 
them.  In  the  knowing  of  them  this  book  can  be  but  a 
suggestive  aid.  If  you  would  get  the  most  from  it, 
follow  up  its  hints  in  your  botanical  text  and  refer- 
ence books.  Indeed  this  is  the  proper  way  to  use 
.the  book.  It  is  intended  to  show  you  a  little  and  then 


IX 

you  yourself  must  do  more  by  following  up  the  hint, 
enlarging  your  knowledge  by  wider  studies  of  the 
details  of  bud,  flower,  leaf,  bark  and  general  character- 
istics of  habits  of  growth. 

For  this  further  study  of  details,  the  author  strongly 
recommends  the  use  of  such  excellent  text-books  as 
Gray's  Field,  Forest  and  Garden  Botany,  revised  by 
L.  H.  Bailey,  Keeler's  Our  Native  Trees  (which  is 
equipped  with  excellent  photographs),  Apgar's  Trees 
of  the  Northern  United  States,  Dame  and  Brooks's 
Hand-book  of  the  Trees  of  New  England.  Any  of 
these  makes  a  good  field  book  to  take  with  you  on 
your  rambles.  If  you  wish  to  go  further,  the  follow- 
ing larger  works  will  be  found  of  great  practical 
value:  London's  Cyclopedia  of  Trees,  Bailey's  Cyclo- 
pedia of  Horticulture,  Sargent's  Silva  of  North  Ameri- 
ca, Britton  and  Brown's  Flora  of  the  Northeastern 
United  States,  Emerson's  Report  on  the  Trees  and 
Shrubs  of  Massachusetts.  These  can  be  consulted  in 
any  good  sized  library. 

In  the  preparation  and  completion  of  this  book  the 
author  wishes  to  express  his  thanks  for  many  cour- 
tesies extended  by  Commissioner  Richard  Young  of 
the  Park  Department  and  for  much  practical  aid 
and  valuable  suggestions  most  cordially  given  by  Mr. 
John  Whalley,  Arboriculturist  of  Prospect  Park  and 
Mr.  Edward  Kasold,  Foreman  Tree  Planter  of  Pros- 
pect Park. 

The  author's  acknowledgments  for  valuable  inform- 
ation regarding  many  of  the  rare  varieties  are  also 
hereby  expressed  to  Dr.  C.  S.  Sargent  of  the  Arnold 


Arboretum,  Dr.  Charles  H.  Peck,  State  Botanist  of 
New  York,  to  Messrs.  Ellwanger  and  Barry  of  the 
Mount  Hope  Nurseries,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  to  Mr.  S.  B. 
Parsons  and  Mr.  Theodore  Lawlor  of  the  Parsons 
Nurseries,  Flushing,  N.  Y.,  and  to  his  friend  and  fel- 
low park  rambler,  Dr.  L.  Frazee,  of  this  city,  whose 
ripe  knowledge,  generous  sympathy  and  cordial  inter- 
est in  the  preparation  of  this  book  has  helped  very 
materially  in  its  completion. 

The  author  wishes  also  to  express  his  appreciation 
of  the  skillful  work  done  on  his  sectional  diagrams 
by  Mr.  Edward  Yorke  Farquhar  of  Flatbush. 

LOUIS  HARMAN  PEET. 

755  Ocean  Avenue, 

Flatbush,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER  PAGE 

I.  Plaza  Entrance  to  Battle  Pass 7 

II.  Battle  Pass  to  Flower  Garden 26 

III.  Flower  Garden 43 

IV.  Willink  Entrance  to  Irving  Statue 57 

V.  Irving  Statue  to  Ocean  Avenue  Entrance 72 

VI.      Lincoln  Statue  to  First  Summer  House 90 

VII.      First  Summer  House  to  Second  Summer  House, 

L^rge  Lake 103 

VIII.      Second  to  Fourth  Summer  House,  Large  Lake. .  119 

IX.      Fourth  Summer  House  to  Breeze  Hill 133 

X.      Around  Lullwater  161 

XI.      Music  Stand  to  Long  Meadow 188 

XII.      Long  Meadow  to  Plaza  Entrance 206 

Index   221 

LIST  OF   SECTIONAL  DIAGRAMS. 

General  Index  Map Frontispiece 

PAGE 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  I    2 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  2    22 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  3    38 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  4 54 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  5    * 68 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  6    86 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  7    100 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  8    1 16 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  9    128 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  10    156 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  1 1    184 

Sectional  Diagram  No.  12    202 


TREES  AND  SHRUBS 
OF  PROSPECT  PARK 


ENTRANCE 


BATTLE   PASS, 


Explanations,   Sectional  Diagram  No.    i 


COMMON  NAME 

1.  Weeping  English  oak. 

2.  Austrian  pine. 

3.  Swiss  stone  pine. 

4.  Japan  ground  cypress  or 

Japan  arbor  vitse. 
(Golden   plume-leaved) 

5.  Japan  ground  cypress  or 

Japan  arbor  vitse. 
(Plume-leaved). 

6.  Japan  ground  cypress  or 

Japan  arbor  vitse. 
(Variety  squarrosa). 

7.  Kcelreuteria. 

8   Bumald's  spiraea. 

9.  Eagle's  claw  maple. 

10.  Silver  maple. 

11.  Scotch  elm. 

12.  Paper  or  canoe  birch. 

13.  Nordmann's  silver  fir. 

14.  Oriental  spruce. 

15.  Cornelian   cherry. 

16.  Weeping  European 

beech. 

17.  Judas  tree  or  redbud. 

18.  Japan  quince. 

19.  Copper  beech. 

20.  English  hawthorn. 

21.  Bush  cranberry. 

22.  American  basswood. 

23.  European  flowering  ash. 

24.  Silver  bell  or  snowdrop 

tree. 

25.  English  field  maple. 

26.  European  linden. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Qucrcus  robur,  var.  pcndula. 

Pinus  Austriaca. 

Pinus  Cembra. 

Chamacy  paris     (or    Retinos- 

pora)  pisifcra,  var.  plumosa 

aurea. 
Chamcecyparis     (or    Retinos- 

pora)     pisifcra,    var.     plu- 
mosa. 
Chama>cyparis     (or    Retinos- 

pora)   pisifera,  var.  squar- 

rosa. 

Kcelreuteria  paniculata. 
Spircea  Japonica,   var.   Bum- 

alda. 
Acer    platanoides,    var.    laci- 

niatum. 

Acer  dasycarpum. 
Uhnus  montana. 
Bctula  papyrifera. 
Abies  N ordmanniana. 
Picea  Orientalis. 
Cornus  mascula. 
Fagus  sylvatica,  var.  pendula. 

Cercis  Canadensis. 
Cydonia  Japonica. 
Fagus  sylvatica,  var.  cuprca. 
Cratagus  oxyacantha. 
Viburnum  opulis. 
Tilia  Americana. 
Fraxinus  ornus. 
Halesia  tetraptera. 

Acer  campestre. 
Tilia  Europcea. 


COMMON  NAME 


BOTANICAL  NAME 


27.  European  silver  linden. 

28.  Smoke   tree. 

29.  Reeve's  or  lance-leaved 

spiraea. 

30.  Reeve's   double   flowered 

spiraea. 

31.  Mugho  pine. 

32.  Common    locust. 

33.  Cephalonian  silver  fir. 

34.  Japan  quince. 

35.  Hop  hornbeam  or  iron- 

wood. 

36.  Kentucky  coffee  tree. 

37.  Bhotan  pine. 

38.  Japan  pagoda  tree. 

39.  European  hornbeam. 

40.  Common  snowball  or 

guelder  rose. 

41.  Hemlock. 

42.  Golden  bell  or  Forsythia. 

43.  Sassafras. 

44.  Bridal  wreath  spiraea. 

45.  French    mulberry. 

46.  Dwarf  mountain  sumac. 

47.  Fragrant  honeysuckle. 

48.  European  holly. 

49.  Shady  hydrangea. 

50.  Yellow-wood. 

51.  Norway  maple. 

52.  European  hazel. 

53.  Staghorn   sumac. 

54.  American  hazel. 

55.  Arrowwood. 

56.  Common  elder. 

57.  Oriental   plane   tree. 

58.  White    mulberry. 

59.  Oriental  plane  tree. 

60.  Scotch  pine. 

61.  Common  horsechestnut. 

62.  Dwarf  or  Japan  catalpa. 

63.  Indian  bean  tree  or 

Southern  catalpa. 

64.  Weeping   willow. 


Tilia  Europaa,  var.  argentea. 
Rhus  cotinus. 
Spiraea  Rcevesiana. 

Spircca  Recvcsiana,  var.  flare 

pleno. 

Pinus  montana  var.  Mughus. 
Robinia  pscudacacia. 
Abies  Ccphalonica. 
Cy do nia  Japonica. 
Ostrya   Virginica. 

Gymnocladus  Canadensis. 
Pinus  excelsa. 
Sophora  Japonica. 
Carpinus  betulus. 
Viburnum  opulis,  var.  sicrilis, 

Tsuga  Canadensis. 
Forsythia  viridissima. 
Sassafras  officinale. 
Spir&a  prunifolia. 
Callicarpa   Americana. 
Rhus  copallina. 
Lonicera  fragrantissima. 
Ilex  aquifolium. 
Hydrangea  arboresccns. 
Cladrastis  tinctoria. 
Acer  platanoides. 
Corylus  avcllana. 
Rhus  typhina. 
Corylus  Americana. 
Viburnum  dcntatum. 
Sambucus  Canadensis. 
Platanus  Orientalis. 
Mortis  alba. 
Platanus  Orientalis. 
Pinus  sylvestris. 
^sculus  hippocastanum. 
Catalpa   Bungei. 
Catalpa  bignonioides. 

Sali.v  Babylonica. 


COMMON  NAME 


BOTANICAL  NAME 


65.  English  oak. 

66.  Large-racemed  dwarf 

horsechestnut. 

67.  Slender  Deutzia. 

68.  Purple   barberry. 

69.  Flowering  dogwood. 

70.  Fern-leaved  beech. 

71.  Five*  leaved  akebia. 

72.  Cockspur    thorn    variety 

pyracanthafolia. 

73.  Lovely  azalea. 

74.  Mock    orange    or    sweet 

syringa. 

75.  Weeping    Japan    pagoda 

tree. 

76.  Weeping  Norway  spruce. 

77.  Andromeda.         (axillary 

flowers). 

78.  Hercules's    club,    Devil's 

walking    stick,   or   An- 
gelica tree. 

79.  Buttonbush. 

80.  Soulange's   magnolia. 

81.  Fortune's     dwarf     white 

spiraea. 

82.  English  cork-bark  elm. 

83.  Umbrella  tree. 

84.  Tartarian  honeysuckle. 

85.  Hercules's    club,    Devil's 

walking    stick,    or   An- 
gelica tree. 

86.  Purple-leaved  elm. 

87.  Clump  of  Austrian  pines, 

Scotch  pines,  hemlocks 
and  Swiss  stone  pine. 

88.  Tulip  tree. 

89.  Corsican  pine. 

90.  Weigela. 

91.  Black  walnut. 


Quercus  robur. 
Pavia  macrostachya. 

Deutzia  gracilis. 

Berberis  vulgaris,  var.  pur- 
pure  a. 

Cornus  Honda. 

Fagus  sylvatica,  var.  heter- 
ophylla. 

Azalea  amenta. 

Cratcegus  crus-galli,  var. 
pyracan  thafolia. 

Azalea  amccna. 

PJiiladelphus   coronarius. 

Sophora    Japonica,    var.  pen- 

dula. 

Pccia  cxcclsa,  var.  inverta. 
Andromeda  axillaris. 

Aralia  spinosa. 


Cephalanthus  occidentalis. 
Magnolia  Soulangeana. 
Spiraea  callosa,  var.  alba. 

Ulmus  campestris,  var.  sube- 

rosa. 

Magnolia  umbrella. 
Lonicera  Tartarica. 
Aralia  spinosa. 


Ulmus  campestris,  var.  stricta 
purpurea. 


Liriodendron  tulipifera. 
Finns  Austriaca,  var.  laricie. 
Dicn.  ilia  rosca. 
Juglans  nigra. 


COMMON  NAME 


BOTANICAL  NAME 


92.  American  white  ash. 

93.  Ash-leaved  maple  or  box 

elder. 

94.  Californian  privet. 

95.  Scarlet  fruited  thorn. 

96.  Sweet  gum. 

97.  American  buttonwood. 

98.  Cornelian  cherry. 

99.  Sugar  maple. 

100.  Spanish  chestnut. 

101.  Scarlet  oak. 

102.  European  beech. 

103.  River  or  red  birch. 

104.  Weeping   European   ash. 

105.  Hall's  Japan   magnolia. 

106.  Sweet     bay     or     swamp 

magnolia. 

107.  Spicebush. 

108.  Willow-leaved  European 

ash. 

109.  Turkey  oak. 

no.  Single-leaved     European 

ash. 
in.  Willow  oak. 

112.  Oleaster. 

113.  European  or  tree  alder. 

114.  Sessile-leaved    Weigela. 

115.  American  beech. 

1 1 6.  Red  oak. 

117.  Bur   oak   or   mossy    cup 

oak. 

118.  Smooth  winterberry. 

119.  Thunberg's  or  winged 

spindle  tree. 

120.  European    mountain-ash. 

121.  American  holly. 

122.  English  walnut,  or  Ma- 

deira nut. 


Fraxinus  Americana. 
Negundo  aceroides. 

Ligustrum  ovalifolium. 

Cratcegus  coccinca. 

Liquidambar  styraciilua. 

Platanus  occidentalism 

Cornus  mascula. 

Acer  sac  char  inum. 

Castanea  sativa. 

Quercus  coccinea. 

Fagus  sylvatica. 

Betula  nigra. 

Fraxinus  excelsior,  var.  nwn- 
ophylla. 

Magnolia  stellata  (or  Hal- 
liana}. 

Magnolia  glauca. 

Benzoin  benzoin. 

Fraxinus   excelsior,   var.   sal- 

ici  folia. 

Quercus  cerris. 
Fraxinus  excelsior,  var.  won 

ophylla. 

Quercus  phellos. 
Elczagnus  angustifolia. 
Alnus  glutinosa. 
Diervilla  sessili folia. 
Fagus  ferruginea. 

euercus  rubra. 
uercus  macrocarpa. 

Ilex  Icevigata. 

Euonymus  Thunbergianus,  or 

Euonymus  alatus. 
Pyrus  aucuparia. 
Ilex  opaca. 
Juglans  regia. 


TREES  AND  SHRUBS 

OF  PROSPECT  PARK 


i. 

PLAZA  ENTRANCE  TO  BATTLE  PASS. 

"I  wonder  what  that  is !" 

This  is  the  exclamation  one  hears  so  often,  while 
strolling  through  the  Park,  from  the  casual  rambler, 
suddenly  arrested  by  the  beauty  of  some  shrub  or 
tree.  There  are  many  people  frequenting  the  Park 
who  take  more  than  a  passing  interest  in  the  wealth 
of  beautiful  things  gathered  there  for  their  delight  and 
it  is  to  these  people  that  these  articles  are  especially 
addressed. 

If  you  enter  at  the  Plaza,  taking  the  Walk  east  or 
at  the  left  of  the  Drive,  almost  the  first  thing  to  greet 
you  is  the  remarkable  weeping  English"  oak  (Quercus 
robur,  var.  pendula).  It  stands  on  the  right  of  the 
Walk,  about  midway  from  the  entrance  to  the  first  fork 
of  the  Walk.  Its  leaves  are  on  very  sliort  stalks  and 
deeply  cut  in.  For  oak  leaves  they  are  small.  Well- 
grown  Austrian  pines  (Pi-mis  Austriaca)  stand  about 
here,  quite  conspicuously ;  one,  just  at  the  bend  of  the 
fork.  They  are  fine,  hardy  trees  and  glorious  sights 
when  the  ice  storms  coat  them  with  crystal.  They 


8 


may  be  known  easily  by  their  chunky,  sturdy  appear- 
ance and  tufting  habit  of  bunching  their  leaves.  As 
you  entered  you  passed  on  the  left  Swiss  stone  pine, 
near  the  corner  of  the  stone  wall  and  beside  it  Rct- 
inospora pisifcra,  var.  plumosa  aurca  (golden  plume- 
leaved).  Nearer  the  Walk  there  is  a  variety  of  this 
plume-leaved  Rctinospora  which  is  not  golden,  and 
beside  it,  close  by  the  Walk  and  about  opposite  the 
Turkey  oak  is  a  fine  Rctinospora  squarrosa  which  you 
can  know  by  its  bluish  silvery-green  foliage.  It  is 
called  squarrosa  because  its  leaves  set  out  squarely 
from  the  branch.  Just  a  little  beyond,  the  Walk  di- 
vides, one  fork  (the  left)  running  close  to  the  ridge 
that  hides  the  screaming  trolley-cars  as  they  plunge 
down  the  hill  to  Flatbush,  and  the  other  fork  following 
along  by  the  Drive  until  it  meets  the  Long  Meadow 
from  under  Endale  Arch. 

If  you  take  the  fork  by  the  ridge,  the  left-hand  one, 
you  will  pass  Austrian  pine,  on  the  point  made  by  the 
fork  of  the  Walk,  Eagle's  claw  maple  (Acer  plata- 
noidcs,  -car.  laciniatum),  a  cut  leaved  variety  of  the 
Norway  maple,  and  called  "Eagle's  claw''  from  the 
resemblance  of  its  drooping  leaves  to  the  talons  of 
that  bird.  On  the  left  you  have  passed  Kcclrcutcria 
and  Scotch  elm  (Uluins  inontana)  about  opposite  the 
Eagle's  claw  maple.  Continuing,  you  pass,  on  the 
right,  a  beautiful  white  birch  (paper  or  canoe  birch)  ; 
two  or  three  little  Nordmann  silver  firs,  two  very  well 
formed  Oriental  spruces,  Cornelian  cherry,  hemlock, 
Judas  trees  and  Japan  quince. 

On  the  left  of  the  Walk  YOU  will  find  a  handsome 


weeping1  beech  (about  opposite  the  two  Oriental 
spruces)  and  not  far  from  the  weeping  beech,  clumps 
of  the  large  racemed  dwarf  horse-chestnut  (Pavia 
uiacrostachya)  or  long  racemed  buckeye,  so  handsome 
when  in  bloom  in  July.  It  is  then  covered  with  tall 
spires  of  white  bloom. 

Near  this  spot  the  Walk  sends  off  a  short  arm  to  the 
right,  to  Endale  Arch.  We  do  not  turn  off  but  keep 
along  the  path  we  are  on,  which  climbs  by  a  gentle 
rise  toward  the  Arbor  at  Vale  Cashmere. 

Continuing  then,  from  the  two  handsome  copper 
beeches  which  stand  side  by  side  on  the  south- 
erly side  of  the  offshoot  to  Endale  Arch,  you  pass, 
on  the  right  beautiful  young  English  hawthorns 
(Cratccgus  oxyacantha) ,  which  you  can  know  by  their 
small  cut-lobed  leaves  wedge-shaped  at  the  base  and 
by  their  thorns ;  clumps  of  Viburnum  opulis  or  bush 
cranberry ;  American  basswood  with  large  heart-shaped 
leaves,  Bumald's  spiraea,  which  bears  rose-colored 
flowers  in  midsummer  and  graceful  silver  bell  or 
snow-drop  trees  (Halesia  tetraptera).  You  can  tell 
these  last  by  the  streaking  lines  through  their  bark. 
These  trees  are  very  beautiful  in  the  spring  when  they 
are  hung  full  of  white  bell  shaped  flowers  (whence 
their  name)  just  as  the  leaves  appear.  So  pure,  so 
fairy-like  they  seem,  you  can  easily  set  them  tinkling 
with  a  music  never  heard  on  sea  or  land — the  flower 
herald-music  of  the  spring !  Further  along  are  Euro- 
pean flowering  ash,  English  field  maple  (Acer  cam- 
pe sire),  European  linden,  smoke  tree  (Rhus  cotinus), 
Cephalonian  silver  firs  (two  of  them  very  near  to- 


10 


gether,  with  symmetrical  conical  tops),  Kentucky  cof- 
fee tree,  Bhotan  pine  (noticeable  by  reason  of  its  four 
trunks  grown  together  at  the  base),  Sophora  Japonica 
(Japan  pagoda  tree),  called  so  from  the  Arabian 
Sophcra,  a  tree  with  pea-shaped  flowers,  and,  further 
on,  hemlock.  On  the  left  you  have  passed  Scotch 
pines  (Pinus  sylvestris),  European  silver  lindens  (Tilia 
Enropcea,  var.  argentea),  about  opposite  the  smoke 
tree,  Nordmann's  silver  fir,  dwarf  or  Mugho  pine 
(Pinus  montana,  var.  Mughus),  barberry,  a  good  hop 
hornbeam  or  iron  wood  (Ostrya  Virginica),  opposite 
the  Cephalonian  silver  firs,  and  very  near  the  point 
where  the  Walk  forks  at  the  left,  to  go  down  to  Rose 
Garden,  a  Japan  snowball  and  a  fine  Japan  quince. 

Just  before  you  get  to  the  Arbor  look  out,  on  your 
left,  for  a  shrub  which  perhaps  you  may  have  already 
noticed,  late  in  the  autumn,  hung  full  of  small  deli- 
cate berries,  of  a  beautiful  violet  shade,  strung  all 
along  its  slender  branches.  This  is  the  French  mul- 
berry (Callicarpa  Americana),  called  so  from  Greek 
words  meaning  beauty  and  fruit.  You  will  find  it  on 
the  left  as  you  approach  the  Arbor  just  beyond  the 
fork  of  the  Walk  to  the  Rose  Garden,  and  beside  a 
clump  of  bridal  wreath  spiraea  (Spircca  prunifolia). 
The  bridal  wreath  spiraea  is  well  worth  seeing  in  May 
when  it  hangs  all  along  its  slender  branches  pure  white, 
flowers  in  little  umbels.  It  is  very  beautiful  then  and 
well  deserves  its  name. 

If  you  do  not  care  to  go  through  the  Arbor,  take 
the  turn  of  the  path  which  leads  off  to  the  left  just 
before  you  come  to  the  Arbor  and  slips  by  a  gentle 


II 


decline  to  the  Rose  Garden.  This  little  side  path  has 
treasures,  too :  especially  the  glorious  clump  of  dwarf 
mountain  sumac  or  shining  sumac  (Rhus  copallina) 
which  is  a  blaze  of  rich  scarlet  in  the  fall.  The  dis- 
tinguishing feature  of  this  shrub  is  its  leaf  stem,  which 
is  winged  between  the  leaflets.  On  the  right  of  the 
path  are  splendid  bushes  of  the  early  fly  honeysuckle 
(Loniccra  fragrantissiina).  This  honeysuckle  is  half 
evergreen  in  our  vicinity  and  is  easily  recognized  by 
the  little  cusp  or  point  that  tips  its  thick  ovate  leaves. 
As  the  path  reaches  the  Rose  Garden  it  branches  off 
with  a  fork  to  the  left,  which  in  summer  runs  along 
a  delightfully  shaded  path,  parallel  with  Flatbush 
Avenue  for  some  little  distance.  Dense  growths  of 
bushes  almost  make  it  a  country  wayside.  If  you  walk 
here  in  early  summer  you  will  find  clumps  of  trailing 
bittersweet  or  nightshade  (Solatium  dulcamara)  with 
beautiful  violet  flowers  which  later,  develop  into  shin- 
ing ruby  berries  that  hang  all  over  the  plant.  Let  these 
berries  alone.  You  can  look  at  them,  but  don't  touch 
them :  that  is  the  safest  way.  Overhead  the  beautiful 
Bhotan  pines  hang  their  silvery  tassel-like  bunches  of 
needles  all  trembling  and  shimmering  with  every 
breeze.  Fine  Norway  maples  throw  grateful  shades. 
Further  along,  on  the  left,  are  goodly  growths  of  hazel 
and  great  masses  of  stag-horn  sumac  (Rhus  typhina).. 
On  the  right  dense  masses  of  Viburnum  dentatuni  or 
arrow-wood,  and  nine-bark  Physocarpus  (or  Spiraa) 
Opuli folia.  The  leaf  of  the  arrow-wood  is  very  beauti- 
ful in  the  regularity  of  its  notching.  A  glance  at  the 
ragged  tattered  stems  of  the  nine-bark  tells  that  it 


12 


lives  up  to  its  name  and  you  think  you  could  peel  off 
more  than  nine  layers  of  its  bark  without  half  trying. 
Great  masses  of  elder  (Sambucus)  are  here  also  and 
when  they  are  in  bloom  (June  or  July)  they  seem  to 
fill  the  path  with  drifts  of  snow.  When  you  have 
followed  this  Walk  to  a  point  about  opposite  the  ex- 
treme southerly  end  of  the  Rose  Garden,  it  throws 
off  a  branch  at  right  angles.  This  branch  leads  over 
toward  Vale  Cashmere,  a  lovely  spot,  in  whose  bosom 
a  little  dreaming  pool  lies  half  asleep,  trembling  to 
the  soft  music  of  a  fountain  that  seems  to  never  tire 
of  playing  with  rainbows  in  the  sunshine.  We  shall 
not  take  this  yet,  but  will  continue  along  the  path  we 
are  on,  keeping  parallel  with  Flatbush  Avenue.  We 
come  out  now  into  an  open  space  with  a  fine  stretch 
of  grass  waving  gently  up  to  the  brow  of  a  rise.  This 
rise  is  crowned  with  a  picturesque  and  historic  old 
weeping  willow  which  flung  its  whispering  leaves  to  the 
drum-beat  of  the  Revolution,  and  near  it  stand  a  cluster 
of  Indian  bean  trees  (Catalpa  bignonioides),  which  are 
fine  sights  in  the  last  days  of  June  or  the  early  days  of 
July  when  they  set  all  their  white  horns  (spotted  with 
yellow  and  purple)  and  blow  forth  their  silent  beauty. 
The  far  right-hand  crest  of  this  slope  is  set  with  fine 
clumps  of  Austrian  and  Scotch  pine.  While  you  are 
looking  at  these,  notice  also  the  two  splendid  horse- 
chestnut  trees  (a  little  lower  on  the  slope)  that  tower 
side  by  side,  like  twins  in  their  similarity.  They  are 
beautifully  formed  trees,  absolutely  perfect  specimens 
of  their  kind,  both  in  leafage  and  symmetry  of  form. 
If  now,  you  continue  straight  on  south  along  the 


13 

Walk,  you  will  pass,  on  the  left,  Mugho  pine,  single- 
leaved  European  ash,  European  flowering  ash,  willow- 
leaved  European  ash,  white  mulberry,  Scotch  pine 
and  several  European  flowering  ashes  again.  Just  be- 
yond these  the  path  forks  again,  the  left  branch  slip- 
ping off  down  a  delightful  series  of  steps,  leading 
under  whispering  hornbeams  and  rustling  oaks  and 
maples,  while  the  right  branch  swings  gently  around 
toward  the  vicinity  of  Battle  Pass.  Almost  opposite 
the  fork  of  the  Walks  stands  a  good  type  of  the  Tur- 
key oak.  We  will  take  the  right-hand  fork.  Along 
it  you  will  be  delighted  in  autumn  by  the  tall  heads  of 
the  iron  weed  (Vernonia  novaboracensis)  that  reach 
out  to  you  in  cool  purple  from  the  grassy  bankside 
at  your  right.  Sturdy  English  oaks  (Qncrcus  robur) 
line  the  path  on  the  left,  easily  known  by  their  leaves 
which  are  on  very  short  stems  and  have  a  wavy-lobed 
cut.  They  are  somewhat  like  the  leaf  of  our  white 
oak,  but  are  loosely  eared  at  the  base  and  thicker. 
Their  acorns  have  beautiful  nuts,  long,  polished,  cigar- 
like  at  point,  and  set  in  small  clean-cut  saucer-like  caps. 
Down  the  slope  a  little,  forming  the  point  of  a  tri- 
angle with  the  Turkey  oak  and  an  English  oak,  stands 
a  handsome  red  oak. 

Let  us  now  go  back  to  the  Arbor  that  looks  down 
into  Vale  Cashmere  and  start  again  from  that  particu- 
lar point,  taking  the  path  which  leaves  it  from  the 
west.  This  Arbor  is  a  beautiful  place  at  all  times. 
It  is  hard  to  say  when  you  like  it  best,  be  it  May  or 
June  when  the  Wistaria,  the  laurel,  the  azaleas  and 
the  rhododendrons  are  in  their  glory  or  later,  in  July 


or  August,  when  the  trumpet  creeper  (Tecoma  or 
Bignonia  radicans)  pushes  out  its  long  scarlet  horns 
and  calls  the  humming  birds. 

As  you  leave  the  Arbor,  the  path  bends  to  the  left 
and  runs  beside  East  Drive  southward.  To  your  left 
are  azaleas,  Deuzla  gracilis,  purple  leaved  barberries, 
Japan  quince,  bridal  wreath  spiraeas,  dogwood  and, 
climbing  high  in  air  at  the  point  where  a  branch  path 
leads  down  to  the  Pool,  a  fine  Akebia  quinata,  with 
clover-like  leaves  (notched  at  the  top)  and  plum- 
colored  flowers  in  the  spring.  On  your  right  you  have 
passed  copper  beeches  (near  the  drive-crossing),  fern- 
leaved  beech,  diagonally  opposite  the  young  dogwoods 
on  the  other  side  of  the  path,  fragrant  honeysuckle 
with  its  cusp  tipped  leaves,  silver  bell  (Halesia  tctra- 
ptera)  calle'd  so  from  its  seed,  which  is  four  (tetra) 
winged  (ptera). 

Take  now  the  little  branch  path  at  the  left,  down  a 
series  of  steps  to  the  Pool  at  the  bottom  of  Vale  Cash- 
mere, passing  on  your  right  a  weeping  European  ash. 
If  it  is  syringa  (more  properly  Philadelphus)  time, 
the  way  is  through  a  veritable  snowdrift  of  blossoms. 
Philadelphus  coronarius  is  here,  and  Philadelphus 
grandiflorus  with  large  ovate  leaves,  pointed  and 
toothed,  smooth  and  quite  downy  and  sweeping  re- 
curving branches  which  at  once  mark  it  from  the 
coronarius. 

At  the  bottom  of  the  series  of  steps  is  the  cozy  Pool. 
If  it  is  early  spring  the  Azalea  amccua,  truly  called  the 
''lovely,"  spreads  a  mass  of  crimson  on  the  point  of 
land  over  there  back  of  the  fountain.  Here,  close  to 


the  Walk  (the  westerly,  beside  the  Pool)  is  a  cockspur 
thorn  of  the  variety  pyracanthafolia,  and  if  you  fol- 
low this  Walk  around  the  margin  of  the  Pool  you  will 
pass  Aralia  spinosa,  Andromeda  axillaris  with  blos- 
soms, on  curving  stems,  like  rows  of  little  lilies  of  the 
valley,  Oriental  spruce,  magnificent  rhododendrons, 
weeping  Norway  spruce,  Forsythia  viridissiina,  button 
bush  (Cephalanthns  occidentalis)  and  sweet  pepper- 
bush  (Clcthra  aini folia),  near  the  stone  posts  at  the 
southern  end  of  the  Pool,  Spircca  callosa,  var.  alba  and 
Indian  currant  or  coral  berry  (Symphoricarpos  i'iil- 
garls).  On  the  little  peninsula,  almost  in  the  center 
of  the  Pool,  stands  a  curious  tree  which  you  can  easily 
pick  out  by  its  umbrella-like  form.  It  is  a  weeping 
variety  of  the  Japan  pagoda  tree  or  Sophora  Japonica. 
The  Sophora  gets  its  name  from  its  pea-like  flowers 
and  fruit.  Around  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  Pool  you 
will  find  the  smooth  winterberry  (Ilex  Icevigata),  the 
sweet  bay  or  swamp  magnolia  (Magnolia  glauca) ,  and 
hidden  a  little  back  from  the  Walk,  near  a  fork  of 
the  path  to  Rose  Garden,  the  Euonymus  Thunbergl- 
amis  or  Enonymns  alatus,  remarkable  for  the  corky 
wings  on  its  branches. 

From  the  Pool,  going  south,  the  path  forks  into  two 
branches.  The  left  runs  past  magnificent  clumps  of 
Viburnum  plicatum,  Spiraa  Reevesiana,  Spircca  Van 
Honttei,  cork  barked  elms,  umbrella  trees,  with  leaves 
a  foot  long  and  over,  Tartarian  honeysuckle,  with 
bright  red  berries  in  summer,  Magnolia  Sonlangeana, 
covered  in  April  with  beautiful  white  flowers  flushed 
with  pink  (pink  on  the  outside,  white  on  the  inside). 


i6 


Just  beyond  the  Sonlangcana,  the  path  forks  again. 
The  left  branch  slips  around  by  clumps  of  Hercules's 
club  (Aralia  spinosa),  common  snowball  (Viburnum 
opulis,  var.  sterilis) ,  Weigela,  to  meet  the  Walk,  above 
spoken  of,  which  follows  parallel  with  Flatbush 
Avenue.  The  right  branch  glides  along  by  easy  turns 
to  meet  the  Battle  Pass  Walk.  This  bends  by  bushes  of 
sessile-leaved  Weigela,  oleaster,  well  grown  Austrian 
pines,  hemlocks,  under  boughs  of  cherry  birch  which 
hang  heavy  with  the  gold  lace  of  flowering  catkins  in 
the  spring.  This  path  bends  now  into  the  Walk 
which  runs  on  down  behind  the  rocky  ramparts  which 
an  historic  plate  commemorates  as  Battle  Pass.  If  you 
follow  it  from  this  point  you  will  wander  by  a  good 
sized  Corsican  pine  on  the  right  and  a  well  grown 
Kentucky  coffee  tree,  on  the  same  side,  a  little  beyond. 
About  opposite  the  Kentucky  coffee  tree  is  a  beautiful 
bush  of  the  bridal  wreath  spiraea  (Spircra  pruuifolia) 
and  almost  at  the  point  of  intersection  of  this  path 
with  the  Walk  by  the  English  oaks,  spoken  of  above, 
stands  an  historic  old  black  walnut  "Which,"  says  one 
of  the  Park  reports,  "Is  the  only  one  left  of  a  former 
group  which  occupied  the  high  ground  near  Valley 
Grove  Road."  'Close  by  is  the  historic  weeping  willow 
(Saliv  Babylonica)  above  spoken  of,  which  is  also  the 
only  one  remaining  of  a  former  group.  About  oppo- 
site the  black  walnut,  you  will  find  on  the  right  of  the 
Walk,  English  walnut,  distinguishable  by  its  com- 
pound leaves  of  from  five  to  nine  leaflets  which  are 
indistinctly  serrate. 

The  ledge  of  rock  which  bears  the  Battle  Pass  tablet 


is  crowned  with  a  goodly  company  of  conifers. 
Among  them  you  will  find  the  beautiful  Himalayan 
or  Bhotan  pine  with  its  soft  and  silvery  tassels  of 
leaves,  the  handsome  Cephalonian  silver  firs  with  their 
stiff  brush-like  branches,  the  common  white  pines 
( I'inus  strobns)  with  their  short  slender  needles  and 
the  Norway  sypruces  with  their  strong  incurved  leaves 
Come  here  when  the  wind  sounds  his  orchestral  music. 
Stand  in  this  little  grove  and  listen.  The  harp,  the 
violin,  the  'cello  are  all  ringing  with  the  melodies  of 
heaven.  Elder  grows  here  in  great  clumps,  making 
beautiful  sights  in  early  summer  with  their  cymes 
of  white  bloom.  Here,  too,  the  lovely  Hall's  Japan 
honeysuckle  creeps  and  climbs  and  sets  its  fragrant 
flowers  to  the  air,  white  changing  slowly  to  yellow. 
The  spot  is  a  veritable  little  wood  glen.  Its  floor  is 
covered  with  dry  brown  needles  which  have  fallen 
from  the  conifers  and  it  sends  up  whiffs  of  spicy,  pun- 
gent resin  that  carry  you  away,  as  by  magic,  to  deep 
dark  woods.  This  is  one  of  the  joys  of  Park  rambling. 
A  rock,  a  dell,  stumbled  into,  sets  wing  to  a  thousand 
woodland  memories  and  you  live  over  again  those 
days  which  if  you  are  a  city  worker,  are  so  rare  and  so 
lovely  to  you. 

Behind  the  evergreen-crowned  ledge  the  Walk  slips 
on  down  a  good  grade  toward  the  Willink  Entrance, 
passing  on  the  right  Koclr  enter  la,  Cephalonian  silver 
fir,  Bhotan  pine,  Forsythia  viridissima  with  its  golden 
stars  in  early  spring,  syringa  with  snow  in  June,  celan- 
dine, tall  sweet  gums  or  liquid  ambers,  leopard  coated 
button  woods,  spice  bush,  smoke  trees  rolling  out  their 


i8 


clouds  of  bloom  in  June  and  Cornelian  cherry  with 
its  pretty  clusters  of  dull  yellow  flowers  which  are 
almost  the  first  to  break  out  in  early  spring,  before  its 
leaves  are  out.  Over  on  the  border  of  the  Drive,  a 
little  northwest  of  the  sweet  gums  and  buttonwoods 
you  will  find  the  River  or  Red  Birch  with  gray-brown 
bark  touched  with  cinnamon  and  rhombic-ovate  leaves. 
On  the  left  you  passed  Koclreuteria  with  its  com- 
pound leaves  of  coarsely  toothed  leaflets ;  American 
white  ash,  tall  and  straight  with  lozenge-plated  bark 
and  compound  leaves,  pale  green  on  the  under 
sides ;  European  silver  linden,  of  sugar  loaf 
form  and  cordate  leaves,  white  on  the  under 
sides  and  dark  glossy  green  on  the  upper  sides;  wil- 
low leaved  European  ash ;  ash-leaved  maple  easily  dis- 
tinguished by  its  pinnate  leaves  of  from  three  to  five 
leaflets,  usually  three  and  rarely  seven ;  then  two  silver 
bell  trees,  known  easily  by  their  peculiarly  marked 
bark,  then  a  couple  of  spice-bushes ;  Californian  privet, 
with  glossy  dark,  green  oval  leaves ;  and  very  near 
the  point  made  by  a  junction  of  the  path  coming  in 
from  the  left  here,  are  a  couple  of  handsome  scarlet- 
fruited  hawthorns.  These  you  can  know  at  once  by 
their  thorns  and  bright  green,  thin,  smooth  leaves  of 
roundish  ovate  form,  sharply  lobed.  The  lobes  are 
generally  very  regularly  cut  and  give  the  leaves  a 
very  symmetrical  look,  but  sometimes  they  vary  greatly 
from  this  regularity  of  cut.  These  trees  bloom  pro- 
fusely in  May,  and  in  September  are  loaded  with  their 
bright  scarlet  fruit,  large,  for  hawthorns  (about  half 


19 

an  inch),  round  or  pear-shaped,  and  the  birds  get 
after  them  with  a  vengeance. 

Back  in  the  shrubbery,  close  by  the  border  of  the 
Pond,  you  will  find  a  beautiful  American  beech,  which 
you  distinguish  by  its  smooth  light  gray  bark  and 
chestnut-like  leaves. 

Close  by  the  culvert  that  lets  a  tumbling  stream 
into  Wild  Fowl  Pond,  you  will  find  sassafras  with  its 
three  different  kinds  of  leaves ;  egg-shaped,  mitten- 
shaped,  double  mitten-shaped,  and  a  tall  European 
or  tree  alder,  which  you  will  have  no  difficulty  in  find- 
ing if  you  look  for  its  black  last  year's  "cones"  which 
are  sure  to  be  hanging  on  its  branches.  Its  leaf,  too, 
is  decisive  with  a  curved  notch  at  the  top. 

This  brings  us  to  Wild  Fowl  Pond  on  the  one  side 
and  the  drive  crossing  back  of  Battle  Pass  on  the 
other. 


SECTIONAL  DIAGRAM 

N<?2 
BATTLE  PASS 


Explanations,    Sectional   Diagram   No.   2 


COMMON  NAME 

1.  Calif ornian  privet. 

2.  Cornelian  cherry. 

3.  Dotted  fruited  hawthorn. 

4.  Ash-leaved  maple  or  box 

elder. 

5.  American  hornbeam. 

6.  European  silver  linden. 

7.  Koelreuteria. 

8.  Syringa. 

(Various   kinds). 

9.  Yellow-wood. 

10.  European  hazel. 

11.  Common     sweet     pepper 

bush. 

12.  European  linden. 

13.  White  oak. 

14.  English  hawthorn. 

15.  American  chestnut. 

1 6.  English  elm. 

17.  Sweet  gum  or  bilsted. 

18.  Mockernut   or   white- 

heart  hickory. 

19.  Colorado  blue  spruce. 

20.  Norway   maple. 

21.  Nordmann's   silver  fir. 

22.  Variegated  Weigela. 

23.  Tulip  tree. 

24.  Spicebush. 

25.  Bhotan  pine. 

26.  Wild  red  cherry. 

27.  Shady  hydrangea. 

28.  Dotted  fruited  hawthorn. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Ligustrum    ovalifolium. 
Cornus  mascula. 
Cratccgus  punctata. 
Negundo  aceroides. 

Carpinus  Carolitiiana. 
Tilia  Europcea,  var.  argentca. 
Koelreuteria  paniculata. 
Philadelphia. 

Cladrastis  tinctoria. 
Corylus  avcllana. 
Clethra  alnifolia. 

Tilia  Europcca. 
Qucrcus  alba. 
Cratccgus  oxyacantha. 
Castanca  sativa,  var.  Ameri- 
cana. 

Ulmus  campestris. 
Liquidambar  styraciflua. 
Carya  tomentosa. 

Picca  pungens. 
Acer  platanoides. 
Abies  Nordmanniana. 
Diervilla  rosca,  var.  foliis  var- 

iegatis. 

Liriodendron    tulipifera. 
Benzoin  benzoin. 
Pinus  excelsa. 

Prunns  Pennsylvanicum. 
Hydrangea  arborescent. 
Cratcegiis  punctata. 


COMMON  NAME 


BOTANICAL  NAME 


29.  Mugho  pine. 

30.  Laburnum,  golden  chain, 

or  bean  trefoil  tree. 

31.  Siberian  pea  tree. 

32.  Weeping  bald  cypress. 

33.  Van  Houtte's  spiraea. 

34.  English   walnut. 

35.  White  mulberry. 

36.  Buttonbush. 

37.  Yellow  flowered  buckeye. 

38.  Black  haw. 

39.  French    tamarisk. 

40.  Japan  pagoda  tree. 

41.  Camperdown   elm. 

42.  Variegated  English  yew. 

43.  Bhotan  pine. 

44.  Dockmackie  or  maple 

leaved  arrowwood. 
45-  Japan  quince. 

46.  Imperial    cut-leaved   Eu- 

ropean alder. 

47.  European  hornbeam. 

48.  Black  mulberry. 

49.  Scotch  elm. 

50.  Golden  bell  or  Forsythia. 

51.  English  cork  bark  elm. 

52.  Austrian   pine. 

53.  Cherry  birch. 

54.  American  beech. 

55.  Sour  gum,  tupelo  or  pep- 

peridge. 

56.  Black  oak. 

57.  Hemlock. 

58.  Sycamore  maple. 

59.  English  maple. 

60.  Sugar  or  rock  maple. 

61.  .Pin  oak. 

62.  Red  maple. 


Pinus  montana,  var.  Mughus. 
Laburnum  vulgare. 

Caragana  arboresccns. 
Taxodium  disticlium,  var. 

pendulum. 

Spircea    Van   Houttei. 
Juglans  regia. 
Morus  alba. 

Ccphalanthus  occidentalis. 
Pavia  lutea. 
Viburnu  m   prunifoliu  m. 
TamarLv  Gallica. 
Sophora  Japonica. 
Ulmus  montana,  var.  Cam- 

perdoivnii  pendula. 
Taxus  baccata,  var.  elegantis- 

sirna. 
Pinus  cxcclsa. 

Viburnum  aceri  folium. 

Cy  do  nia  Japonica. 

Alnus  glutinosa,  var.   lacin- 

iata  imperialis. 
Carpinus  betulus. 
Morus  nigra. 
Ulmus  montana. 
Forsyth  ia  viridissima. 
Ulmus  campestris,  var.  su- 

berosa. 

Pinus  Austriaca. 
Be  tula  lenta. 
Fagus  ferruginca. 
Nyssa  sylvatica. 

Oncrcus  coccinea,  var.  tinc- 

toria. 

Tsuga  Canadensls. 
Acer  pseudoplatanus. 
Acer  campestre. 
Acer  saccharinum. 
Qucrcus  palustris. 
Acer  rubrum, 


COM r ON  NAME  BOTANICAL  NAME 

63.  Washington    thorn.  Crattcgus  cor  data. 

64.  Silver   maple.  Acer  dasycarpuni. 

65.  Mockernut  or  white-  Carya  tomcntosa. 

heart  hickory. 

66.  European  beech.  Fagus  sylvatica. 

67.  Striped  maple  or  moose-  Acer  Pennsylvanicum. 

wood. 

68.  Large  thorned  variety  of  Cratargus  coccinca,  i'ar.  mac 

the  scarlet  fruited  haw-  racantha. 
thorn. 


II. 

BATTLE  PASS  TO  FLOWER  GARDEN. 

Starting-  from  the  drive  crossing  at  Battle  Pass 
and  following  the  Walk  south,  the  first  shrubs  you 
will  pass  on  your  right  are  well  grown  bushes  of  Cali- 
fornian  privet  and  Cornelian  cherry  (Cornus  mascula). 
The  Cornelian  cherry  bears  greenish  yellow  flowers, 
which  are  among  the  first  to  open  in  the  spring.  It 
belongs  to  the  dogwood  (Cornus)  family,  and  its 
flowers,  when  fully  out,  bunch  in  clusters  along  its 
branches  in  a  way  that  makes  you  think  of  "bachelor's 
buttons."  The  flowers  develop  in  the  summer  to 
beautiful  light  yellow  berries,  which  in  the  early  fall 
change  to  shining  scarlet.  Further  along,  on  the  right 
again,  are  English  cork  bark  elm,  and  about  opposite 
the  end  of  the  Shelter  over  on  the  left  of  the  Walk, 
is  American  hornbeam.  The  hornbeam  can  be  iden- 
tified by  its  bark  alone — smooth,  and  often  streaked 
with  fine  silvery  lines.  It  is  impossible  to  mistake  its 
smooth,  hard,  muscular  look,  its  clean-cut  trunk  and 
boughs  with  their  swelling  ridges  which  suggest  bare 
muscles.  There  are  many  hornbeams  in  the  Park,  both 
native  and  European.  The  native  hornbeam  (Carpi- 
mis  Caroliniana)  is  also  called  water-beech  or  blue- 
beech,  and  certainly  the  leaf  is  very  much  like  both 
the  beech  and  the  birch,  but  more  like  the  latter,  how- 


ever.  The  European  hornbeam  (Carpinus  betulus) 
has  a  leaf  very  much  like  that  of  the  cherry  birch. 
You  can  tell  the  difference  between  the  European  and 
the  native  hornbeams  by  their  seed  clusters.  The 
European  is  halberd  shaped,  the  native,  half  halberd 
shaped. 

About  opposite  the  hornbeam  on  the  other  side  of 
the  path,  close  to  the  southern  corner  of  the  Shelter, 
is  a  pretty  Washington  thorn,  and  beyond  it,  a 
Kcclreiitcriq,  and  then  some  very  beautiful  yellow- 
woods  (Cladrastis  tinctoria),  with  fine,  smooth,  gray- 
ish bark,  almost  satin-like  in  the  strong  sunshine. 
They  are  goodly  trees,  well  grown  and  healthy.  You 
may  know  them  by  their  long,  compound  leaves,  made 
up  of  from  seven  to  eleven  oval  leaflets.  These  trees 
are  lovely  sights  in  June  when  they  are  hung  full  of 
sweet  smelling  flowers,  pure  white,  in  long  strings  or 
racemes,  very  much  like  the  flowers  of  the  common 
locust  (Robinia  pscuddcacia).  Just  beyond  the  yel- 
low-woods is  a  well-grown  European  hazel  (Corylus 
ai'cllana),  which  is  lace  hung  in  spring,  with  dull 
rusty  brown  catkins  that  have  a  grace  and  beauty 
all  their  own.  Indeed,  I  know  of  no  fairer  early 
spring  sight  than  that  of  the  lace-hung  hazels  vailing 
themselves  while  yet  the  trees  are  bare.  About  op- 
posite the  hazel,  on  the  right  of  the  path,  you  will 
find  a  noble  growth  of  the  sweet  pepper  bush  (Clethra 
aluifolia).  This  gets  its  name,  alnifolia,  by  the  way, 
from  its  close  resemblance  to  the  alder  (Alnus)  leaf. 
The  sweet  pepper  bush  speaks  for  itself  in  July.  Then 
it  sends  up  little  fingers  of  delicate  frost-white  bloom 


so  sweetly  fragrant  that  bees,  ants,  and,  seemingly, 
every  kind  of  bug  or  insect,  swarm  to  it  and  over  it. 
The  whole  bush  is  then  fairly  alive  with  honey  sip- 
pers.  Beyond  the  clcthra,  on  your  right,  you  pass  a 
fine  European  linden  (Tilia  Enropcea},  of  excellent 
form,  and  beautiful,  full  leafage.  This  tree  is  also 
a  veritable  hive  of  insect  industry  when  it  is  in  bloom, 
which  is  in  June.  Then  it  is  hung  full  of  fragrant, 
starry,  cream-colored  flowers,  which  droop  on  stalks 
from  leaf-life  bracts.  So  fragrant  are  the  flowers  at 
night,  that  they  fill  all  the  air  in  the  neighborhood  of 
the  trees  on  which  they  hang  with  a  perfume  that  is 
almost  heavy. 

Now  we  have  come  to  a  point  where  the  Walk  makes 
a  kind  of  double  turn  after  the  manner  of  Hogarth's 
line  of  beauty,  into  a  glade  or  grove  of  tall  and  grace- 
ful trees  that  are  truly  majestic.  You  walk  as  through 
some  open,  unroofed  temple  whose  columns  are  lordly 
oaks,  stately  chestnuts,  straight  strong  hickories, 
graceful  birches,  towering  sweet  gums  (liquidam- 
bars),  with  here  and  there  set  among  them,  in  lowly 
modesty,  young  dogwoods  reaching  out  to  you  over 
the  Walk  with  most  delicate,  bewitching  grace.  Just 
before  you  pass  into  the  shade  of  this  hall  of  trees, 
notice  the  pretty  clump  of  privet  on  the  left,  and  just 
beyond  it  the  little  English  hawthorns,  which  seem 
to  stand  so  shyly  at  the  portals  where  are  assembled 
all  these  stately  trees.  Here  are  white  oaks  which 
are  a  glory  in  the  winter  sunshine  with  their  light 
granite  bark  broken  in  plates  and  their  bold  and 
rugged  fling  of  boughs  filling  the  eye  with  joy  at  their 


29 

strength  as  they  stand  gnarled  and  knotted  against 
the  clear  blue  sky.  Most  of  the  white  oaks  here  are 
the  broad-leafed  variety.  There  are  many  of  the  nar- 
row-leafed variety  in  other  parts  of  the  Park  (notably 
on  Lookout  Hill),  but  most  of  these  here  are  of  the 
broad  leaf  form,  or  widely  ovate,  broadest  at  the  top. 
Here,  too,  are  black  oaks  that  glow  with  bronze  when 
October  walks  through  the  Park.  Here  hickories  sing 
their  anthem  of  golden  glory  to  the  frosty  winds, 
and  here  the  sweet  gums  set  fire  to  their  starry  leaves 
with  flames  of  orange,  crimson  and  richest  blue-pur- 
ple. But  beautiful  as  this  grove  is  in  autumn,  it  has 
perhaps  a  more  delicate  beauty  in  spring.  Don't  fail 
to  come  here  when  the  dogwood  blooms  in  May.  Then 
the  Walk  runs  on  under  canopies  of  white  which  seem 
to  float  upon  the  air  rather  than  to  hang  in  it.  On 
your  right,  passing  along  from  the  finely  formed 
European  linden  of  which  we  spoke  just  a  little  above, 
and  which  stands  close  by  a  short  roadway  from  the 
path  to  the  Drive,  you  will  find  a  fine  black  oak  stand- 
ing a  little  to  the  south.  A  cherry  birch  stands  just 
south  of  the  black  oak.  Continuing  on  your  right  you 
pass  two  white  oaks  close  together  about  opposite  the 
two  English  hawthorns  just  spoken  of,  then  black  oak 
again,  silver  maple,  a  couple  of  American  chestnuts 
by  the  Drive,  mockernut  hickory,  and  another  chest- 
nut not  far  from  a  lamp-post  on  the  Drive. 

Up  to  this  point  you  have  passed  on  your  left,  Eng- 
lish hawthorn,  white  oak,  striped  maple  (directly  back 
to  the  northeast  of  the  white  oak),  yellow- wood  and 
European  beech  standing  close  to  each  other  a  little 


30 

to  the  east  of  the  Walk,  then  black  oak,  and  mockernut 
hickory  about  opposite  the  lamp-post  on  the  Drive. 
To  the  east  of  the  black  oak  and  hickory,  a  few  steps 
back,  you  will  find  another  English  hawthorn. 

Continuing  along  the  path  to  Willink  Entrance  you 
pass,  in  that  delightful  patch  of  wildwood  which  lies  in 
between  the  Walk  and  the  Drive,  a  wonderful  host  of 
small  things  which  rise  there  every  year  to  tell  you 
it  is  spring.  Here  you  will  find  wild  sarsaparilla, 
spring  beauties,  jacks-in-the-pulpit,  violets,  wild 
geraniums,  Solomon's  seal,  false  Solomon's  seal,  and 
hundreds  of  others.  Further  along  there  are  noble 
tulip  trees  (Liriodendron  tulipifera)  rising  to  majestic 
heights,  and  in  June  glorious  sights  when  they  are  all 
hung  full  of  chalice-like  flowers,  orange  and  green. 
These  flowers  make  the  seed  "cones"  of  the  tulip  tree, 
so  conspicuous  in  winter. 

On  the  left,  you  have  passed  American  chestnut,  and 
quite  a  clump  of  cherry  birches  clustered  together  not 
far  from  a  short  foot-worn  path  striking  diagonally 
across.  Several  fine  English  elms  stand  almost  in 
line  of  each  other,  at  wide  distances,  in  a  row  parallel 
with  the  Walk.  You  can  know  them  by  their  oak- 
like  look  and  elm  leaf. 

If  you  follow  the  path  on,  it  will  lead  you  beneath 
Eastwood  Arch,  and  on  to  the  Boat  House  at  Lull- 
water,  but  we  are  not  quite  ready  to  go  down  there 
yet,  for  a  left  hand  branch,  which  breaks  off  here  and 
runs  out  to  the  Willink  Entrance  has  some  lovely 
things  to  show  us.  On  the  way  we  pass  English 
hawthorns,  and  beneath  the  wide-spreading  boughs  of 


the  English  field  elm  (Utmus  caaipcstris)  easily  recog- 
nized by  its  rather  straight  main  shaft,  by  its  some- 
what horizontal  manner  of  sending  out  its  boughs. 
Indeed,  as  has  been  said  above,  the  tree  has  an  almost 
oak-like  look,  sturdy  and  thickset.  Just  beyond  the 
English  elm  is  one  of  the  handsomest  Norway  maples 
in  the  Park.  It  is  a  glory  in  spring,  when  it  is  cov- 
ered with  delicate  green  flowers,  and  it  is  an  equal 
glory  in  autumn  when  it  is  a  hanging  cloud  of  orange- 
yellow.  On  the  left,  near  the  Entrance,  you  will  find 
a  good  little  Colorado  blue  spruce  (Picea  pun  gens) } 
and  fine  growths  of  the  Retinospora  pisifcra,  var. 
squarrosa.  This  variety  of  Retinospora  is  easily  recog- 
nized by  its  soft,  squarely  setting  leaf  sprays,  and  by 
the  light  bluish-green  cast  of  color  in  its  foliage, 
delicately  tinged  with  fine  drifts  of  silver.  In  winter 
the  shrub  often  takes  on  delicate  copperish  or  red- 
dish bronze  tints,  which  are  very  beautiful  through 
its  silvery  green. 

Crossing  the  Drive  and  starting  in  again  on  the 
left-hand  Walk  of  the  Willink  Entrance,  notice  the 
young  Nordmann's  silver  fir  on  your  right.  It  is  a 
young  tree,  but  beautifully  formed,  and  it  is  growing 
finely.  A  little  further  on  the  path  forks.  Its  left- 
hand  branch  keeps  on  straight  ahead  over  a  rise  toward 
the  Ocean  Avenue  Entrance,  while  the  right  bends 
around  toward  the  Boat  House.  If  you  follow  the 
Boat  House  path,  you  will  pass,  on  your  left,  very  near 
the  drive  crossing,  great  masses  of  variegated 
Weigela,  with  leaves  of  a  mingled  pale  yellow  and 
green,  the  borders  of  a  light  yellowish  green.  In 


32 

June,  when  these  bushes  are  in  bloom,  they  are  beau- 
tiful indeed,  and  the  perfume  of  their  flowers  is 
fragrance  itself.  Crossing  the  Drive  you  strike  again 
the  cathedral  groves  of  chestnut,  hickory,  oak,  sweet 
gum,  tulip  and  birch.  Squirrels  are  lively  here,  and 
it  is  here,  in  summer,  that  the  goat  carriages  wheel 
their  burdens  of  delighted  children  along  the  Walk. 
This  part  of  the  Park  is  a  great  haunt  of  the  brown 
thrasher,  and  it  is  a  satisfying  thing  to  hear  his  liquid 
notes  thrilling  the  soft  air  of  a  June  day  in  these  leafy 
glades. 

Following  this  Walk  toward  the  Boat  House  you 
will  pass,  on  the  right,  straggling  bushes  of  yew, 
Mahonia  Japonica,  rhododendrons,  and  on  the  left, 
near  the  Arch,  spice-bush  (Benzoin  benzoin).  This 
Arch,  known  as  Eastwood  Arch,  is  beautifully  hung 
with  the  drooping  golden  bell  or  yellow  jessamine 
(Forsythia  suspensd).  It  may  be  interesting  to  add 
here  that  the  Forsythia  gets  its  name  from  an  Eng- 
lish botanist,  W.  A.  Forsyth.  For  beauty  of  setting, 
this  arch  is  one  of  the  most  picturesque  in  the  Park. 
As  you  pass  through  it,  you  come  out  upon  dogwoods 
and  hawthorns,  which  lean  out  lovingly  towards  you 
from  the  banksides  and  when  they  are  in  bloom  they 
make  the  place  a  fairyland  of  white.  Just  as  you 
come  from  beneath  the  Arch,  down  at  your  right  there 
is  a  pretty  wild  hydrangea  (Hydrangea  arborescens), 
which  loves  just  the  kind  of  a  sheltered  spot  it  has 
here.  It  has  ovate  or  slightly  cordate  leaves,  serrate 
and  pointed  and  bears  its  white  flowers  in  a  flat  cyme 
or  head  in  June.  Near  it  is  a  mass  of  wild  purple- 


33 

flowering  raspberry  (Rubus  odoratns)  which  is  cov- 
ered in  July  or  August  with  the  beautifully  tinted 
flowers  which  have  given  it  its  name.  Higher  up  on 
the  slope  of  the  bank,  by  the  roadside  which  runs 
over  the  Arch,  a  wild  red  cherry  tree  wreaths  its  bloom 
in  May.  Continuing,  beyond  the  hydrangea,  you  will 
find  some  good  hemlocks  with  fine  and  feathery  leaf- 
sprays.  Close  by  the  border  of  the  Walk  are  wild 
sarsaparilla  and  goodly  white  and  scarlet  oaks  crown 
the  ridges  of  the  slopes.  The  yew,  the  Rhododendron, 
the  Azalea,  the  Mahonia,  the  Mngho  pine  are  here  also, 
all  on  the  right  of  the  Walk,  and  a  cluster  of  sycamore 
maples  just  in  fork  of  the  Walk  where  it  sends  off 
a  branch  toward  the  Music  Stand.  On  the  left  of  the 
Walk  are  beautiful  flowering  dogwoods  (Cornus 
Honda),  which  make  this  spot  a  special  haunt  of  the 
camera  enthusiast,  and  pretty  dotted  fruited  haw- 
thorns, a  fine  American  beech,  well  up  on  the  bank, 
cherry  birches  and  more  dogwoods.  Just  beyond  this 
place  the  path  forks  again,  the  right  running  over  a 
cozily  set  rustic  bridge,  hemlock  shaded,  to  the  Music 
Stand ;  the  left-hand  branch  slipping  easily  down  a 
little  grade  to  the  Boat  House,  and  then  running  on 
again  around  the  quiet  stream  here  (well  named  Lull- 
water)  to  meet  other  walks  which  come  together  near 
Cleft  Ridge  Span,  the  Arch  leading  into  the  Flower 
Garden  with  its  restaurant  and  goodly  elms  over- 
shadowing. 

Proceeding  along  the  left-hand  fork  there  is  a  fine 
laburnum  or  bean-trefoil  tree  (Laburnum  vulgare")  at 
your  left,  which  is  strung  through  and  through  in 


34 

June  with  the  golden  chains  of  bloom  which  have 
given  it  its  common  name,  "golden  chain."  You 
meet  this  just  before  you  come  to  the  Boat  House, 
and  can  easily  identify  it  by  its  three  clover-like  leaves. 
Nestling  almost  beneath  it  is  a  pretty  Siberian  pea 
tree,  which  may  be  known  by  its  leaves  alone,  made 
up  of  from  four  to  six  pairs  of  oval  oblong  leaflets. 
This  is  the  Caragana  arborescens.  Its  flowers  are  yel- 
low, and  they  appear  in  May.  Beyond  the  Boat 
House  there  are  many  things  to  claim  your  attention. 
This  Walk,  as  stated  above,  leads  along  by  the  side 
of  the  stream.  On  your  right,  close  down  by  the 
water's  edge,  rears  up  a  lofty  weeping  bald  cypress 
(Taxodium  distichum,  var.  pendulum}  of  spire-like 
form  and  soft  feathery  foliage.  Further  along  are 
large  growths  of  barberry,  loaded  in  late  May  or 
early  June  with  clusters  of  yellow  flowers  which  de- 
velop in  September  into  the  beautiful  cool-looking 
crimson  berries  that  are  a  delight  to  the  eye  all  through 
the  autumn  and  remain  on  the  bushes  in  good  part 
through  the  winter.  Beyond  are  sycamore  maple. 
English  maple,  Japan  quince,  with  rich  crimson 
flowers  in  May ;  English  walnut  on  the  bank  where 
the  water  comes  in  close  to  the  Walk;  Forsythia  with 
golden  bell-like  flowers  in  late  April  or  early  May ; 
pin  oak  with  its  tiny  acorns  and  back  of  it  by  the  water, 
buttonbush  (Cephalanthus  occidentalis),  in  blossom  in 
June;  smoke  tree  (Rhns  cotinns),  French  tamarisk 
(Tamarix  G allied)  and  Forsythia  and  Deuteia  cre- 
nata.  On  your  left  you  have  passed  great  clumps 
of  Spircca  Recvesiana ;  Spircca  Van  Honttci,  white 


35 

mulberry;  a  graceful  yellow-flowered  buckeye  (Pavia 
lutea)  with  yellow  flowers  in  May  or  June;  black 
haw  (Viburnum  prunifolium)  and  Austrian  pine. 

Upon  the  slope  of  the  hill,  back  of  the  Austrian 
pine  you  will  find  some  more  English  walnuts.  Fur- 
ther on,  along  the  Walk,  and  back  on  the  slope  is  a 
fine  Japan  pagoda  tree  with  locust-like  foliage.  As 
you  round  the  turn  of  the  Walk  to  go  under  the  Arch 
(Cleft  Ridge  Span)  a  remarkable  tree  of  spreading 
habit  and  dwarf  umbrella  form  meets  you.  It  is  very 
conspicuous  with  its  wide-reaching  drooping  branches. 
This  is  the  Camperdown  elm  and  is  exceedingly 
picturesque  in  summer  or  winter.  Its  leaf  with  its 
long  points  and  rough  surface  marks  its  kinship  with 
the  Scotch  elm  (Ulinus  montana).  Just  beyond  the 
Camperdown,  near  the  Arch,  are  masses  of  Taxus 
baccata,  var.  elegantissima  (variegated  English  yew), 
beautiful  sights  in  early  June  when  their  new  shoots 
of  golden-yellow  tuft  out  all  over  them.  Just  as  you 
go  under  the  Arch  look  up  on  your  right  and  see  a 
handsome  Bhotan  pine  hanging  its  tassels  high  up 
on  the  bank.  This  brings  us  to  the  Flower  Garden. 


SECTIONAL  DIAGRAM 
N<?3 


Explanations,    Sectional  Diagram   No.   3 


COMMON  NAME 
T.  Camperdown  elm. 

2.  Forsythia  or  golden  bell. 

(With  leaves  interme- 
diate between  the  bush, 
viridissima,  variety  and 
the  weeping,  suspensa, 
variety). 

3.  Shrubby   Wistaria. 

(Pale  purple   flowers). 

4.  Flowering   dogwood. 

5.  Japan  maple. 

6.  Austrian  pine. 

7.  European  flowering  ash. 

8.  Black  walnut. 

9.  Cornelian    cherry. 

10.  American  or  white  elm. 

11.  Day  lily. 

12.  Weeping    European    sil- 

ver linden. 

13.  Hornbeam-leaved  maple. 

14.  Colchicum-leaved  maple. 

15.  Japan  snowball. 

1 6.  European  English  yew. 

17.  Cephalonian  silver  fir. 

1 8.  Japan  ground  cypress  or 

Japan  arbor  vitae. 
(Pea-fruiting). 

19.  Irish  juniper. 

20.  Irish  yew. 

21.  Polish  juniper. 

22.  Swiss    stone    pine. 

23.  Chinese  arbor  vitse. 

24.  Hemlock. 

25.  Sycamore  maple. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Ulmus  montana,  var.  Camper- 

downii  pendula. 
Forsythia  intermedia. 


Wistaria  frutescens. 

Cornus  ftorida. 

Acer  polymorphism. 

Pinus  Austriaca. 

Fraxinus  ornus. 

Juglans  nigra. 

Cornus  mascula. 

Ulmus  Americana. 

Hemerocallis  fulva. 

Tilia  Europaa,  var.  argentea 

(or  alba}  pendula. 
Acer  carpinifolium. 
Acer  l&tum. 
Viburnum  plicatum. 
Taxus  baccata. 
Abies  Cephalonica. 
Chamacyparis     or     Retinos- 

pora)  pisifera,  var.  aurea. 

Juniperus  communis,  var.  Hi- 

bernica. 

Taxus  baccata,  var.  fastigiata. 
Juniperus  communis,  var. 

Cracovia. 
Pinus  Cembra. 
Thuya  Orientalis. 
Tsuga  Canadensis. 
Acer  pseudoplatanus. 


COMMON  NAME 


BOTANICAL  NAME 


26.  Kentucky  coffee'  tee. 
*27.  Cunninghamia. 

28.  White  pine. 

29.  European  linden. 

30.  Slender  Deutzia. 

31.  Chinese  podocarpus. 

32.  Norway  maple. 

33.  Small     mockernut    hick- 

ory. 

34.  American  basswood. 

35.  Sugar  or  rock  maple. 

36.  European  ash. 

37.  Japan  quince. 

38.  Ghent    azalea.     (Variety 

Bryant.) 

39.  Japan  ground  cypress  or 

'Japan  arbor  vitse 
(Plume-leaved). 

40.  European  holly. 

41.  Japan    aucuba. 

42.  Lovely  azalea. 

43.  Mountain    laurel. 

44.  European  silver  linden. 

f  45.  Weeping    European    sil- 
ver linden. 

[  46.  Rhododendrons.       Vari- 
ous kinds,  mostly  of  the 
Everestianum   (lilac 
flowers)  variety. 

47.  Tulip  tree. 

48.  Adam's  needle. 

49.  English   cork   bark   elm, 

grafted     on     stock     of 
slippery  elm. 

50.  Scotch    elm.        (Grafted 

on     stock     of     slippery 
elm). 

51.  Weeping    Japan    pagoda 

tree. 

52.  Copper  beech. 


Gymnocladus   Canadcnsis. 
Cunninghamia  Sinensis. 
Pinus  strobus. 
Tilia  Europcea. 
Deutzia  gracilis. 
Podocarpus   Sincnsis. 
Acer  platanoides. 
Carya  microcarpa. 

Tilia  Americana. 
Acer  saccharinum. 
Fraxinus  excelsior. 
Cydonia   Japonic  a. 
Azalea  Sincnsis. 

Chamcecyparis     (or    Retinas 

pora)  pisifera,  var.  plu- 

mosa. 

Ilex  aquifolium. 
Aucuba  Japonic  a. 
Azalea  amccna. 
Ka  Im  la  la  ti  folia  . 
Tilia  Europcea,  var.    argentea 

(or  alba). 
Tilia  Europcea,  var.    argentea 

(or  alba)  pendula. 


Liriodendron    tulipifera. 
Yucca  niamcntosa. 
Ulmus   campestris,   var.   sub  • 
erosa   on    stock   of    Ulmus 


fulva. 
Umus  t 


Ulmus  montana,  on  stock  of 
Ulmus  fulva. 

Sophora   Japonica,   var.   pen- 

dula. 
Fagus  sylvatica,  var.   cuprea. 


*  Cut  down  while  MS.    was  going  through  press.     Some 
saplings  from  it  are  coming  up  near  its  stump 


COMMOX  NAME 


BOTANICAL  NAME 


53.  Umbrella  pine. 

54.  Purple-leaved     sycamore 

maple. 

55.  Various-leaved    Euro- 

pean linden. 

56.  Norway  spruce. 

57.  Blue  willow. 

58.  Teas's  weeping  mulberry 

or   Russian    weeping 
mulberry. 

59.  Silver  maple. 

60.  Weeping    Chinese    lilac. 

(Flowers  in  large  white 
panicles,  about  middle 
of  June). 

61.  Kilmarnock  weeping  wil- 

low. 

62.  Gregory's   Norway 

spruce. 

63.  Double  red-flowering 

peach. 

64.  Kcelreuteria. 

65.  Spicebush. 

66.  Mockernut  or  white- 

heart  hickory. 

67.  European  flowering  ash. 

68.  Weeping  English  yew. 

69.  Japan  pagoda   tree. 

70.  Japan  ground  cypress  or 

Japan  arbor  vitae. 
(Variety  squarrosa.} 

71.  Deodar  or  Indian  cedar. 

72.  Garden  azalea. 

73.  American   white  ash. 

74.  Crisp-leaved  European 

ash. 

75.  Weeping  golden  bell   or 

Forsythia. 

76.  Ninebark. 

77.  Garden    hydrangea. 

78.  Dwarf  Japan  catalpa. 

79.  Japan  Judas  tree. 


S  dado  pit  ys  re  r  tic  ilia  t  a. 
Acer  pseudoplatanus,  var. 

purpurea. 
Tilia   Europcea,   var.    hctero- 

phylla. 

Picea  exceha. 
Salix  alba,  var.  ccurulea. 
Morns  alba,  var.  Tartarica. 


Acer  dasycarpum. 
Syringa,  var.  Pekinensis  pen- 
dula. 


Salix  capraa,  var.  pcndula. 

Picea    excelsa,    var.    Gregor- 

yiana. 
Prunus  Persica  vulgaris, 

var.  flora  sanguinea  plena. 
Kcelreuteria  paniculata. 
Benzoin  benzoin. 
Carya  tomentosa. 

Fraxinus  ornus. 

Taxus  baccata,  var.  pcndula. 

Sophora  Japonica. 

Cham&cy paris    (or     Retinos- 

pora)    pisifera,  var.   squar- 

rosa. 

Cedrus  Deodara. 
Azalea  mollis. 
Fraxinus  Americana. 
Fraxinus  excelsior,  var.  atro- 

virens. 
Forsythia  suspensa. 

Physocarpus  (or  Spircra}  op- 

uli  folia. 

Hydrangea  hortensis. 
Catalpa  Bungei. 
Cercis  Japonica. 


42 

COMMON  NAME  BOTANICAL  NAME 

80.  Panicled    hydrangea.  Hydrangea     paniculata,    var. 

(Large   flowered.)  grandiflora. 

81.  Shellbark     or     shagbark  Carya  alba. 

hickory. 

82.  Sassafras.  Sassafras  officinale. 


III. 

FLOWER  GARDEN. 

Starting  at  Cleft  Ridge  Span,  the  Arch  leading  from 
the  quiet  Walk  beside  Lullwater  into  the  Flower  Gar- 
den, you  come  out  upon  the  loveliness  of  this  beautiful 
spot.  With  its  picturesque  .Restaurant  bowered  in 
masses  of  rhododendron  and  sheltered  by  lindens  and 
elms  it  is  a  most  delightful  place  to  loiter  in.  As 
you  come  in  from  the  Arch  you  pass,  on  your  right 
great  masses  of  the  Forsythia  intermedia  and  sitspensa. 
These  bushes  are  among  the  handsomest  of  the  For- 
sythia in  the  Park  and  every  spring  are  loaded  with 
beautiful  four  petalled  yellow  flowers.  Higher  up 
on  the  bank,  just  above  the  first  bushes  of  the  For- 
sythia nestles  another  Camperdown  elm  reaching  down 
to  you  with  the  exquisite  grace  of  its  slender  drooping 
branches.,  in  its  own  peculiar  umbrella-like  manner. 

If  you  wish  to  see  a  handsome  effect  in  crimson  come 
here  in  early  autumn  when  the  masses  of  Indian  cur- 
rant (Symphoricarpos  znilgaris)  that  plume  the  ridge 
of  the  Span  have  burst  into  flame.  Beyond  the  For- 
sythia is  Japan  maple  (Acer  polymorphum) ,  with 
finely  cut  star-like  leaves  and  delicate  blood-crimson 
flowers  in  small  clusters  in  spring.  In  autumn  the 
leaves  of  this  tree  turn  a  beautiful  cool  crimson  after 
most  of  the  trees  have  passed  their  glory  of  color  and 


•      44 

it  stands  by  the  Arch  a  lingering  torch  amid  the  bared 
trees. 

On  the  bank  beyond  the  Japan  maple  stands  a  dog- 
wood glorious  in  early  spring  when  it  rolls  back  its 
pin  head  flower  buds  and  opens  its  white  bracts,  lay- 
ing them  on  the  air  in  a  miracle  of  floating  bloom.  Its 
flowers  are  bunched  in  the  center  of  the  white  bracts. 
We  are  now  on  the  Walk  which  leads  up  to  the  top 
of  Breeze  Hill  and  the  "Old  Fashioned  Flower  Gar- 
den/' but  we  will  not  go  up  there  yet,  for  we  have  some- 
thing to  see  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Walk.  Nest- 
ling in  behind  the  myrtle  border,  hidden  by  the  growths 
of  dwarf  Japan  maples,  azaleas,  and  young  rhodo- 
dendrons, you  will  find  the  Colchicum-leaved  maple 
(Acer  Latuni)  which  has  a  very  beautiful  leaf  with 
a  faintly  heart-shaped  base  and  from  five  to  seven 
lobes.  Near  it  and  behind  it  is  the  peculiar  hornbeam- 
leaved  maple  (Acer  carpini  folium)  with  leaves  almost 
exactly  like  those  of  the  hornbeam  itself.  The  only 
difference  in  the  leaves  of  the  two  trees,  so  far  as  I 
can  see,  is  that  the  maple  leaf  is  a  little  thicker  of 
texture.  The  similitude  is  certainly  striking. 

As  you  turn  around  and  come  back  to  the  Flower 
Garden,  at  the  edge  of  the  turn,  there  are  some  very 
fine  Japan  snowballs  (Viburnum  plicatum),  note- 
worthy for  their  beautifully  ridged  leaves  of  roundish 
shape  and  pointed.  They  are  called  plicatum,  because 
the  leaves  have  a  crimped  or  folded  appearance.  The 
Viburnum  tomentosum,  of  which  the  plicatum  is  a 
variety,  has  a  similar  leaf,  less  roundish,  more  elliptic 
and  long  acuminate.  They  are  beautiful  shrubs  and 


45 

carry  great  balls  of  clustered  flowers,  pale  Nile  green 
at  first,  then  changing  to  white  at  maturity. 

If  you  keep  to  the  right,  the  Walk  will  lead  you 
around  by  the  south-eastern  slope  of  Breeze  Hill  and 
it  is  this  course  we  now  take.  Just  beyond  the  Vibur- 
num plicatum  is  a  very  handsome  Japan  maple  (Acer 
polymorphum)  with  small  star-shaped  leaves.  This 
is  a  tree  of  considerable  size,  but  all  around  the  border 
near  it,  you  will  find  many  varieties  of  Japan  maples, 
most  of  them  small  shrubs,  two,  three,  and  four  feet 
high.  Among  them  you  will  find  the  cut-leaved  (Acer 
polymorphum,  var.  dissectum);  the  purple  cut-leaved 
(Acer  polymorphum,  var,  dissectum  atro  pur  pure  urn) 
with  very  delicate,  finely  cut  leaves.  This  last  is  fairy- 
like  in  its  fineness,  its  leaves  hanging  in  the  most  deli- 
cate filaments.  A  little  further  along  nestles  the  snow- 
berry  shaded  by  the  over-arching  glooms  of  beautiful 
weeping  European  silver  lindens.  Back  of  the  snow- 
berry,  with  bending  lance-like  leaves  which  make  you 
think  of  thick  sedge  grass,  lies  a  rich,  cool  bank  of 
Hemerocallis  or  day-lily  which  shows  orange-hued 
flowers  in  the  summer.  This  brings  us  to  a  flight  of 
stone  steps  which  ascends  to  the  Walk  leading  to 
the  top  of  Breeze  Hill.  We  shall  not  go  up,  but  will 
keep  on,  following  the  right  hand  border  of  the  Walk. 

Almost  the  first  thing  to  greet  you,  beyond  the  steps, 
is  a  European  or  English  yew  (Taxus  baccata)  with 
dark  green  foliage  and  ragged  trunk.  The  leaves  of 
the  yew  are  noticeably  pointed  and  droop  somewhat 
like  damp  feathers.  A  little  back  and  beyond  the  yew 
is  a  tall  evergreen  of  broad  base  and  conical  top.  This 


46 

is  a  Cephalonian  silver  fir  (Abies  Cephalonica)  and 
may  be  known  by  its  stiff  brush-like  leaf  sprays  and 
sharply  pointed  needles.  Some  elegant  specimens  of 
this  fir  you  passed  on  the  first  chapter's  ramble,  near 
Vale  Cashmere.  Back  of  the  Cephalonian  silver  fir, 
up  the  slope  of  the  hill  are  graceful  hemlocks. 

Close  by  the  border  of  the  Walk  again  you  pass 
Japan  ground  cypress  of  the  variety  pisifera  and  a  little 
further  along,  very  near  the  corner  of  the  border  of 
the  Walk  where  a  couple  of  steps  drop  to  a  small  circle 
of  path,  you  will  find  Polish  juniper.  It  has  been 
pruned  until  it  is  almost  a  stump,  but  its  foliage  is 
healthy.  It  varies  from  our  common  juniper  in  its 
dense,  crowded,  close-growing  stiffer  leaves,  which  are 
very  silvery  on  the  upper  sides.  If  you  go  down  these 
few  steps  and  follow  the  arc  of  the  path  to  the  second 
flight  of  steps  up  Breeze  Hill,  close  by  the  corner  you 
will  find  Chinese  arbor  vitse  .and  by  it  a  well  clothed 
Swiss  stone  pine.  The  pine  you  can  easily  identify 
by  its  leaves  in  bundles  of  five.  About  halfway  up 
the  flight  of  steps  to  Breeze  Hill,  close  by  the  steps,  is 
another  hemlock,  and  at  the  top  of  the  steps,  by  its 
right  hand  corner,  is  Cornelian  cherry.  Beside  the 
Cornelian  cherry,  to  the  right  of  it,  stands  an  Ameri- 
.can  elm.  Directly  in  front  of  the  top  of  the  steps 
are  two  bushes  of  nine-bark.  On  the  left  of  steps, 
along  the  path  leading  into  Old  Fashioned  Flower 
Garden,  are  black  walnut,  American  white  ash,  and 
black  walnut  again  near  the  spot  where  the  path  opens 
out  into  the  Old  Fashioned  Flower  Garden.  Opposite 
this  black  walnut  are  European  flowering  ash  and  Eu- 


47 

ropean  ash.  Note  the  differences  of  these  last  two 
trees. 

Come  back  now  to  the  point  where  we  left  the 
Flower  Garden,  at  the  foot  of  the  second  flight  of  steps 
and  follow  the  arc  of  the  walk  border  toward  the 
Lake.  Right  in  the  corner  of  the  border  is  sycamore 
maple  and  back  of  it  about  half  way  up  the  hill,  is  a 
small  Cedriis  Dcodara  or  Indian  cedar  with  beautiful 
light  glaucous  green,  larch-like  leaves.  Passing  on, 
south-westwards,  following  the  Walk,  when  you  come 
about  opposite  the  bust  of  Mozart,  if  you  go  over  to 
it  and  look  at  the  evergreen  that  stands  just  behind 
it  you  will  find  a  very  interesting  thing  to  study.  It 
is  the  Cunning hamia  Sinensis  and  gets  its  name  from 
the  botanical  collector,  J.  Cunningham,  who  discovered 
its  species  in  China  about  1700.  It  is  certainly  a 
beautiful  conifer  (cone-bearer),  with  long  sweeping 
leafsprays  which  give  the  tree  something  of  a  palm- 
like  look.  Go  up  and  examine  its  leaves,  for  they 
are  very  handsome.  These  leaves  are  fully  two  inches 
long,  flat  and  pointed  at  the  tip.  From  the  tip  they 
gradually  widen  as  they  approach  the  stem,  to  which 
they  are  attached  in  a  peculiar  way  which  botanists 
term  dccurrent,  that  is,  running  along  the  stem  be- 
yond the  point  of  fastening.  Near  the  Cunninghamia, 
north  of  the  Mozart  Statue  is  a  little  evergreen  shrub 
with  an  appearance  very  much  like  that  of  the  Irish 
yew.  It  is  the  Chinese  Podocarpus  and  its  leaves  are 
linear-lanceolate  and  very  noticeably  decurrent. 

In  this  vicinity  the  rhododendrons  are  very  hand- 
some. Come  here  in  June  when  they  are  in  their 


48 

glory.  The  dark  crimson  flowered  is  the  ujohn 
Waterer,"  the  crimson,  the  "H.  W.  Sargent,"  the 
rosy  lilac,  the  "Everestianum,"  the  cherry  red, 
"Charles  Bagley."  In  the  beautiful  corner  at  the  end 
of  the  Flower  Garden,  very  near  the  steps  leading  to 
the  sycamore  or  plane  tree  grove,  are  lovely  masses 
of  Deutzia  gracilis,  very  beautiful  when  in  flower  in 
late  May  or  June. 

If  you  cross  now  to  the  east  side  of  the  Garden,  and, 
beginning  at  its  south-east  corner,  walk  toward  the 
Restaurant,  you  will  pass  Japan  quince,  Ghent  Azalea 
variety  Bryant  with  yellow  flowers  in  May,  Japan 
Ancuba  with  splashed  and  spotted  leaves,  slender 
Deutzia,  and  the  lovely  Azalea  amaena,  with  magenta- 
crimson  flowers  in  April.  Mountain  laurel  is  here  and 
European  holly  and  rhododendrons,  in  glorious 
bursts  of  bloom  in  June.  Back  of  all  these,  like  a  mighty 
green  wall  rise  the  green  towers  of  magnificent  Nor- 
way maples,  American  basswoods  and  lindens,  and  back 
of  these,  along  the  Drive,  European  lindens,  European 
silver  lindens,  and  weeping  European  silver  lindens. 

Now  we  have  come  to  a  spot  where  seats,  facing 
the  Drive,  are  placed  in  rows  beneath  rustling  lindens 
and  elms.  The  spot  is  dear  to  the  heart  of  the  park 
visitor  and  on  a  fine  day  when  the  driving  is  good, 
not  a  seat  is  empty.  The  parade  of  fashion  goes 
by,  the  golden  air  whispers  to  the  leaves  overhead, 
the  birds  carol  unseen  in  the  boughs,  and  cares  and 
troubles  are  forgotten.  Behind  this  lovely  spot  is  an 
ornamental  stone  urn  filled  with  the  pretty  bcllis  daisy 
and  azaleas.  Passing  on,  we  come  to  the  terrace  with 


49 

its  effective  stone  work.  The  face  of  its  wall  is  covered 
with  Eitonymus  radicans,  var.  varicgata.  Back  of 
this  place  the  velvet  lawns  are  gracefully  set  with 
choice  things.  Here  is  a  handsome  Teas's  weeping 
mulberry,  and,  in  spots,  clump  the  spike-like  leaves  of 
the  Yucca  filamentosa,  or  Adam's  needle,  which  send 
up  straight  shafts  from  their  midst,  in  mid-summer. 
At  the  top  of  the  shaft  its  bloom  breaks  forth  in  great 
heads  of  white  flowers.  Majestic  American  elms 
guard  the  upper  edge  of  this  lawn  in  a  kind  of  half 
ring  and  they  seem  to  have  been  just  the  right  trees 
to  set  off  the  foliage  of  the  basswoods,  silver  lindens, 
tulip  trees,  Norway  maples,  sugar  maples,  English  field 
maples  and  sycamore  maples  which  fill  this  lovely 
spot  with  their  shifting  shadows  and  whispering 
music. 

About  the  Restaurant  itself,  the  beautiful  things 
gathered  there  are  too  numerous  to  give  in  detail.  We 
can  point  out  only  a  few.  On  the  right,  as  you  face 
it  there  is  a  fine  copper  beech  with  rich  copper  colored 
leaves  and  a  Scotch  elm  grafted  on  the  stock  of  U linns 
fuk'a,  near  the  terrace  wall.  Near  the  path  at  the 
right-hand  end  of  the  Restaurant  you  will  find  the 
beautiful  little  Japan  parasol  tree  or  umbrella  pine 
(S  dado  pity  s  vertidllata)  with  leaves  in  whorls  of  thir- 
ty to  forty  at  the  extremities  of  the  branches.  Here, 
too,  are  many  Retinosporas,  among  them  a  very  hand- 
some squarrosa.  Clustered  about  the  eastern  end  of 
the  Restaurant,  close  by  it,  are  garden  hydrangea, 
dwarf  Japan  catalpa  and  weeping  Chinese  lilac.  On 
the  left  of  the  Restaurant,  close  by  it,  are  panicled  hy- 


clrangea,  garden  hydrangea  and  panicled  hydrangea 
again.  Close  by  the  little  path  on  the  left  of  the  Res- 
taurant is  a  handsome  Teas's  weeping  mulberry,  which 
you  may  know  by  its  mitten-like  leaves  so  characteristic 
of  the  mulberry.  Over  by  the  border  of  the  lawn, 
about  half  way  along  the  Walk  toward  the  driveway, 
you  will  find  another  weeping  tree,  which  at  a  distance 
closely  resembles  that  of  the  Teas's  weeping  mulberry. 
But  it  is  quite  different  when  you  look  at  its  leaves. 
This  is  the  Kilmarnock  weeping  willow,  and  it  is  a 
graft  on  the  stock  of  the  goat  willow  (Salix  caprea). 
as  its  leaves  show.  If  you  have  any  doubts  about  its 
being  a  willow,  come  here  early  in  spring  and  see  its 
little  "pussies"  scattered  all  along  its  stems.  Near  the 
Kilmarnock  willow  is  a  beautiful  double  red-flowering 
peach  tree.  Its  bloom  is  something  glorious,  breaking 
forth  in  early  May  into  bursts  of  rich  carmine-tinted 
flowers.  Catch  these  with  the  afternoon  sunshine  il- 
luminating them  and  you  will  have  a  sight  that  will 
be  with  you  many  a  day.  Further  along  on  the  Walk 
are  Picea  excelsa,  var.  Gregoryiana,  a  low  cushion-like 
variety  of  the  Norway  spruce,  known  at  once  by  its 
form,  which  makes  you  think  of  the  pictures  of  Eski- 
mo huts  in  the  geographies.  Follow  along  here  and 
you  pass  Swiss  stone  pine,  Kcclreuteria,  and  Ameri- 
can basswood  (tall  and  finely  grown),  and  at  the 
point  where  the  Walk  meets  the  Drive  at  your  right 
is  a  spice  bush  (Benzoin  benzoin)  with  a  silver  maple 
just  behind  it.  If  you  turn  back  again  now  and  walk 
toward  the  Arch  (Cleft  Ridge  Span)  you  pass  a  row 
cf  three  hickories,  the  far  one  being  small  mockernut ; 


then  several  European  flowering  ashes,  all  easily 
known  by  their  short,  squat  trunks,  gray  brittle-looking 
branches  and  compound  leaves.  Here,  too,  just  beyond 
the  flowering  ashes,  are  more  Koelreuterias,  weeping 
English  yew  and  well-grown  Sophora  Japonic  a  (one 
just  at  the  bend  of  the  border,  another  close  to  the 
Arch,  on  the  right  hand  side).  The  Sophora  Japonica 
is  an  exceedingly  interesting  tree,  and  you  meet  it  all 
over  the  Park.  It  is  well,  therefore,  to  learn  it  early. 
It  belongs  to  the  great  pulse  family,  Lcgiuninoscc,  as 
its  flowers  and  fruit  show ;  has  greenish  bark  and 
compound  leaves  which  by  the  beginner  are  often  mis- 
taken for  those  of  the  locust.  In  August  this  tree  puts 
forth  its  bloom — great  bunches  of  yellowish  white 
flowers,  which  later  develop  into  glossy  green  string- 
like  pods  that  show  very  conspicuously.  As  you  pass  the 
last  Sophora,  the  Walk  bends  in  sudden  graceful  curve 
to  the  right  toward  the  Cleft  Ridge  Span  and  just 
around  its  corner  you  meet  a  very  handsome  Retino- 
spora  sqnarrosa.  Its  soft,  silvery  green  foliage  is 
very  beautiful,  and  it  is  rising  in  an  exquisitely  sym- 
metrical cone.  At  one  time  I  thought  this  shrub  was 
surely  going  to  die,  but  it  has  recovered  its  vitality, 
and  since  I  have  known  it  has  almost  doubled  its 
height.  Beyond  it  and  up  the  bank  is  another  Camper- 
down  elm,  and  close  beside  the  top  of  the  Arch  another 
Sophora. 


Explanations,    Sectional   Diagram   No.  4 


COMMON  NAME 

1.  Tulip  tree. 

2.  Nordmann's   silver  fir. 

3.  European  linden. 

4.  European  silver  linden. 

5.  Sycamore  maple. 

6.  Ash-leaved  maple  or  box 

elder. 

7.  Bhotan  pine. 

8.  Colorado  blue  spruce. 

9.  Austrian  pine. 

10.  English  elm. 

11.  American  chestnut. 

12.  Large  flowered  syringa. 

13.  Thunberg's   barberry. 

14.  Van  Houtte's  spiraea. 

15.  Japan  plum. 

16.  Red  maple. 

17.  Pearl  bush. 

18.  Variegated   Weigela. 

19.  Mock    orange    or    sweet 

syringa. 

20.  American  hornbeam. 

21.  Lilac. 

22.  Cherry  birch. 

23.  Red  oak. 

24.  Choke  cherry. 

25.  Flowering  dogwood. 

26.  Paper  or  canoe  birch. 

27.  Swiss  stone  pine. 

28.  Common  locust. 

29.  Red-flowering    dogwood. 

30.  Camperdown  elm. 

31.  Silve'r  maple. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Liriodendron  tulipifera. 
Abies  Nordmanniana. 
Tilia  Europ&a. 
Tilia  Europaa,  var.  ar- 

gentea. 

Acer  pscudoplatanus. 
Negundo  accroides. 

Pinus  excelsa. 

Picea  pungens. 

Pinus  Austriaca. 

Ulmus  campestris. 

Costarica   saliva,  var.    Amer- 
icana. 

Philadelphus  grandifiorus. 

Bcrberis  Thunbergii. 

Spiraa  Van  Houttei. 

Prunus  triflora. 

Acer  rubrum. 

Exochorda  grandiflora. 

Diervilla  rosea,  var.  foliis 
varicgatis. 

Philadelphus  coronarius. 

Carpinus   Caroliniana. 

Syringa  vulgaris. 

Betula  lenta. 

Quercus  rubra. 

Prunus  Virginiana. 

Cornus  florida. 

Betula  papyrifera. 

Pinus   Cembra. 

Robinia  pseudacacia. 

Cornus  Horida,  var.  rubra. 

Ulmus    Montana,   var.   Cam- 

perdoivnii  pendula. 
Acer  dasycarpum. 


COMMON  NAME 


BOTANICAL  NAME 


32.  White  oak. 

33.  Mockernut  or  white- 

heart  hickory. 

34.  English  hawthorn. 

(Pink  double  flowers.) 

35.  American  white  ash. 

36.  Scarlet  oak. 

37.  Japan  snowball. 

38.  Witch  hazel. 

39.  Fragrant    honeysuckle. 

40.  Californian  privet. 

41.  Golden  bell  or  Forsythia. 

42.  Purple  barberry. 

43.  Common  barberry. 

44.  Black  oak. 

45.  Pignut  hickory. 

46.  Broad-leaved     European 

linden. 

47.  Norway    maple. 

48.  English   cork  bark  elm. 

49.  American  or  white  elm. 

50.  Siberian   pea  tree. 

51.  Yellow-wood. 

52.  Norway  spruce. 

53.  Hemlock. 

54.  English  field  maple. 

55.  American  white  or  gray 

birch. 

56.  Hop  tree  or  shrubby 

trefoil. 

57.  Koelreuteria. 

58.  European  beech. 

59.  Black  cherry. 

60.  Black  walnut. 

61.  Shellbark     or     shagbark 

hickory. 

62.  American  bassword. 

63.  Sassafras. 

64.  European  or  tree  alder. 


Quercus  alba. 
Carya  tomcntosa. 

Cratagus  oxyacantha. 

Fraxinus  Americana. 
Quercus  coccinea. 
Viburnum  plicatum. 
Hamamclis  Virginia-no. 
Loniccra   Fragrantissima. 
Ligustrum  ovalifolium. 
ForsytJiia  riridissima. 
Berbcris    vulgaris,   var.    pur 

purea. 

Berberis  vulgaris. 
Quercus   coccinea,   var.    tinc- 

toria. 

Carya  porcina. 
Tilia     Europcea,    var.     plati- 

phylla. 

Acer  platanoides. 
Ulmus    campcstris,  var.  sub 

erosa. 

Ulmus  Americana. 
Caragana  arborescens. 
Cladrastis  tinctoria. 
Picea  excelsa. 
Tsuga   Canadcnsis. 
Acer  campestrc. 
Betula  populifolia. 

Ptelea  trifoliata. 

Koelreuteria  paniculata. 
Fagus  sylvatica. 
Prunus  scrotina. 
Juglans  nigra. 
Carya  alba. 

Tilia  A  mericana. 
Sassafras  officinale. 
Alnus  glutinosa, 


IV. 
WILLINK  ENTRANCE  TO  IRVING  STATUE. 

In  this  article  we  :tart  at  Willink  Entrance,  left  hand 
path,  and,  passing  the  things  about  this  entrance  de- 
scribed in  chapter  two,  proceed  to  a  point  where  the 
path  forks  into  two  branches,  the  right  running  over  to 
the  Boat  House,  the  left  keeping  straight  on  and  paral- 
lel with  Ocean  Avenue.  We  take  the  left  and  go  south. 

Just  beyond  the  fork,  at  your  left,  are  dense  masses 
of  the  beautiful  Spircca  Van  Houttei,  which  in  June 
and  early  July  are  covered  with  clusters  of  white  flow- 
ers in  heads  that  hang  in  almost  bursting  profusion 
along  their  drooping,  slender  branches.  When  they  are 
in  full  bloom  they  seem  like  fountains  of  foam  stilled 
to  sudden  silence,  pictures  of  frozen  froth.  The  Spi- 
rcca Van  Houttei  is  very  much  like  its  sister,  the  Spi- 
rcca Reevesiana,  but  its  leaf  is  shorter  (rhombic-ovate) 
and  rounded  at  the  base ;  whereas,  the  leaf  of  the 
Reevesiana  is  more  lance-like  (lanceolate).  In  habit 
of  growth  the  Van  Houttei  is  arching  and  drooping, 
whereas  the  Recrcsiana  is  more  bush-like  in  character. 
As  these  are  the  more  widely  used  spiraeas  in  the 
Park,  it  is  well  to  note  their  differences. 

This  is  a  beautiful  section  of  the  Park  where  we 
are  now.  Here  the  tulip  trees  lift  up  the  magnificent 


58 

towers  of  their  strength;  here  the  chestnuts  unfold 
the  glory  of  their  leaves ;  here  the  dogwoods  star  the 
path  with  bloom,  here  the  birches  hang  the  golden  lace 
of  their  flowering  catkins,  decking  them  as  with  fairy 
vails.  Here  the  violets  spread  their  tender  blue,  lovely 
to  look  upon,  flushing  the  plushy  grass.  Here  the 
peabody  bird  sends  out  his  clear  sweet  call  in  the  leaf- 
less days  of  early  spring,  and  here  the  squirrel  threads 
his  trembling  highways,  while  the  breezes  come  and 
go  through  the  whispering  trees,  speaking  of  woodlands 
and  the  solace  of  green  things,  gently  waving  to  every 
breath  of  air. 

Beyond  the  Fan  Houttei  on  the  left  of  the  Walk, 
and  close  to  it,  there  are  two  majestic  tulip  trees,  which 
look  as  if  they  might  be  twin  columns  of  what  was 
once  some  noble  forest  Parthenon,  and  just  beyond 
them  you  will  find  (on  the  right)  more  bushes  of 
the  Spircea  Van  Houttei.  Back  of  these  are  a  row 
of  cherry  birches.  On  the  left,  as  you  pass  along, 
about  diagonally  opposite  the  Van  Houttei  is  a  good 
clump  of  the  pretty  Thunberg's  barberry  and 
a  choke  cherry  just  beyond  it.  At  this  point 
you  ought  to  be  about  opposite  a  lamp-post 
on  the  Drive;  and  about  midway  between  you 
and  the  post  is  a  fine  red  oak  (Quercus  rubra).  A 
little  further  on,  are  American  chestnut  and  then  sev- 
eral dogwoods  close  together.  Here  it  will  be  worth 
your  while  to  cut  across  to  the  Drive  for  a  moment 
and  have  a  look  at  the  things  on  edge  of  its  bank,  as  it 
bends  to  go  south.  Here  is  a  beautiful  white  canoe 
birch  and  almost  on  the  point  of  the  turn  a  good 


59 

Nordmann  silver  fir.  Just  south  of  the  Nordmann 
you  will  find  a  clump  of  three  Austrian  pines  bunched 
close  together  very  near  a  lamp-post.  The  little  coni- 
fer just  south-east  of  the  lamp-post  is  not  Austrian 
pine,  but  Swiss  stone  pine  (Pinus  Cembra). 

Let  us  now  come  back  to  the  path  again  and  continue 
on  south.  At  about  the  crest  of  the  rise,  on  your 
right,  you  will  find  black  oaks,  two  fairly  near  to- 
gether, tall,  strong,  majestic.  You  can  know  them 
by  their  hard,  dark,  grayish  bark,  and  strong, 
close  ridges.  Beyond,  you  pass  common  locust 
Robinia  pseudacacia,  just  over  the  brow  of  the  rise, 
as  the  path  begins  to  descend.  A  little  further  on,  if 
you  are  walking  in  dogwood  days,  you  will  have  a  treat 
indeed  in  the  little  clump  of  red-flowering  dogwood 
(Cormis  Honda,  var.  rubra).  There  are  several  of 
them  here,  on  the  left  of  the  Walk,  and  they  are  very 
dainty  and  delicate,  with  beautiful  rose-red  flower 
bracts  rolled  back  in  all  their  tender  loveliness.  Just 
beyond  these  dogwoods  you  meet  the  peculiar  Cam- 
perdown  elm  with  its  umbrella  shape,  several  of  which 
you  have  already  seen  over  by  Cleft  Ridge  Span.  You 
can't  mistake  this  tree  and  it  will  serve  as  a  land- 
mark to  find  the  things  about  it.  Almost  opposite 
to  it,  in  about  the  middle  of  the  grassy  slope,  between 
you  and  the  Drive,  is  a  fine  mockernut  hickory  (Carya 
touicntosa)  and  a  little  below  the  hickory  on  the 
slope  still,  is  a  goodly  Austrian  pine,  which  will  serve 
as  another  landmark.  Just  across  from  the  Austrian 
pine,  just  west  of  it  on  the  very  edge  of  the  Drive  is 
an  excellent  young  Nordmann's  silver  fir.  Coming 


6o 


back  to  the  Walk  again  below  the  Camperdown  elm 
and  directly  opposite  the  Austrian  pine  just  spoken  of 
are  two  lovely  little  pink  double  flowered  English 
hawthorns  (Cratccgus  oxycantha,  var.  flore  pleno). 
They  are  beautiful  things  to  see  in  May.  Don't 
miss  them.  Below  these,  you  meet  close  to  the  Walk, 
on  the  left,  another  mockernut  hickory  with  tall  straight 
trunk  so  characteristic  of  the  hickory,  and  very  close 
to  it,  hiding  just  behind  it  to  the  south-east  you  will 
find  the  beautiful  E.rochorda  grandiflora  or  pearl  bush, 
cultivated  from  China  for  its  large  white  flowers,  which 
have  spoon  shaped  petals,  and  come  out  in  long  axil- 
lary racemes  in  May  or  June.  It  is  a  very  beautiful 
shrub  and  gets  its  name  from  the  Latin  c.vo,  external 
and  chord e,  a  thong,  referring  to  the  structue  of  the 
fruit.  Opposite  the  E.rochorda  on  the  right  of  the  Walk 
and  close  by  its  border  is  Thunberg's  barberry  (Ber- 
beris  Thunbcrgii).  This  barberry  is  very  widely  used 
in  the  Park  and  it  is  well  to  get  to  know  it  early.  It 
is  a  dainty  shrub,  with  fine  delicate  brittle  leaves  and 
grows  low.  But  for  all  its  daintiness  it  has  plenty 
of  spikes  and  very  sharp  they  are  as  you  will  find 
if  you  get  too  familiar  with  it.  It  nestles  here  in 
two  large  clumps  on  either  side  of  a  majestic  tulip 
tree,  and  these  clumps  are  joyous  sights  in  late  au- 
tumn especially  if  you  come  upon  them  on  a  bright 
frosty  sunshiny  day  all  sparkling  with  the  jewels 
of  their  rich  red  berries.  Into  these  bushes  the  au- 
tumn winds  tearing  over  the  slope  drive  the  flying 
leaves  in  shoals  and  the  little  Thunbergs  seem  to  give 
them  restful  shelter  from  their  roaming  and  for  reward 


6i 


for  coming  to  them  hang  rubies  all  about  them.  But 
we  must  say  a  word  about  the  mighty  tulip  that  rises 
so  majestically  here.  It  is  one  of  the  handsomest 
tulip  trees  in  the  Park  and  magnificently  set,  especially 
if  you  see  it  from  a  point  a  little  further  along  on 
the  Walk.  It  rises  on  its  straight  columnar  trunk 
and  flings  out  its  branches  like  a  giant  stretching  his 
mighty  arms.  Come  here  and  see  it  when  it  sets  the 
blazonry  of  its  seed  "cones"  against  the  clear  blue 
of  the  winter's  sky.  Pure  white  they  gleam  in  the 
sunshine,  a  joy  to  your  eye,  thrilling  you  through  and 
through  with  their  beauty. 

Over  by  the  Drive  almost  directly  west  of  this  noble 
tulip  tree,  you  will  find  a  very  handsome  black  oak 
and  just  south  of  it,  along  the  Drive,  a  good  specimen 
of  scarlet  oak. 

Coming  back  to  the  Walk  again,  you  pass,  below 
the  stretch  of  Thunberg's  barberry,  great  masses 
of  the  Spircca  Van  Houttei  which  in  June  are  foaming 
fountains  of  white  bloom  and  further  along,  still  on 
your  right,  are  clusters  of  the  variegated  Weigela 
which,  in  June  also,  are  laden  with  beautiful 
funnel  form  flowers  so  fragrant  that  their  perfume 
is  almost  overpowering.  How  the  bees  love  them. 
They  crawl  into  their  fairy  crypts  and  go  to  sleep, 
rocked  in  their  pearly  walls  as  in  a  cradle,  swaying  with 
the  gentle  zephyrs  of  June.  On  the  left  of  the  Walk, 
just  below  the  Weigela  are  fragrant  honeysuckle 
(Loniccra  fragrantissiiua)  bushes  covered  in  very  early 
spring  with  sweet  smelting  frost-white  flowers  softly 
tinged  with  yellow.  Below  the  honeysuckle  bushes 


62 


are  clumps  of  Californian  privet  and  set  in  between  the 
privet  and  the  honeysuckle  is  a  lovely  ash-leaved  maple 
which  leans  out  over  the  Walk,  and,  in  early  spring, 
(April),  drapes  its  boughs  with  the  fairy  reddish  lace 
of  its  flower  clusters.  In  its  blooming  the  ash-leaved 
iraple  is  the  very  essence  of  grace  and  loveliness.  Very 
close  to  the  fragrantissima  and  about  opposite  the  sec- 
ond clump  of  Wcigela,  you  will  find  witch  hazel.  Try 
to  see  it  in  the  autumn  when  it  sets  all  its  tiny  yel- 
low ribbons  of  bloom  fluttering  in  the  air.  You  can 
know  it  by  its  oval  lop-sided  leaves.  All  these  are 
on  the  left  of  the  Walk.  On  the  right,  about  opposite 
this  point,  are  masses  of  common  and  purple  barberry 
and  Forsythia  inridissima,  at  the  bend  of  the  cross 
walk  which  leads  over  to  the  Flower  Garden.  Just 
back  of  these  there  are  magnificent  clumps  of  Japan 
snowball  (Viburnum  plicatum)  which  in  late  May 
or  June  are  hung  heavily  with  great  balls  of  white 
bloom. 

Now  you  have  come  to  a  second  cross  path,  one 
end  of  which  (the  left)  runs  out  to  a  little  swing 
gate  opposite  Lincoln  Road,  the  other  leads  across 
the  Drive  to  the  Flower  Garden.  Close  by  the  little 
swing  gate  are  two  stalwart  black  walnuts.  Keeping 
on  straight  ahead  almost  opposite  the  carriage  way 
to  the  rear  of  the  Restaurant,  almost  in  the  middle 
of  the  grassy  bank  on  your  right,  rises  a  European 
linden  (Tilia  Europea)  of  the  true  type,  with  fine 
leaves  delicately  cut  and  long  sweeping  drooping  lower 
branches.  This  tree  has  the  true  dusky  smoky  black 
of  the  European  linden.  A  little  further,  directly  oppo- 


63 

site  the  Restaurant's  driveway  is  a  fine  Norway  maple 
and  there  are  more  of  them  right  around  it  here.  Close 
beside  the  driveway,  further  on,  not  far  from  a  lamp- 
post, you  will  find,  English  cork-bark  elm  (Ulnins 
suberosa)  which  you  can  know  at  once  by  its  heavy 
cork-ridged  limbs  and  rugged  trunk.  The  tree  has  a 
rough,  tough  expression  which  you  can  easily  get  to 
know  on  sight.  Lamp-posts  are  good  landmarks  and 
very  near  to  the  one  here,  just  east  of  it,  close  by  the 
Walk,  is  a  fine  sycamore  maple  (Acer  pseudo- 
platanus).  It  gets  its  name  from  a  resem- 
blance of  its  leaves  to  those  of  the  common 
buttonball  (Platanns),  "false-platanus."  Compare 
the  leaves  .of  the  two  trees.  On  the  oppo- 
site side  of  the  Walk,  a  little  below  the  syca- 
more maple  you  will  find  the  pretty  Siberian  pea  tree 
(Caragana  arboresccns)  with  its  leaflets  in  pairs  and 
}ellow  flowers  when  in  bloom  and,  below  the  Siberian 
pea,  stands  a  yellowwood.  Opposite  the  Siberian  pea 
tree,  on  the  right  of  the  Walk  is  a  black  cherry 
(Primus  serotirm)  which  you  can  pick  out  at  onc£ 
by  its  rough,  scaly  bark.  Its  bark  makes  you  think 
something  of  the  Kentucky  coffee  tree,  but  the  coffee 
tree  excels  it  in  roughness.  On  the  border  of  the 
Drive  a  little  south  and  west  of  the  black  cherry  is 
a  small  hemlock,  with  its  fine  and  feathery  foliage 
waving  a  pleasing  contrast.  There  is  always  a  forest 
glint  about  the  foliage  of  the  hemlock.  Opposite  the 
hemlock  is  Norway  maple,  and  another  just  south, 
near  the  border  of  the  Drive.  Then  come  a  few  Eng- 
lish field  maples  (Acer  campestre)  with  short  sturdy 


64 

trunks  and  branches  thrown  squarely  out  from  the 
shoulder.  The  bark  of  these  is  rough  and  tough  like 
the  bark  of  the  English  elm.  The  tree  has  much  the 
look  of  a  Norway  maple  and  especially  so  at  the  time 
of  bloom,  for  its  flowers  are  corymbiform  like  those 
of  the  Norway  and  have  very  much  the  same  appear- 
ance. But  they  are  of  a  duller  green.  The  leaf  of 
the  English  maple  has  a  squarish,  bluntish  cut,  is 
rather  small  and  usually  five  lobed.  In  general,  it 
looks  like  a  smaller  edition  of  the  leaf  of  the  Norway 
maple,  with  lobes  trimmed  short  and  rounded.  It  is 
a  sturdy  stocky  tree  and  one  you  grow  to  love  dearly. 
You  are  now  very  near  the  Irving  Statue  and  the 
Drive  crossing.  Just  before  you  come  to  the  cross- 
ing, a  few  feet  in  front  of  the  lamp-post  which  stands 
on  the  extreme  turn  O'f  the  Walk,  on  the  edge  of  the 
border,  you  come  to  a  tree  which  it  is  well  to  get  to 
know  early  in  your  rambles  for  you  meet  it  all  over 
the  Park.  It  is  not  a  large  tree,  and  grows  generally 
with  a  rather  round-headed  form,  "all  head  and  shoul- 
ders." It  is  the  Kcelreuteria  paniculata  from  China 
and  takes  its  name  from  Koelreuter,  a  German  bota- 
nist. You  may  easily  know  it  by  its  pinnate  leaves 
made  up  of  about  a  dozen  coarsely  toothed  leaflets. 
In  early  July  this  tree  bears  great  clusters  of  hand- 
some yellow  flowers  which  at  once  mark  it  from  afar. 
These  flowers  ripen  quickly  into  strange  looking  blad- 
dery pods  which  are  very  conspicuous  and  very  queer 
looking  objects  to  the  eye  that  knows  them  not.  They 
are  especially  noticeable  in  autumn.  This  particular 
Kcclreutcria  before  us  now  stands,  as  has  been  said, 


65 

almost  at  the  end  of  the  right  hand  bank  of  the  Walk, 
just  where  the  Walk  meets  the  Drive  to  cross  over  to 
the  terrace  wall  of  the  Flower  Garden. 

To  go  back  a  moment,  notice  about  opposite  the  hem- 
lock and  the  Norway  maple  which  you  passed  just 
above,  the  fine  yellow-wood  with  its  smooth  branches 
and  long  compound  leaves.  You  can  pick  out  a  yel- 
low-wood almost  by  the  look  of  its  bark,  a  smooth 
slate  gray,  not  quite  so  light  and  plump  as  the  beech 
nor  so  silvery  as  the  silver  linden  but  nevertheless 
very  smooth  and  satin-like  to  the  eye,  especially  in 
winter.  Its  leaves  are  compound,  alternate  and  odd- 
pinnate  with  the  bases  of  the  petioles  hollow.  The 
leaves  are  made  up  of  from  seven  to  eleven  oval  or 
ovate  leaflets  about  three  to  four  inches  long  and 
are  of  a  beautiful  light  green  color.  The  flowers  of 
the  yellow-wood  are  very  dainty  and  pretty  and  hang 
in  long  drooping  panicles  of  pure  white  in  late  June 
or  early  July  with  something  of  the  fragrance  of  the 
common  locust's  flowers.  The  flowers  develop  into 
pods  about  two  inches  long  and  are  ripe  in  August. 

About  opposite  the  Koclreutcria,  on  your  left,  as  you 
walk  on  south,  you  pass  an  interesting  bush  with  its 
k-aves  in  threes.  It  is  the  Ptclca  trifoliate,  the  hop 
tree  or  shrubby  trefoil.  It  gets  its  name  Ptclea  from 
its  fruit,  which  is  elm-like,  ptclca  being  Greek  for 
elm.  Its  fruit  is  wafer  like,  and  does  indeed  look 
very  much  like  the  samara  of  the  elm,  but  on  an  en- 
larged scale.  This  shrub  blooms  in  June  with  green- 
ish white  flowers  in  terminal  heads  or  cymes  and 
these  in  turn  develop  into  conspicuous  clusters  of 


66 


wafer-like  fruit  with  broad  winged  margins  notched 
a  little  at  the  ends.  There  are  many  of  these  shrubs 
in  the  Park  and  quite  a  number  of  them  are  of  the 
golden  leaved  variety,  with  bright  yellow  leaves  in 
early  spring  and  summer.  Beyond  the  Ptelea,  on  the 
same  side  of  the  Walk,  you  will  find  another  Koclren- 
teria  and  beyond  the  Koclr criteria,  European  beech. 
This  brings  us  to  the  Irving  Statue,  directly  opposite 
the  Flower  Garden. 


Explanations,    Sectional   Diagram   No.    5 


COMMON  NAME 

1.  Single-leaved  European 

ash. 

2.  European  beech. 

3.  Swiss  stone  pine. 

4.  Reeve's    spiraea.      (Dou- 

ble flowered). 
.5.  Black  or  pear  hawthorn. 

6.  Reeve's   spiraea.     (Single 

flowered). 

7.  Van  Houtte's  spiraea. 

8.  European  flowering  ash. 

9.  Shadbush,  June  berry,  or 

service  berry. 

10.  Fragrant  honeysuckle. 

11.  Weigela. 

12.  Ninebark. 

13.  Striped  maple  or  moose- 

wood. 

14.  Fringe  tree. 

15.  Hemlock. 

16.  Yellow-wood. 

17.  Weigela. 

18.  Paper  or  canoe  birch. 

19.  Norway  spruce. 

20.  American   white  ash. 

21.  Hop  tree  or  shrubby 

trefoil. 

22.  Judas  tree  or  redbud. 

23.  Red  cedar. 

24.  Pyramidal  variety  of 

American  arbor  vitae. 

25.  Oriental    spruce. 

26.  Black  haw. 

27.  Silver   maple. 

28.  Red  maple. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Fraxinus  excelsior,  var. 

monophylla. 
Fagus  sylvatica. 
Pinus    Cembra. 
Spircca  Rcevcsiana,  var.  ftorc 

plena. 

Cratccgus  tomcntosa. 
Spircea    Rcevcsiana. 


Van  Houttci. 
Fraxinus  ornus. 
Amelanchicr  Canadcnsis. 

Lome  era  fragrantissima. 
Diervilla  amabilis. 
Physocarpus  (or  Spircca)  op 

uli  folia. 
Acer  Pennsylvanicum. 

Chionanthus  Virginica. 
Tsuga  Canadcnsis. 
Cladrastis    tinctoria. 
Diervilla  amabilis. 
Betula  papyrifcra. 
Picea  excclsa. 
Fraxinus  Americana. 
Ptelea  trifoliata. 

Cercis   Canadensis. 
Juniper  us    Virginiana. 
Thuya  occidcntalis,  var.  pyra- 

midalis. 

Picea   Oricntalis. 
Viburnum  prunifoliuin 
Acer  dasycarpnni. 
Acer   rubnun. 


COMMON  NAME 


BOTANICAL  NAME 


29.  Norway  maple. 

30.  Flowering    dogwood. 

31.  European  linden. 

32.  Broad-leaved  European 

linden. 

33.  European  silver  linden. 

34.  Weeping    European    sil- 

ver linden. 

35.  Bridal  wreath  spiraea. 

36.  European     silver  linden. 

37.  Cucumber  tree. 

38.  Umbrella  tree. 

39.  Sycamore  maple. 

40.  Arrowwood. 

41.  Tulip  tree. 

42.  Austrian   pine. 

43.  Fly  honeysuckle. 

44.  Bristly  locust. 

45.  Silver  bell  or  snowdrop 

tree. 

46.  False  indigo. 

47.  Washington  thorn. 

48.  Chinese  quince. 

49.  English  elm. 

50.  Kentucky  coffee  tree. 

51.  Black    cherry. 

52.  Choke  cherry. 

53.  English  hawthorn. 

54.  Weigela. 

55.  Ash-leaved  maple  or  box 

elder. 

56.  Sycamore  maple. 

57.  Sassafras. 

58.  White   pine. 

59.  Flowering  dogwood. 

60.  Persimmon. 

61.  American  hornbeam. 

62.  Cherry  birch. 

63.  Broad-leaved     European 

linden. 


Acer  platanoides. 

Cornus  Horida. 

Tilia  Europoza. 

Tilia     Europata,     var.     plati- 

phylla. 
Tilia    Europcea,    var.    argen- 

tea    (or  alba). 
Tilia  Europaa,  var.  argcntca 

(or  alba}  pendula. 
Spircca  prunifolia. 
Tilia  Europcca,  var.  argcntca 

(or  alba}. 

Magnolia  acuminata. 
Magnolia  umbrella. 
Acer  pseudoplatanus. 
Viburnum  dent  a  turn. 
Liriode  n  dro  n   tu  lip  if  era. 
Pinus  Austria  ca. 
Lonicera  xylosteum. 
Robinia  hispida. 
Halesia  tetraptera. 

Amorpha  fructicosa. 
Cratagus  cordata. 
Cydonia  Sinensis. 
Ulmus   campestris. 
Gymnocladus  Canadcnsis. 
Primus  scrotina. 
Prunus  Virginiana. 
Cratagus  oxyacantha. 
Dicrvilla  amabilis. 
Negundo  aceroides. 

Acer  pseudoplatanus. 
Sassafras  oflicinale. 
Pinus  strobus. 
Cornus  florida. 
Diospyros  Virginiana. 
Carpinus  Caroliniana. 
Be  tula  lenta. 
Tilia  Europcea,  var.  plati- 
phylla. 


COMMON  NAME  BOTANICAL  NAME 

64.  E road-leaved     European  Tilia  Euroficca,  var.  plati- 

linden.  phylla. 

65.  Kcelretiteria.  Kaclrcutcria  paniculata. 

66.  English  field  maple.          Acer  campcstrc. 

67.  Lilac.     (White  flowers.)  Syringa  vulgaris,  var.   alba. 


V. 
IRVING  STATUE  TO  OCEAN  AVENUE  ENTRANCE. 

In  this  ramble  we  start  at  the  Irving  Statue,  op- 
posite the  Flower  Garden,  and  walk  south  to  Ocean 
Avenue  Gate.  Along  this  Walk  there  are  many  in- 
teresting things  to  see. 

Just  below  the  Statue,  at  the  left  of  the  Walk,  as 
you  face  south  you  find  the  queer  single-leaved  ash 
(Fraxinus  excelsior,  var,  monophylld).  It  is  queer, 
because,  as  a  rule,  ash  trees  have  compound  leaves. 
You  can  know  it  at  once  by  its  thick,  rough,  heavy 
looking  bark.  A  glance  at  this  alone  gives  you  the  hint 
of  its  kinship  with  Fraxinus.  Try  to  see  it  in  the 
early  spring,  when  it  sends  out  little  spurts  of  fine 
purplish  bloom,  peculiar  sights  on  its  bare  branches, 
looking  very  much  like  small  tufted  plumes.  Below 
the  single-leaved  ash  is  a  handsome  European  beech, 
easily  known  by  its  smooth  gray  bark,  and  wavy,  hairy 
margins  of  its  leaves  which  are  not  toothed.  Below  the 
beech  is  a  good  sized  young  Swiss  stone  pine  (Finns 
Cembra).  This  tree  is  doing  well  here  and  in  winter  is 
very  handsome  with  its  rich  dark  green,  lightened  a  lit- 
tle by  the  glaucous  bloom  on  its  leaves.  If  you  ex- 
amine the  leaves  of  this  tree  you  find  that  they  are 
clustered  five  in  a  fascicle  and  are  distinctly  three 


73 

sided  in   shape.     Cut  a  leaf  across  and  you  have  a 
perfect  triangle. 

On  the  right  of  the  Walk,  close  beside  the  Drive 
and  just  back  of  the  lamp-post  there,  you  will  find 
a  well  grown  hawthorn,  very  handsome  in  May,  with 
abundant  white  flowers,  in  showy  heads.  It  is  the 
black  or  pear  hawthorn,  (Cratcugus  touientosa).  Near 
it,  but  overarching  the  Walk  is  the  interesting  shad- 
bush  (Amclanchier  Canadensis)  or  June  berry.  It 
blooms  in  late  April  and  tips  up  its  little  white,  cherry- 
like  blossoms  in  racemes  at  the  ends  of  its  branches, 
before  the  leaves  are  fully  out.  They  are  very  dainty 
and  fairy-like  and  sights  you  love  to  see  when  so  many 
limbs  are  bare  and  wintry  looking.  The  Amclanchier, 
speaking  of  winter,  has  a  mark  by  which  you  can  know 
it  afar  off.  Once  get  in  your  eye  its  silvery  gray  bark 
marked  with  fine  streaking  lines  and  you  will  never 
forget  the  shadbush.  To  the  right  of  the  shadbush, 
near  the  Drive  are  European  flowering  ashes  (Fra.vi- 
nus  ornus)  easily  picked  out  by  their  short  squat 
trunks,  brittle,  grayish  branches  and  compound 
leaves.  The  leaflets  have  their  edges  crinkled 
and  curled.  Passing  on,  we  come  to  masses  of 
Wcigcla,  covered  in  June  with  sweet  smell- 
ing rose-pink  flowers.  Back  of  the  masses  of 
Wcigcla,  half  hidden  by  them,  a  young  striped  maple 
(Acer  Pennsyk'anicnni)  lifts  up  its  slender  stretch  of 
bark  which  it  is  worth  while  to  stop  and  look  at.  Do 
you  see  those  pretty  fine  lines  striping  it  so  gracefully. 
From  these  it  gets  its  common  name.  Its  leaves  are 
broad,  three  lobed,  with  beautiful,  long  pointed  tips. 


74 


But  the  best  sight  the  striped  maple  has  to  show  is 
its  bloom.  Try  to  catch  it  in  late  April  or  early 
May,  when  it  is  letting  down  its  lovely  fairy-like  ra- 
cemes of  tenderest  green.  It  is  then  the  very  essence 
of  grace  and  delicacy.  The  leaf  of  the  striped  maple 
has  a  decided  goose-foot  look.  Beyond  the  striped 
maple  are  European  beech  (note  its  tender  leaves  with 
edges  entire,  frilled  with  delicate  hairs)  and  European 
flowering  ash  again. 

A  few  feet  further  along,  on  the  right  of  the  Walk 
we  meet  a  yellow-wood,  and  back  of  the  yellow-wood, 
about  half  way  toward  the  Drive  is  a  white  paper 
or  canoe  birch  (Betula  papyrifera).  As  there  are  sev- 
eral varieties  of  white  birch  near  here,  it  is  a  good 
place  to  note  their  distinguishing  features.  The 
canoe  or  paper  birch  has  long,  ovate,  taper-pointed, 
heart-shaped  leaves ;  the  American  white  or  gray  birch 
has  triangular  shaped  leaves,  very  conspicuously  taper 
pointed  and  very  truncate  at  their  broad  bases.  This 
is  the  Betula  populifolia  or  poplar  leaved  birch.  If 
you  know  the  leaf  of  the  Lombardy  poplar  you  will  see 
the  significance  of  this  name.  Another  white  birch, 
very  frequent  in  the  Park  is  the  European  white  birch, 
Betula  alba,  with  rather  deltoid  leaves  and,  in  the  cut- 
leaved  variety,  laciniata,  very  beautifully  in-cut.  These 
are  the  usual  varieties  of  the  white  birch  in  the  Park 
and  you  can  tell  them  at  once  by  their  leaves.  The 
canoe  birch,  at  its  best,  has  a  brilliant  chalky  white 
bark,  a  very  beautiful  specimen  of  which  you  will 
find  near  the  Plaza  Entrance,  described  in  the  first 
chapter  of  this  book. 


75 

But,  to  go  on,  we  find  some  more  yellow-woods 
and  then  three  very  beautiful  European  beeches.  Com- 
pare their  soft,  toothless  leaves  with  those  of  our  own 
beech.  Our  own  is  strongly  toothed,  and  looks  like 
a  broadened  form  of  the  chestnut  leaf.  Then  we 
come  to  Norway  spruce,  sparse  and  thin,  not  doing 
very  well  for  some  reason  and  then  to  a  lusty  paper 
birch,  side  by  side  with  European  beech.  Next  to 
these  we  have  a  good  tall  American  white  ash  and 
beyond  the  ash,  hop  tree  (Ptelea  trifoliata).  Then 
come  Kcclrcuteria,  American  ash  again,  (close  beside 
the  Walk)  with  its  strongly  individualized  bark,  and 
then  sturdy  English  maple  (Acer  campestre}.  If  you 
should  happen  to  see  an  English  maple  bloom  don't 
mistake  it  for  a  Norway  maple,  as  I  have  frequently 
known  people  to  do.  It  has  its  flowers  in  a  corymb 
like  that  of  the  Norway  maple  but  its  green  is  darker. 
Look  at  the  leaves.  They  will  set  you  right.  A  lit- 
tle open  stretch  follows  and  we  come  to  American  ash 
again.  Just  beyond,  indeed  almost  beside  it,  we  meet 
an  evergreen  which  at  once  arrests  attention  by  its 
beautiful  dark  green  short  blunt  leaves.  If  you  look 
at  its  bark  you  will  see  that  it  is  dashed  and  splashed 
with  grayish-white.  This  grayish-white  is  resin  and 
the  tree  is  a  fine  specimen  of  Oriental  spruce  (Picea 
Orientalis).  It  is  distinctly  conical  in  form  and  you 
can  tell  it  by  this  shape,  and  by  its  blunt,  short,  dark 
green  needles  scarcely  half  an  inch  long. 

Up  to  this  point,  easily  marked  by  the  conical  form 
of  the  Oriental  spruce,  you  have  passed  on  your  left, 
beginning  at  the  Irving  Statue,  single  leaved  ash,  Eu- 


76 


ropean  beech,  Swiss  stone  pine,  double  flowered 
spircca  (very  handsome  in  July),  fragrant  honeysuckle 
(Lonicera  fragrdntissima)  and  fringe  tree  (Chionan- 
thus  Virginica),  opposite  the  yellow-wood.  We  must 
stop  here  to  say  a  word  about  the  fringe  tree.  If  ever 
a  thing  botanical  was  well  named,  this  is.  Come  and 
see  it  in  flower  in  June  when  it  is  draped  through  and 
through  with  beautiful  fringe-like  bloom,  so  purely 
white,  that  it  has  won  its  other  name  Chionanthus  from 
the  Greek  words  for  snow  and  blossom.  The  white 
petals  are  an  inch  long  and  very  slender.  The  fruit 
of  the  tree  is  a  blue  purple  berry  which  the  birds 
love  dearly.  Beyond  the  fringe  tree  and  considerably 
to  its  left,  standing  quite  alone  in  a  lovely  open  space, 
where  in  June  it  is  knee  deep  in  waving  grasses,  stands 
a  graceful  young  hemlock.  It  stands  so  conspicuously 
alone,  you  cannot  mistake  it.  The  hemlock  is  to  me 
a  tree  full  of  grace  and  loveliness.  Every  breeze  that 
blows  moves  its  fine  fingering  branches  which  flutter 
tenderly  and  seem  to  reach  for  the  passing  breeze  and 
play  with  it  as  with  living  fingers.  If  you  go  near 
to  it,  when  the  breeze  is  whispering  to  it,  how  delicate 
is  the  music  of  its  leaves. 

Passing  on,  along  the  Walk  we  meet  another  fine 
yellow-wood,  with  antler-like  growth  of  branches, 
smooth  and  clean  cut  of  limb,  a  delight  to  the  eye. 
Beyond  the  yellow-wood  a  burst  of  Weigela  will  wel- 
come you  with  lovely  pink  and  white  corollas  if  you 
ramble  here  in  June  and,  considerably  along  the  path, 
about  opposite  a  European  beech,  is  the  stump  of  a 
Judas  tree.  It  was  once  a  beauty  but  disasters  of 


77 

winter,  ice  and  sleet  and  whistling  winds  have  not 
left  much  of  it.  As  you  go  on  south,  you  come  to  three 
tall  spire-like  trees,  with  their  tops  a  little  bent  from 
the  perpendicular.  The  first  is  a  red  cedar,  the  other 
two,  southward,  are  American  arbor  vitse  of  the  vari- 
ety "pyramidalis"  (Thuya  occidentals,  "car.  pyram- 
idalis). Their  tops  were  bent  by  ice  storms.  I  passed 
them  one  winter  not  long  ago  after  an  ice  storm  had 
swept  the  Park  with  its  lovely  beauty  but  awful  havoc 
and  these  three  trees  were  bowed,  as  if  in  prayer, 
their  heads  bent  almost  to  the  ground,  glittering  with 
ice- jewels,  but  almost  ready  to  crack  apart.  When  the 
sun  came  with  its  silent  golden  hammers  and  broke 
the  fettering  ice,  they  lifted,  but  they  never  regained 
the  straight  minaret-like  spires  of  their  former  days. 
Just  beyond  these  three  trees  you  come  to  two  more 
Oriental  spruces,  known  at  once,  as  has  been  said, 
by  their  dark  green  masses  of  foliage,  short, 
blunt  needles,  conical  forms  and  resin  painted  trunks. 
They  stand  just  a  few  feet  south  of  their  handsome 
kinsman  on  the  other  side  of  the  Walk. 

Let  us  come  back  now  to  this  very  tree  where  we 
left  off  and  follow  the  path  southwards,  noting 
the  things  on  the  right  hand  side  until  we  come  to 
a  point  that  cannot  be  mistaken.  Then  we  will  come 
back  again  and  note  the  things  on  the  left  of  the  Walk. 

We  start  with  the  Oriental  spruce  on  the  right  of 
the  Walk.  Nestling  close  behind  the  conifer,  like  a 
shy  young  girl  behind  her  grandfather,  peeps  out  a 
dainty  little  black  haw  (Viburnum  prunifolium)  with 
oval,  smooth,  finely-cut  leaves.  In  May  it  is  covered 


with  flowers  in  flat-topped  clusters  and  in  Septem- 
ber it  is  hung  full  of  blue  black  sweet  berries.  In 
form  it  looks  like  a  hawthorn  but  you  will  not  find 
any  thorns  on  it.  Not  far  from  the  black  haw  a  good 
sized  silver  maple  flings  over  the  Walk  the  dancing 
shade  of  its  finely  cut  leaves.  The  silver  maple  has 
become  so  common  as  a  street  tree  in  cities  that 
many  pass  it  by  with  but  little  notice.  Yet  what  a 
beautifully  cut  leaf  it  has.  Close  to  the  silver 
maple  stands  a  red  maple.  You  will  know 
it  by  its  three  pointed  or  lobed  leaf.  There  are 
several  of  these  red  maples  very  close  together  here 
and  very  beautiful  they  are  in  early  spring,  when  their 
boughs  are  covered  with  dainty  crimson  flowers.  Then 
you  can  see  and  know  them  afar  off.  A  little  further 
along  stands  a  fine  Norway  maple,  equally  handsome 
in  spring  when  it  sets  its  brilliant  green  corymb-like 
flowers  in  an  almost  uncontrollable  burst  of  bloom 
all  over  its  branches.  Then  come  dogwood,  so  lovely 
in  May,  and  European  linden  of  the  broad-leaved  vari- 
ety, (Tilia  Europcea,  var:  platyphylla) ,  then  a  well 
grown  fringe  tree  and  then  a  plump  silver  linden  ( Tilia 
Eur opera,  var.  argentea  or  alba)  with  well  defined  su- 
gar-loaf form,  light  ashen  gray  or  mouse  gray,  smooth 
bark,  and  large  cordate  or  sub-orbicular  leaves,  smooth 
dark  green  on  top,  but  very  white  and  silvery  on  the 
undersides.  You  cannot  mistake  this  tree.  Its  limbs 
spring  out  from  the  trunk  low  down.  It  is  a  very  hand- 
some tree  and  when  the  wind  plays  with  its  large 
silvery  leaves,  the  whole  tree  fairly  burns  with  life 
and  light.  Beyond  you  will  find  the  pendulous  variety 


79 

of  this  species  of  European  silver  linden,  with  leaves 
noticeably  shorn  off  sharply  on  one  side.  The  next 
larger  tree  on  this  side  of  the  Walk  is  European  silver 
linden  again,  and  in  between  the  two  silver  lindens, 
is  a  lovely  specimen  of  the  bridal  wreath  spiraea  (Spi- 
rcca  prunifolia).  This  spiraea  bears  white  wreath-like 
flowers,  hanging  four  or  five  together  in  little 
bunches  or  umbels  all  along  the  gracefully  bending 
stems.  It  blooms  in  late  April  or  early  May.  Be- 
,yond  the  silver  linden  is  cucumber  tree  (Magnolia 
acinninata) ,  easily  known  by  its  pale  green,  thin  leaves, 
pointed  at  both  ends,  and  from  five  to  ten  inches  long. 
Its  fruit  grows  to  resemble  a  small  sized  cucumber, 
whence  its  name.  This  fruit  is  very  conspicuous  in 
early  autumn,  showing  crimson  through  its  leaves  at 
quite  a  distance.  Not  far  from  the  cucumber  tree, 
closer  down  to  the  Drive  is  an  umbrella  tree  and  as 
these  trees  are  often  mistaken  for  each  other,  it  is 
a  good  place  to  note  how  different  they  are,  as  they 
stand  here  almost  side  by  side.  The  umbrella  tree 
is  Magnolia  umbrella  and  has  very  large  paddle-shaped 
leaves  from  one  to  two  feet  long.  They  grow  clus- 
tered together  at  the  ends  of  the  branches  and  hang 
down  in  a  very  umbrella-like  way.  The  tree's  habit  of 
growing  its  leaves  in  this  manner  has  given  it  its  com- 
mon name.  Its  bark  has  the  magnolia  look,  but  the 
bark  of  the  cucumber  tree  is  almost  elm-like  in  char- 
acter. Looking  at  its  bark  alone  you  would  never 
think  it  to  be  a  magnolia.  The  cucumber  tree  has 
pale  yellowish-green  flowers  and  the  umbrella  tree 
white  flowers.  "Roth  bloom  some  time  in  May.  Beyond 


8o 


the  cucumber  tree  is  a  fine  sycamore  maple,  then  dog- 
wood, and  then  an  excellent  tulip  tree  which  in  June 
loads  itself  with  handsome  chalice-like  flowers,  green- 
ish yellow.  Nestling  close  beside  the  tulip  is  a  beautiful 
clump  of  arrowwood  (Viburnum  dentatum)  with 
leaves  exquisitely  cut  (dentatum)  all  round  their  mar- 
gins. You  will  know  it  by  its  saw-cut  leaves.  This 
tulip  tree  stands  about  directly  opposite  the  open  space 
of  the  Drive  which  leads  into  the  "Carriage  Con- 
course." 

Up  to  this  point,  you  have  passed  on  the  left  begin- 
ning at  the  spot  where  the  Oriental  spruces  stand  close 
together,  about  opposite  the -handsome  one  on  the  right 
of  the  Walk  mentioned  above ; — red  maple,  silver  ma- 
ple (opposite  Norway  maple),  European  linden  (Tilia 
Europaa),  opposite  dogwood,  European  linden  again 
(opposite  two  fine  trees  of  the  same  kind).  Notice 
the  dusky,  smoky  look  of  its  bark  and  the  almost 
sooty  black  of  its  branches.  Then  come  three  rather 
scrawny  specimens  of  hemlock,  one  after  the  other. 
For  some  reason  they  do  not  seem  to  be  doing  very 
well.  They  stand  about  opposite  the  bridal-wreath 
spirsea.  Norway  spruce,  thin  and  scant  of  leaf,  stands 
about  opposite  the  sycamore  maple,  and  Austrian  pine 
about  opposite  the  handsome  tulip  spoken  of  above. 

Now  let  us  go  along  from  the  tulip  tree  again, 
continuing  south,  noting  the  things  on  the  right  of 
the  Walk.  Just  beyond  it  is  bridal-wreath  spiraea 
again,  then  fringe  tree  and  then  a  soft  leaved  honey- 
suckle with  yellow-white  flowers  in  late  May  or  early 
June.  This  is  Lonicera  .rylostciim  and  its  flowers  are 


8i 


often  slightly  tinged  with  red.  They  are  two  lipped 
and  the  upper  lip  (the  broad  one)  is  four-notched.  Its 
leaf  is  broadly  oval,  of  a  dull  green,  very  pubescent 
when  young,  but  gets  smooth  later  on.  It  is  about  from 
one  to  three  inches  long.  This  bush  bears  dark  red 
berries.  The  flowers  are  white  at  first  but  soon 
change  to  yellow.  Just  beyond  this  honeysuckle  you 
come  to  a  cluster  of  three  sycamore  maples,  fine  trees 
all  of  them,  with  large,  splendidly  developed  leaves. 
You  remember  this  sycamore  maple  has  leaves  very 
much  like  the  American  buttonwood.  From  this  re- 
semblance it  gets  its  botanical  name  pscudo — (false) 
and  platan  us  (plane  tree  or  buttonwood).  The  flowers 
of  the  sycamore  maple  are  very  curious  looking  things. 
They  come  soon  after  the  leaves  appear,  in  long,  pen- 
dulous cone-shaped  racemes  of  dull  green.  They  are 
quite  conspicuous  and  you  cannot  fail  to  see  them  if 
you  are  near  the  tree  at  its  flowering  time.  These 
racemes  soon  develop  into  close  clusters  of  fruit  called 
"keys"  or  "samaras."  The  leaf  of  the  sycamore 
maple  is  thick  and  coarse  of  texture,  cordate,  with 
five  lobes  crenately  toothed  and  always  on  noticeably 
reddish  stems  or  petioles.  The  fruit  hangs  on  the 
tree  long  after  the  leaves  fall  in  the  autumn.  After 
the  sycamore  maples  you  meet  a  bush  of  rambling 
sprawling  branches  and  locust-like  leaves.  It  is  the 
bristly  locust  (Robinia  hispida)  and  beyond  it  is  a 
well  grown  clump  of  lilac  which  decks  itself  gorgeously 
in  May  with  white  flowers.  Next  to  the  lilac  is 
Amorpha  frncticosa,  of  the  great  Leguminosce  or  pulse 
family  and  in  late  May  or  early  June  sends  out  deep 


82 


violet,  indigo  flowers  clustered  in  terminal  spikes.  Its 
common  name  is  false  indigo.  Beyond  this  bush  is 
a  little  halesia  or  snow-drop  tree  with  which  you  no 
doubt  have  already  become  well  acquainted.  Try  to 
see  the  halesia  in  early  spring.  At  that  time  it  seems 
the  very  essence  of  spring  itself,  and  its  pearly  white 
flower  bells  with  their  hanging  clapper-like  pistils, 
seem  to  ring  out  "purity,  purity,  purity,"  through 
the  leafing  trees  from  all  their  silent  little  bell?.  There 
is  a  music  that  is  soundless  and  that  is  the  music  of 
a  flower  to  the  eye.  Such  music  bells  the  halesia  in 
spring.  But  you  can  know  it  when  it  is  not  in  bloom  by 
its  bark,  which  is  distinctly  marked  with  longitud- 
inal lines.  Its  leaves  are  very  soft  and  velvety,  oblong 
egg-shape,  from  two  to  four  inches  in  length, 
and  finely  serrate.  If  it  be  in  fruit,  you  can  surely 
know  it  by  its  seed  which  is  distinctly  four-winged ; — 
hence  its  name  Halesia  tetraptera,  (tetra,  Greek  for 
four  and  ptera,  wing).  As  we  go  along,  we  meet,  still 
on  the  right,  a  young  Washington  thorn  (Cratccgus 
cor  data)  with  small  leaves  very  noticeably  triangular 
in  form.  It  blooms  in  middle  or  late  May  with  ter- 
minal corymbs  of  white  flowers  which  develop  into 
small  scarlet  berries  in  September.  These  hang  upon 
the  tree  late  into  the  winter  and  they  are  cheery, 
glowing  sights  when  all  the  paths  are  stilled  with  the 
driven  snow.  As  you  go  on  south  two  pretty  young 
black  haws  lean  out  over  the  Walk  to  you.  The  sec- 
ond is  very  near  a  lamp-post  that  stands  by  the  Drive. 
This  will  show  you  where  you  are.  Just  beyond  the 
lamp-post  is  black  cherry  (Primus  scrotina)  with 


§3 

smooth  green  leaves  and  rugged  bark.  Then  two  more 
black  haws  and  then  a  pretty  English  hawthorn 
(Cratccgus  oxyacantha)  with  smooth,  obovate  leaves 
deeply  cut  in  at  the  lobes  and  distinctly  wedge  shaped 
at  the  base.  This  also  bears  white  flowers  in  May. 
But,  although  there  are  many  white  flowered  English 
hawthorns  in  the  Park,  there  are  also  many  which 
bear  single  and  double  pink,  and  crimson  flowers.  Be- 
yond the  English  hawthorn  is  choke  cherry  (Primus 
Virginiana),  then  black  haw  again  and  then  a  cluster 
of  beautiful  pink  and  white  flowered  Weigela,  (Dier- 
rilla  auiabilis) .  Further  on,  that  you  may  know  the 
spot,  you  pass  several  Oriental  spruces,  one  after  the 
other.  About  here,  the  Walk  bends  around  to  meet  the 
Drive,  and  at  its  very  corner  is  a  fine  sycamore  maple. 
Going  back  now  to  the  tulip  tree  opposite  the  point 
where  the  Drive  opens  into  the  Carriage  Concourse, 
and  following  south  again,  noting  the  things  on  the 
left  of  the  Walk,  you  pass  Austrian  pine  (opposite 
bridal  wreath  spiraea)  ;  Pyramidal  arbor  vitae  (oppo- 
site sycamore  maple)  ;  Oriental  spruce  (opposite  lilac 
and  amorpha)  ;  Chinese  quince  (Cydonia  Sinensis)  op- 
posite the  two  black  haws  which  stand  just  north  of 
the  lamp-post  by  the  Drive.  This  is  a  peculiar  tree 
and  worth  noticing.  It  looks  in  winter  as  if  it  might 
be  a  hornbeam.  It  bears  beautiful  pink  flowers  in 
spring  and  has  thick  finely  serrate  roundish  leaves, 
almost  leathery  in  texture.  Beyond  the  Chinese  quince, 
is  English  elm,  then,  close  to  the  Walk  a  cucumber 
tree.  Back  from  the  Walk  is  a  good  sized  Kentucky 
coffee  tree,  tall,  rather  Y-form  in  habit  of  branching, 


with  rough,  scaly  bark  and  leaves  twice  pinnately  com- 
pound. Its  flowers  are  greenish-white  and  show  con- 
spicuously in  panicles  at  the  ends  of  its  branches,  ap- 
pearing usually  in  June.  Then  we  come  to  cucum- 
ber tree  again  and  then  to  several  umbrella  trees  clus- 
tered close  together.  Beyond  the  umbrella  trees,  back 
from  the  Walk,  is  tulip  tree  and  beyond,  close  to  the 
Walk,  ash-leaved  maple.  The  next  tree  along  the 
path  is  silver  maple,  then  sycamore  maple,  Norway 
maple,  ash-leaved  maple,  broad-leaved  European  lin- 
den, cherry  birch,  Norway  spruce,  flowering  dogwood 
and  ash-leaved  maple  at  the  end  of  the  Walk  on  the 
left  just  as  you  go  out  to  Ocean  Avenue.  In  the  little 
section  made  by  the  fork  of  the  path  with  the  Drive 
you  will  find  an  interesting  tree  close  by  the  fence, 
about  midway  between  the  path  and  the  Drive.  It 
is  the  persimmon  tree  (Diospyros  Virginiana)  and  in 
September  when  the  frosty  sparkling  days  come  you 
will  see  its  yellow  globose  berries  about  an  inch  long, 
showing  plainly  on  its  branches.  The  frost  ripens  the 
berries.  This  brings  you  to  Ocean  Avenue,  but  be- 
fore you  go  home  take  a  look  at  the  large  leaved 
maple  trees  that  have  been  set  along  the  sidewalk. 
They  are  rich  crimson  in  early  spring  when  they  leaf. 
They  are  Schwedler's  maples,  varieties  of  the  Norway 
maple. 


Explanations,    Sectional   Diagram   No.   6 


COMMON  NAME 

1.  Oriental  plane  tree. 

2.  Yellow  birch. 

3.  Hackberry  or  sugar- 

berry. 

4.  European  hornbeam. 

5.  American   basswood. 

6.  Tulip   tree. 

7.  European  or  tree  alder. 

8.  Umbrella  tree. 

9.  American  or  white  elm. 

10.  Soulange's  magnolia. 

11.  Indian  bean  or  southern 

catalpa. 

12.  Norway    spruce. 

13.  European  larch. 

14.  Austrian  pine. 

15.  Scotch    pine. 

16.  European  flowering  ash. 

17.  Kcelreuteria. 

18.  Japan    quince. 

19.  Variegated  Weigela. 

20.  Judas  tree  or  red  bud. 

21.  American  white  or  gray 

birch. 

22.  Golden  bell  or  Forsythia. 

23.  Weeping  European 

larch. 
24;  American  hornbeam. 

25.  American    hornbeam. 

26.  Oleaster. 

27.  Ash-leaved  maple  or  box 

elder. 

28.  Mock    orange    or    sweet 
'  syringa. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Platanus  Orientalis. 
Betula  lutea. 
Celtis  Occidentalis. 

Carpinus  betulus. 
Tilia  Americana. 
Liriodendron    tulipifera. 
Alnus  glutinosa. 
Magnolia  umbrella. 
Ulmus  Americana. 
Magnolia  Soulangcana. 
Catalpa  bignonioides. 

Picea  excelsa. 

Larix  Europ<za. 

Pinus  Austriaca. 

Pinus  sylvcstris. 

Fraxinus   ornus. 

Kcelreuteria  paniculata. 

Cydonia  Japonica. 

Dicrvilla     rosea,     var.     foliis 

variegatis. 
Cercis  Canadcnsis. 
Betula  populifolia. 

Forsythia  viridissima. 

Larix     Europcea,     var.     pen- 

dula. 

Carpinus  Caroliniana. 
Ca rp inns  Caro lin ia na. 
El<?agnus  angustifolia. 
Negundo  acer aides. 

P  h  ila  dclp  Juts  co  ran  a  rius. 


COMMON  NAME 


BOTANICAL  NAME 


29.  European  larch. 

30.  Large-flowered   syringa. 

31.  Red  maple. 

32.  European  bird   cherry. 

33.  European    hazel. 

34.  American  hornbeam. 

35.  Weeping    European    sil- 

ver linden. 

36.  Red  maple. 

37.  Cherry  birch. 

38.  Bush  Deutzia. 

39.  American    hornbeam. 

40.  Norway  maple. 

41.  Hop  tree  or  shrubby  tre- 

foil. 

42.  Black  cherry  and  cherry 

birch  grown  together. 

43.  Black  haw. 

44.  Weeping  bald  cypress. 

45.  American  white  a:h. 

46.  American    hornbeam. 

47.  European  linden. 

48.  American  basswood. 

49.  European  silver  linden, 

50.  Yellow  willow. 

51.  Weigela. 

52.  Large-flowered   syringa. 

53.  Ninebark. 

54.  Japan  cedar. 

55.  Hemlock. 

56.  Noble  silver  fir. 

57.  Alcock's  spruce. 

58.  Rhododendron. 

59.  Mountain   laurel. 

60.  Chinese  cork  tree. 

6 1.  Catesby's  Andromeda. 

62.  Japan     ground     cypress, 

or    Japan    arbor    vitae. 
(Plume-leaved). 


Larix  Europcca.  . 

Philadclphus  grandinorus. 

Acer  rubrum. 

Prunus  padus. 

Corylus  avcllana. 

Carpinus  Caroliniana. 

Tilia  Europaa,  var.  argcntea 

(or  alba)    pcndula. 
Acer  rubrum. 
Betula  lenta. 
Deutzia  crcnata. 
Carpinus  Caroliniana. 
Acer  platanoides. 
Ptelca  trifoliata. 

Prunus  serotina  and  Betula 
lenta 

Viburnum  prunifolium. 

Taxodium  distichum,  var. 
pendulum. 

Frax'mus  Americana. 

Carpinus    Caroliniana. 

Tilia  Europcca. 

Tilia  Americana. 

Tilia  Europ&a,  var.  argentea 
(or  alba}. 

Salix.alba,  var.  vitellina. 

Diervilla  amabilis. 

Philadelphus  grandiflorus. 

PJiysocarpus  (or  Spircea) 
opulifolia. 

Cryptomeria  Japonica. 

Tsuga   Canadensis. 

Abies  no-bilis. 

Picca  Alcoquina. 

Rhododendron    everestianum. 

Kalmia  latifolia. 

Phcllodendron  Amurensc. 

Andromeda   Catesbai. 

Chamcecyparis  (or  Rctinos- 
pora}  pisifera,  var.  pin- 
mo sa. 


89 


COMMON  NAME  BOTANICAL  NAME 

63.  Variegated  English  yew.        Taxus    baccata,    rar.    clcgan- 

tissiuia. 

64.  Plume-leaved  Er~lish  Ulmns   camfcstris,    var.    plu- 

elm.  mosa. 


VI. 

LINCOLN  STATUE  TO  FIRST  SUMMER  HOUSE. 

This  ramble  begins  at  the  Lincoln  Statue,  south 
of  the  Flower  Garden,  follows  the  path  which  leads 
off  to  the  west  from  the  Walk  on  which  the  Statue 
stands,  and  skirts  the  southern  slope  of  Breeze  Hill 
to  a  point  where  the  Walk  breaks  into  two  forks. 
Here  we  stop,  and,  turning  back,  follow  the  lake 
border  to  Ford  Bridge. 

Very  near  the  end  of  the  wall  which  bounds  the 
south-western  corner  of  the  Flower  Garden,  you  will 
find  a  hemlock.  Directly  back  of  the  hemlock,  up  the 
hill  a  little  to  the  north-west  is  a  rare  conifer,  well 
worth  your  careful  attention.  You  will  know  it  by 
its  reddish  bark  stripped  and  shredded  very  much  like 
that  of  a  red  cedar.  Look  at  its  leaves.  Do  they 
make  you  think  of  the  claws  of  a  cat?  Examine 
them  closely  and  you  will  find  that  they  are  rather 
four-sided,  curved  and  taper  gradually  down  from 
a  large  sessile  base  to  a  sharp  tip.  This  gives 
each  branch  a  rather  hard,  close  look.  If  you  exam- 
ine this  tree  carefully  you  may  see  its  cones,  either 
green  (the  new  ones)  or  dull  brown  (the  old  ones) 
clinging  at  the  end  of  the  branches.  The  form  of 
the  tree  is  lofty  and  spire-like  and  its  foliage  is  richly 
dark  green.  What  is  it?  Perhaps  you  have  already 


guessed  it  to  be  the  Japan  cedar  (Cryptomeria 
ica.)  There  are  several  of  them  along  here  and  I 
love  to  see  them  sway  in  the  wind,  gathering  their 
close  hard  branches  about  them  and  bowing  with 
stately  and  courtly  grace,  then  lifting  in  noble  dig1 
nity,  tall  and  fair  and  straight,  swaying  gently  with 
a  silent  majesty  that  is  truly  regal. 

Beyond  this  point  as  you  follow  the  path  eastward, 
are  variegated  English  yew,  whose  dark,  flat,  sharp- 
pointed  leaves  you  have,  no  doubt,  long  since  grown 
to  recognize  at  a  glance;  then  Catesby's  Andromeda 
(differing  from  the  Andromeda  you  met  up  in  Vale 
Cashmere,  by  its  sharper,  more  taper  pointed  leaves) 
which  nestles  close  beside  another  Cryptomeria  Japon- 
ica.  A  little  beyond  the  Cryptomeria,  near  the  Walk, 
is  Chamcccyparis  (or  Rctinospora)  pisifera.  You 
can  know  it  by  its  flat  leaf-sprays  which  branch  in 
rather  gridiron  manner.  Further  on  you  will  find 
mountain  laurel  with  shining,  glossy  elliptic  leaves, 
then  rhododendron  with  rosy-lilac  flowers,  and 
just  about  opposite  the  point  made  by  the 
forking  of  the  two  branches  of  the  Walk,  you 
will  see  two  conifers  of  special  note  and  beauty. 
They  stand  side  by  side  and  are  about  of  the  same 
height.  You  will  know  them  at  once  by  the  decided 
bluish  cast  to  their  silvery-green  foliage.  If  you  ex- 
amine this,  you  will  see  that  their  needles  first  follow 
along  parallel  with  the  stem  and  then  bend  sharply 
up  from  it  at  right  angles,  making  a  kind  of  comb 
of  the  branch.  There  you  will  have  the  key  to  their 
identity  and  will  know  them  to  be  very  good  speci- 


92 

mens  of  the  noble  silver  fir.  Close  beside  them, 
to  the  west,  rises  a  graceful  weeping  bald  cypress 
which  you  will  do  well  to  see  in  autumn.  A  search 
about  the  base  of  this  tree  may  reward  you  with  a 
sight  of  parts  of  their  cones,  for  this  tree  bears  them 
very  generously  as  you  can  see  by  looking  at  its  up- 
per branches.  There  you  can  behold  them  hanging, 
little  round  balls,  like  small  apples.  But  I  don't 
think  you  will  find  them  whole,  on  the  ground.  If 
you  do  you  will  be  lucky. 

Beyond  the  bald  cypress,  close  by  the  Walk,  is  the 
Japan  arbor  vitse  chamaecyparis  (or  Retiiwspora]  pisi- 
fcra,  "car.  filifera.  It  is  a  small  evergreen  with  thread- 
like leaf-sprays. 

About  opposite  this  shrub,  as  you  face  the  Lake, 
on  the  border  of  the  tongue  of  bank  made  by  the  fork 
of  Walks  here,  you  will  find  some  good  specimens  of 
the  white  cedar  (Chaincecyparis  sphceroidea)  with 
glaucous-green  foliage.  Between  the  white  cedars 
and  the  tip  of  the  tongue  of  bank,  stands  a  red  cedar, 
and  at  the  point  of  the  tongue,  a  sapling  bald  cypress. 

Up  the  slope  of  the  hill,  back  of  the  rhododendron 
which  you  just  passed  a  moment  ago,  you  will  find 
a  fair  specimen  of  the  Alcock's  spruce.  You  can  dis- 
tinguish it  by  its  leaves,  which  are  rather  flattish- 
four-sided ;  curved,  bluntly  rounded  at  the  tip,  deep 
green  on  the  npperside  and  whitish  beneath. 

Turn  now  and  follow  the  path  around  the  terrace 
which  banks  the  Lake.  You  are  now  walking  east- 
ward and  on  your  right,  nearly  in  the  center  of  the 
grassy  rise  of  bank  between  you  and  the  water  is 


93 

a  stocky  yellow  birch.  You  know  it  at  once  by  its 
silvery  gray-green  bark  tinged  with  copper.  The  bark 
peels  and  curls  in  shreds  and  frayed  ends  which  give 
it  a  ragged  appearance  all  its  own. 

Nearer  the  Walk  stands  a  hackberry,  identified 
easily  by  the  warty  knobs  and  ridges  on  its  trunk, 
usually  more  pronounced  on  the  bark  near  the  ground. 
If  the  warty  ridges  do  not  satisfy  you,  look  at  its 
lop-sided  long  egg-shaped  leaves  which  are  very  rough 
on  the  uppersides  and  hairy  on  the  undersides.  The 
fruit  of  the  tree  is  a  globular  drupe  or  berry  on  a 
single  stem.  This  berry  is  yellowish  in  summer  but 
purple,  when  ripe  in  the  autumn. 

In  the  corner  of  the  Walk,  close  by  the  water,  on 
your  right  stands  a  well  foliaged  European  hornbeam. 
The  Walk  curves  around  an  arm  of  the  water  here 
to  a  little  peninsula  which  juts  out  into  the  Lake,  just 
north  of  Scarlet  Island.  A  curved  rail  bounds  the 
Walk  and  cuts  it  off  from  this  peninsula.  If  you 
step  over  it  and  follow  the  shore  of  the  Lake  around 
this  peninsula  you  will  find  a  fine  American  elm  just 
beyond  the  rail,  then  some  umbrella  trees,  with  their 
large  paddle-like  leaves,  and  conspicuous  crimson 
fruits  in  September;  then  European  tree  alder,  tulip 
tree,  and  American  basswood  at  the  north-westerly 
corner  of  the  peninsula.  Continuing  on  around,  you 
pass  Chinese  cork  tree  about  south  of  the  basswood. 
This  is  an  extremely  interesting  tree  and  you  will 
find  it  close  by  the  water's  edge,  leaning  out  over  it. 
You  can  tell  it  by  its  opposite  leaves  which  are  odd- 
pinnate  and  made  up  of  about  nine  (there  may 


94 

be  more)  leaflets.  The  leaflets  are  long,  taper  pointed. 
Indeed  its  leaves  look  very  much  like  those  of  the 
ailanthus.  They  turn  bright  red  in  autumn  and  re- 
main on  the  tree  for  quite  a  considerable  time.  The 
fruit  of  this  tree  is  small,  black,  and  pea  shaped  and 
hangs  on  the  tree  in  winter  in  grape-like  clusters.  Be- 
yond the  Chinese  cork  tree  you  meet  umbrella  tree 
again  and  again  European  alder,  then  American  bass- 
wood  and  at  the  far  eastern  corner  of  the  bank,  in 
between  the  water  and  the  rail,  three  umbrella  trees 
close  together.  A  handsome  young  Soulange's  mag- 
nolia stands  just  back  -(to  the  west)  of  the  square 
bend  of  the  rail. 

As  you  thread  the  tall  grass  of  this  pretty  spot 
look  for  two  English  .elms  with  plume-like  heads,  lift- 
ing themselves  up  not  unlike  Lombardy  poplars.  These 
stand  just  a  little  north-east  of  the  Chinese  cork  tree 
and  you  will  know  them  by  the  plume-like  wreathing 
of  their  leaves.  They  are  very  odd  varieties  of  the 
English  elm. 

Now  we  will  come  back  to  the  Walk  again,  trust- 
ing that  the  Park  authorities  have  given  their  per- 
mission to  our  wanderings,  and  resume  our  investiga- 
tions east  and  south-eastwards. 

As  you  follow  the  Walk  it  bends  gracefully  around 
to  the  south,  leading  you  along  a  handsomely  made 
terrace  which  holds  the  water  back  in  a  gentle  bay 
north-east  of  Scarlet  Island.  This  little  bay  is  a  beau- 
tiful sight  in  summer  when  the  Nelumbium  is  in  the 
height  of  its  beauty,  both  in  leaf  and  flower.  Its 
leaf  is  large  cup-shaped,  and  peltate,  that  is,  on  a  stem 


95 

attached  within  the  margin  of  the  leaf  which  in  this 
case  is  at  the  center.  It  is  botanically  known  by  the 
name  Nelumbium  speciosum  and  its  flowers  are  pink, 
red,  or  white.  Commonly  it  is  called  false  lotus  or 
sacred  bean  of  the  Orient. 

Floating  on  these  quiet  waters  you  will  also  see 
the  familiar  water  lily.  This  has  a  round  leaf,  cut 
from  the  margin  to  the  center  with  a  single  straight 
incision  and  the  leaf  floats  flat  on  the  water,  whereas 
the  leaf  of  the  Nelumbium  is  lifted  a  foot  or  more 
above  the  water  on  a  thick  stalk.  After  a  rain  it 
is  a  pretty  sight  to  see  the  water  globules  running 
like  mercury  hither  and  thither  in  the  cups  of  these 
big  leaves  of  the  Nelumbium,  as  they  toss  with  the 
breeze. 

As  you  go  southwards,  beyond  the  Fountain,  at  the 
end  of  the  railed  terrace,  are  beautifuj  beds  of  Cacti, 
which  are  interesting  sights  in  summer,  and  just  after 
you  pass  these,  a  grove  of  evergreens  meets  you  on 
the  right.  We  hope  you  have  noticed,  as  you  came 
along,  the  magnificent  grove  of  Eastern  plane  trees 
which  make  such  a  noble  display  all  about  the  Lin- 
coln Statue.  They  certainly  are  doing  well.  See  how 
different  their  leaves  are  from  those  of  the  American 
plane  tree  or  buttonwood.  The  leaf  of  the  Eastern 
variety  is  much  more  maple-like  in  its  cutting. 

But  to  go  on,  let  us  consider  the  grove  beyond  the 
bed  of  Cacti.  The  first  tree  you  meet  on  the  right  of 
the  Walk  is  Austrian  pine,  which  you  can  identify  by 
its  dark  green  leaves,  two  in  a  fascicle  and  about  six 
inches  long.  Beyond  the  Austrian  pine  is  a  Scotch 


96 

pine,  with  leaves  two  in  a  fascicle  but  only  two  to 
four  inches  long.  The  leaves  of  the  Scotch  pine  have 
a  decided  twist  and  they  are  rather  flattish  near  the 
point.  The  cones  of  the  two  trees  are  quite  differ- 
ent, the  Austrian's  are  about  three  times  as  large.  The 
cone  of  the  Scotch  pine  is  small  and  its  scales  are 
distinctly  quadrangular.  Almost  in  a  direct  line,  north- 
west from  the  Austrian  pine,  looking  toward  Scarlet 
Island,  are  European  larch  and  two  Norway  spruces. 
Next  to  the  Scotch  pine  is  a  European  flowering  ash, 
which  bears  greenish  white  fringe  like  flowers  in  clus- 
ters along  its  branches. 

At  this  point  a  little  branch  path  runs  off  to  the 
right  toward  the  Lake.  Follow  it  for  a  moment  to 
its  end  then  come  back  to  the  Walk  from  which  it 
sprang.  You  will  pass  on  the  right  European  larch, 
Koclrcnteria,  and  Scotch  pine.  On  the  left  you  pass 
Forsythia  viridissima ,  variegated  Weigela  and  Japan 
quince  at  the  end  of  the  path,  by  the  water.  Coming 
back  to  the  larger  Walk  now,  beside  the  mass  of  For- 
sythia viridissima,  there  are  two  more  thriving  bushes 
of  Japan  quince.  Just  back  of  the  quince  lifts  up  an 
European  weeping  larch,  which  I  think  one  of  the 
handsomest  in  the  Park.  It  is  a  perfect  type  of  the 
Lanx  Eiwopaa,  var.  pendula.  In  early  spring  it  is 
a  marvel  of  fairy  green,  a  floating  cloud  of  lace,  and 
as  the  season  advances  and  summer  breathes  upon 
it,  it  covers  itself  with  cascade  upon  cascade  of  drip- 
ping green,  like  a  fountain,  dropping  its  waters  from 
terrace  to  terrace.  Through  its  soft  and  graceful 
vail  its  cones  can  be  seen  clinjnnf.  In  winter  these 


97 

give  the  tree  an  added  beauty,  standing  out  in  con- 
spicuous jet  against  the  sky. 

Near  the  Walk,  just  beyond  this  beautiful  larch, 
is  an  American  white  birch,  and,  beside  it,  leaning 
out  over  the  Lake,  a  well  grown  Judas  tree.  Here 
we  have  come  to  a  spot  where  the  Lake  whispers 
alongside  the  Walk  for  a  little  distance,  and  from 
this  open  stretch  you  look  across  over  the  Large  Lake 
to  the  wooded  heights  of  Lookout  Hill.  Then  the 
path  runs  on  beneath  the  shade  of  arching  trees  and 
loses  itself  in  green  peninsulas  and  islands  floating 
half  asleep  on  dreaming  slumbrous  waters. 

As  you  enter  the  green  arcade  beyond  the  open 
stretch  of  Walk,  close  down  by  the  water's  edge,  you 
will  find  two  American  hornbeams  standing  in  the 
corner  of  the  path  on  the  right.  Beyond  these  are 
two  trees  which  look  very  much  like  willows.  But 
they  are  quite  different.  They  are  oleasters  (Elceagnns 
aiigustifolia)  and  if  you  pass  them  in  July,  you  may 
see  them  in  bloom.  Then  amid  their  silvery  gray- 
green  leaves  you  may  find  their  fragrant  spicy  flow- 
ers. These  are  little  tubes  with  four  petals  yellow 
on  the  inside  but  silvery  white  on  the  outside.  The 
leaves  of  the  trees  are  narrow  (lanceolate)  and  sil- 
very white  on  the  undersides,  with  a  decided  scurf. 

Beyond  the  oleasters,  on  the  right  of  the  Walk  are 
tulip  tree,  ash-leaved  maple,  sweet  syringa,  European 
larch,  large  flowered  syringa,  European  larch  again, 
red  maple,  European  bird  cherry,  European  larch 
again,  European  hazel,  American  hornbeam.  These 
are  bv  the  border  of  the  Walk,  and,  at  the  hornbeam, 


98 

you  ought  to  be  a  little  further  than  half  the  distance 
from  the  oleasters  to  the  Ford  Bridge.  Now  strike 
off  to  the  water  and  along  the  bankside,  you  will 
find  two  very  handsome  weeping  European  silver  lin- 
dens. You  will  know  them  by  their  sugar-loaf  forms, 
smooth  gray  trunks  and  branches  and  cordate  leaves 
green  above  and  silvery  beneath.  Then  come  a 
red  maple,  cherry  birch  about  half  way  between 
water  and  Walk,  red  maple  again,  and,  back  by  the 
border  of  the  Walk,  Deutsia  crenata,  American 
hornbeam  and  Norway  maple  close  by  the  right  hand 
corner  of  Ford  Bridge. 

On  the  left  of  the  Walk  from  the  entrance  of  this 
delightful  arcade,  you  have  passed  on  your  way  to 
Ford  Bridge,  American  elm;  oleaster  (about  oppo- 
site ash-leaved  maple)  ;  black  haw;  weeping  bald  cy- 
press; American  white  ash  (opposite  red  maple); 
American  basswoods,  one  of  them  a  little  off  to  the 
left  of  the  Walk,  the  other  about  opposite  a  European 
larch ;  European  silver  linden  about  opposite  the  first 
weeping  European  silver  linden  by  the  water;  then 
another  European  silver  linden  about  opposite  the 
second  weeping  linden  by  the  water ;  then  a  couple 
of  Norway  maples ;  and  close  by  the  Bridge,  Dentzia 
crenata;  Weigela;  large  flowered  syringa  and  nine- 
bark.  Back  of  the  Deutsia  crenata  you  will  find  a 
buckthorn  with  leaves  that  make  you  think  of  dog- 
wood, and  back  of  the  syringa,  is  a  majestic  old  yel- 
low willow.  There  are.  several  of  these  fine  old  wil- 
lows here  all  along  the  borders  of  the  stream  and 
beautiful  sights  they  are  in  winter  when  their  twigs 
turn  brassy  yellow 


SECTIONAL  DIAGRAM 

N?7 


Explanations,    Sectional   Diagram    No.    7 


COMMON  NAME 

1.  European   linden. 

2.  European  silver  linden. 

3.  Broad-leaved     European 

linden. 

4.  Weigela. 

5.  Tulip  tree. 

6.  Golden  bell  or  Forsythia. 

7.  Chinese  Wistaria.     (Pale 

blue   flowers.) 

8.  Weigela.     (Deep 

son   flowers. ) 

9.  Mock    orange    or    sweet 

syringa. 

10.  Reeve's  spiraea. 

11.  Japan   quince. 

12.  Silver  bell  or  snowdrop 

tree. 

13.  Bridal  wreath  spiraea. 

14.  Snowy  hydrangea. 

15.  Hop  tree  or  shrubby  tre- 

foil. 

16.  Oleaster. 

17.  American  or  white  elm. 

18.  Hall's       Japan       honey- 

suckle. 

19.  Large-flowered   syringa. 

20.  American  basswood. 

21.  Lilac.     (White  flowers.) 

22.  Judas  tree  or  redbud. 

23.  Japan  pagoda  tree. 

24.  Koelreuteria. 

25.  American  white  ash. 

26.  American  or  white  elm. 

27.  Sugar  maple. 


BOTANICAL   NAME 

Tilia  Europcua. 

Tilia  Europcca,  var.  argcntea 

(or  alba). 
Tilia     Europcea,     var.     plati- 

phylla. 

Dicrvilla  amabilis. 
Liriodendron  tulipifcra. 
Forsythia  viridissima. 
Wistaria  Sincnsis. 


crim-       Diervilla  floribunda. 


Philadelphia  coronariu^. 

Spircea  Reevesiana. 
Cydonia  Japonica. 
Halesia  tetraptera. 

Spir&a  prunifolia. 
Hydrangea  nivca. 
Ptclea  trifoliata. 

Elaagnus   angustifolia. 
Ulmus  Americana. 
Loniccra  Japonica    (or   Hal- 
liana). 

Philadclphus  grandiflorus. 
Tilia  Americana. 
Syringa  vulgaris,  var.  alba. 
Ccrcis   Canadensis. 
Sophora  Japonica. 
Kcclrcutcria  paniculata. 
Fraxinus  Americana. 
Ulmus  Americana. 
Acer  saccharinum. 


102 


COMMON  NAME 

28.  Bay  or  laurel-leaved  wil- 

low. 

29.  English  elm. 

30.  Osage  orange. 

31.  English  elm. 

32.  Lilac. 

33.  Yellow  or  golden  willow. 

34.  Common  barberry. 

35.  Red  maple. 

36.  Cucumber  tree. 

37.  Umbrella  tree. 

38.  Mountain-ash-leaved 

spiraea. 

39.  American  basswood. 

40.  American  hornbeam. 

41.  Purple  barberry. 

42.  Hemlock. 

43.  Paper  or  canoe  birch. 

44.  Flowering  dogwood. 

45.  Norway  spruce. 

46.  Scotch  elm. 

47.  Cherry  birch. 

48.  Mugho  pine. 

49.  Scotch  pine. 

50.  Large-flowered  syringa. 

51.  Common  elder. 

52.  Bald  cypress. 

53.  Huckleberry. 

54.  Mock    orange    or    sweet 

syringa. 

55.  Large-flowered   syringa. 

56.  Soulange's  magnolia. 

57.  Snowy  hydrangea. 

58.  European  or  tree  alder. 

59.  American  white  or  gray 

birch. 

60.  Bush  Deutzia.     (Variety 

Pride  of  Rochester.) 

61.  Speckled  or  hoary  alder. 

62.  Nordmann's  silver  fir. 

63.  Pitch  pine. 


BOTANICAL   NAME 

Salix    pcntandra  (or    Lauri- 

folia). 

Ulmus  campcstris. 
Madura  aurantiaca. 
Ulmus  campestris. 
Syringa  vulgaris. 
Sali.v  alba,  var.  vitellina. 
Berbcris  vulgaris. 
Acer  rubruin. 
Magnolia  acuminata. 
Magnolia  umbrella. 
Spiraea   sorbifolia. 

Tilia  Americana. 
Carpinus    Caroliniana. 
Berbcris   vulgaris,    var.    pur- 

purca. 

Tsuga  Canadensis. 
Betula  papyrifcra. 
Cornus    ilorida. 
Picea  cxcelsa. 
Ulmus  montana. 
Betula  I  cut  a. 

Pinus  montana,  var.  Mughus. 
Pinus  sylvestris. 
Philadelphus  grandiHprus. 
Sambucus  Canadensis. 
Taxodium  distichum. 
Gaylussacia  resinosa. 
Philadelphus  coronarius. 

Ph Hade Iph us  gran diflo rus. 
Magnolia  Soulangeana. 
Hydrangea  nivea. 
Alnus  glutinosa. 
Betula  populifolia. 

Deutzia  crenata,  var.  Pride  of 

Rochester. 
Alnus  incana. 
Abies  Nordmanniana. 
Pinus  rigida. 


VII. 

FIRST  SUMMER  HOUSE  TO  SECOND  SUMMER  HOUSE, 
LARGE  LAKE. 

Just  beyond  the  cozy  little  rustic  bridge  that  spans 
the  horse  ford,  a  pretty  summer  house  looks  out 
upon  the  Large  Lake.  It  is  the  first  of  a  series  of 
four  and  our  walk  in  this  chapter  begins  here  and 
runs  on  to  the  next  summer  house  by  the  lakeside. 

But  before  starting  let  us  look  at  a  few  things  in 
between  the  House  and  Ford  Bridge.  Just  by  the 
corner  of  the  Bridge,  near  the  water's  edge,  is  Eu- 
ropean linden  and  next  to  it,  by  the  Walk  is  a  fine 
European  silver  linden.  Then  come  another  Eu- 
ropean linden  and  Forsythia  viridissiina  near  the 
Summer  House.  Back  of  the  Forsythia  almost  in  a 
straight  line  toward  the  Lake  are  tulip  tree  and  broad- 
leaved  European  linden. 

In  the  little  island  of  shrubbery  opposite  the  Sum- 
mer House,  there  are  graceful  silver  bell  or  snow- 
drop trees,  beautifully  marked  with  yellowish  streaks 
through  their  dusky  bark  and  Japan  quince  almost 
at  the  point  nearest  Ford  Bridge.  About  opposite 
the  entrance  of  the  Summer  House,  stands  a  fine 
mass  of  the  bridal  wreath  spiraea  and  not  far  from 
it  a  beautiful  clump  of  the  rosy  Weigela.  Further 
along  the  border  of  this  island  near  its  other. end  are 
great  masses  of  the  Forsythia  viridissiina,  which  you 


104 


can  know  at  once  by  their  strong,  clean  lanceolate 
leaves.  At  the  extreme  end  of  this  island  of  shrubbery 
there  is  a  tangled  mass  of  Hall's  Japan  honeysuckle, 
woven  through  and  through,  with  morning  glory 
charmingly  offsetting  the  sweeping  bank  of  large  flow- 
ered syringa  beside  it. 

Having  considered  these  few  things  in  a  preliminary 
way,  let  us  now  start  from  the  First  Summer  House 
and  take  note  of  the  things  on  the  right  of  the  Walk. 
Close  beside  the  Shelter,  the  Diervilla  floribunda  sets 
all  its  deep  crimson  horns  of  color  blowing  in  early 
June  and  back  of  it,  nearer  the  water,  the  sweet  syringa, 
equally  beautiful  opens  its  white  flowers  in  great  pro- 
fusion. Beside  the  Diervilla  or  Welgela,  a  Reeve's 
spiraea  bends  with  its  weight  of  bloom.  Over  by  the 
water,  knee  deep  in  the  tall  and  waving  grass  of  lovely 
June  days,  the  hop  tree  or  shrubby  trefoil  stands 
fingering  the  breezes  from  the  Lake  with  its  unmistak- 
able three  leaves.  Just  in  front  of  this,  close  by  the 
Walk,  is  a  hydrangea  which  on  account  of  the  silvery 
or  snowy  underside  of  its  leaf  has  been  called  nivea. 
It  is  a  beautiful  shrub  and  when  the  wind  blows  and 
turns  it  into  a  living  flame  of  silver  it  is  a  joyous 
sight.  It  blooms  about  July,  and  has  white  flowers 
in  flat  corymbs  which  are  very  beautiful  against  the 
dark  green  (upper  side)  of  its  heart-shaped  leaves. 

Just  beyond  this  point,  there  is  a  fine  group  of  tulip 
trees  which  are  glorious,  either  in  June  when  they 
have  set  all  their  beautiful  greenish  yellow  flowers  to 
the  sun  or  in  autumn  when  they  flutter  tints  of  rich- 
est chrome  yellow. 


105 

Back  of  the  hop  tree,  by  the  border  of  the  Lake,  you 
will  find  another  silver  bell,  and  beyond  the  silver 
bell,  oleaster  with  its  willow-like  habit  of  growth  and 
gray-green  silvery  leaves.  Beyond  the  oleaster  is 
American  elm. 

Coming  to  the  Walk  again  and  following  on,  you 
pass  a  fine  American  basswood  a  little  beyond  the  last 
tulip  by  the  Walk.  You  cannot  mistake  it,  especially 
if  it  is  in  leaf,  for  its  leaves  are  large,  noticeably  lop- 
sided heart-shaped.  As  the  season  advances,  the 
American  basswood  shows  distinct  shades  of  yellow- 
green  in  its  leaves  and  if  you  get  to  know  this  tint,  you 
can  tell  the  American  basswood  afar  off.  Notice  how 
differently  it  puts  out  its  branches  from  the  habit 
of  the  European  linden.  A  little  further  on,  the  Walk 
throws  off  to  the  left  a  short  arm  to  cross  the  Drive. 
As  it  nears  the  Bridle  Path  and  Drive,  you  pass  some 
splendid  European  silver  lindens,  very  easily  known 
by  their  smooth  bark  and  cordate  leaves,  white  on  the 
undersides.  You  can  tell  them  also  by  their  notice- 
ably sugar  loaf  form.  Crossing  the  Bridle  Path  for 
a  moment,  in  the  south-west  corner  of  the  little  space 
between  it  and  the  Drive,  at  the  left,  is  Koclreuteria, 
A  lamp-post  guards  the  south-east  corner  and 
back  of  it,  by  the  border  of  the  Drive  you  meet  a  fine 
Japan  pagoda  tree,  then  Judas  tree  with  good-sized 
heart-shaped  leaves,  then  Reeve's  spiraea  and  a  fine 
clump  of  lilac  at  the  extreme  north-easterly  end  of 
this  island-like  space.  Directly  opposite  the  lamp- 
post, on  the  right  of  the  path  is  another  K&lreuteria, 
with  a  young  hop  tree  or  shrubby  trefoil  beside  it. 


io6 


Behind  the  trefoil  stands  another  Kcelreuteria  and  at 
the  extreme  south-westerly  end  of  the  space  here  stands 
a  clump  of  lilac.  This  clump  bears  purple  flowers. 

Now  let  us  retrace  our  steps  to  the  Walk  again, 
and  follow  it  on  toward  the  Second  Summer  House. 
As  you  go  along,  you  pass  several  American  elms,  an 
English  elm  and  an  American  white  ash.  The  Amer- 
ican elms  you  cannot  mistake,  with  their  vase-like 
habit  of  growth.  The  English  elm  is  of  oak-like  look, 
short-trunked,  stocky  of  build.  The  American  ash 
you  can  distinguish  by  its  compound  leaf  and  by  its 
lozenge-like  bark.  Almost  directly  opposite  the  ash 
stands  one  of  its  clansmen,  tall  and  majestic,  a  glory 
of  brilliant  sun-fire  playing  over  its  bark  on  bright 
winter  days.  Not  far  from  this  ash,  you  meet  a  sugar 
maple,  beautiful  in  autumn  when  its  leaves  begin  to 
play  with  reds  and  golds  and  crimsons.  Back 
of  these  two  trees,  close  by  the  water's  edge 
stand  an  American  elm  and  a  laurel  leaved  willow. 
The  laurel  leaved  willow  stands  tip-toe  on  the  little 
point  or  jut  of  land  that  makes  a  cove  here.  Walk 
up  to  it  and  see  its  beautiful  shining  dark  green  leaves. 
There  are  many  of  these  willows  in  the  Park  and  it 
is  well  to  make  their  acquaintance  early.  Stand  back 
a  little  and  get  the  sunshine  over  their  glossy  leaves. 
Isn't  that  a  flame  of  white  fire!  Watch  the  breeze 
send  them  into  shivers  of  flying  glass.  The  leaf  of 
this  tree  somewhat  resembles  that  of  the  shining  wil- 
low (Sali.v  lucida),  but  the  leaf  of  the  shining  wil- 
low is  much  longer-taper-pointed. 

Coming  back  to  the  Walk  again,  beyond  the  sugar 


maple,  you  find  on  the  right  another  good  sized  white 
ash  and  beyond  it,  not  far  from  the  point  where  the 
Walk  forks,  European  linden.  A  good  Osage  orange 
stands  near  the  Walk,  just  beyond  the  linden  and  about 
opposite  the  point  where  the  Walk  branches.  The 
Osage  orange  is  identified  by  the  very  distinct  spines 
in  the  axils  of  its  leaves.  Look  for  them,  for  they  are 
worth  seeing.  Some  of  the  botanies  speak  of  the 
flowers  of  the  Osage  orange  as  inconspicuous,  but 
I  saw  this  tree  covered  with  blossoms  one  June  day 
and  a  very  pretty  sight  it  was.  The  tree  has  in- 
teresting fruit,  large  and  globular  and  of  an  orange- 
like  look,  whence  its  name.  It  is  golden  yellow  when 
ripe. 

A  little  off  to  one  side,  from  the  Osage  orange,  about 
midway  between  it  and  the  water  is  a  clump  of  very 
peculiarly  leaved  shrubbery.  If  you  don't  know  it  and 
should  come  upon  it  in  July,  you  would  wonder  what 
it  was,  with  its  rather  spindle  shaped  heads  of  fuzzy 
white  flowers.  The  heads  make  you  think  of  meadow 
sweet  and  spiraeas.  It  is  a  spiraea  and  its  leaves  tell 
you  that  it  is  the  mountain-ash-leaved  spiraea.  To 
me  it  is  very  beautiful  and  you  will  come  across  it  in 
many  parts  of  the  Park.  In  July  and  August  it  is  quite 
conspicuous  and  it  makes  a  brave  sight  on  the  days 
when  most  of  the  trees  and  shrubs  are  over  with  their 
blooming.  You  cannot  mistake  it  and  if  you  know 
the  leaf  of  the  mountain  ash,  you  will  see  how  well 
this  spiraea  deserves  its  name. 

Further  on,  by  the  water's  edge,  a  willow  thrusts 
up  its  grace  and  strength  into  the  sunlight.  It  has 


io8 


beautiful  leaves,  long  and  lance  shaped  and  softly  sil- 
very gray-green  on  the  undersides.  Every  breeze  sends 
through  it  sudden  drifts  of  light,  very  fair  and  beau- 
tiful to  watch.  But  the  glory  of  this  willow  is  in  the 
winter.  Then  its  twigs  turn  a  rich,  brassy  yellow 
which  you  can  see  afar  off.  It  is  the  yellow  or  golden 
willow,  really  a  variety  of  the  white  willow.  How 
lovely  is  the  dull  brassy  yellow  which  this  tree  lifts 
through  the  purple-brown  maze  of  bare  twigs  in 
winter.  It  is  pronounced,  yet  so  subdued.  Its  very 
look  is  winter  and  goes  with  humming  ice  and  bright 
sunshine,  and  clean,  cold  air,  and  sparkling  snow ; 
with  creaking  tree  trunks  and  soft  violet  shadows  over 
the  snow ;  with  that  still,  winter's  quiet  which  is  in- 
describable in  words,  but  which  is  so  full  of  a  some- 
thing that  stirs  way  down  the  innermost  soul. 

Beyond  the  yellow  willow,  near  the  Walk  a  fine  white 
ash  lifts  up  the  blazonry  of  its  diamond  panelled  bark, 
gloriously  rough  and  rugged,  full  of  vigor,  life  and 
hardiness.  Sometimes  I  smite  them  with  my  fist,  just 
to  feel  the  firm  tingle  of  their  ridges.  Off  to  the 
right  again  and  near  the  water,  you  will  meet  a  good 
clump  of  common  barberry  (Berberis  vulgaris)  which 
you  will  have  no  difficulty  in  identifying  from  its 
obovate-oblong  leaves  and  abundance  of  small  spines. 
Try  to  see  barberry  in  September,  when  it  is  hung  full 
of  fruit.  Its  fruit  (berries,  of  oblong  shape)  is  very 
handsome  then,  rich  cool  crimson  in  color,  glowing 
with  autumn. 

Near  the  Walk  again,  we  meet  cucumber  tree  (Mag- 
nolia acuminata)  and  if  you  look  up  in  its  branches 


and  find  its  fruit,  you  will  see  the  significance  of  its 
name.  This  fruit  looks  quite  like  a  young  cucumber, 
especially  when  green,  but  in  early  September,  it  cer- 
tainly loses  its  claim  to  the  name,  for  then,  it  turns 
a  cool  magenta.  The  husk  of  the  fruit  breaks  open 
in  early  fall  and  through  the  openings,  seeds  of  the 
richest  coral,  push  out  and  hang  on  fairy  threads  of 
silk  in  a  most  curious  way.  This  is  the  fruiting  habit 
of  the  magnolia,  and  it  certainly  is  an  odd  one.  About 
opposite  the  cucumber  tree,  on  the  other  side  of  the 
Walk  and  a  little  back,  you  will  find  the  umbrella 
tree  (Magnolia  umbrella].  If  you  are  curious  to  know 
why  this  tree  is  called  ''umbrella,"  stand  under  it, 
look  up,  and  see  the  way  its  leaves  hang  from  the 
ends  of  its  branches.  This  will  convince  you  that 
it  has  been  well  named.  The  leaves  of  the  umbrella 
tree  are  much  larger  than  those  of  the  cucumber  tree 
and,  when  fully  grown,  are  from  one  to  two  feet  long, 
while  those  of  the  cucumber  are  from  five  to  ten  inches 
only.  The  leaf  of  the  cucumber  tree  is  pointed  at 
both  ends  (acuminata)  and  is  thin  and  pale  beneath. 
The  two  trees  grow  very  differently,  the  cucumber 
tall  and  straight  with  rather  regular  outline,  the  um- 
brella sprawls  like  a  catalpa  or  an  apple  tree.  It  is 
very  easy  to  identify  them  and  as  they  are  here  to- 
gether, it  is  well  to  study  their  differences.  The  cu- 
cumber tree  bears  small  greenish  yellow  flowers  about 
three  inches  wide  in  late  spring  or  early  summer,  the 
umbrella  tree,  broad  white  flowers,  from  six  to  eight 
inches  wide,  in  May,  usually.  In  the  autumn,  the 


no 


former  tree  turns  to  a  beautiful,  soft,  light  fawn  color, 
the  latter  to  a  subdued  bronze. 

Beyond  the  cucumber  tree,  about  midway  toward  the 
water's  edge,  you  will  find  another  Osage  orange,  and 
beyond  this  tree,  a  red  maple  leaning  over  the  stream. 
Beyond  the  red  maple  is  golden  willow  again,  and 
to  the  left  of  this  tree,  by  the  Walk,  another  cucumber 
tree.  Beyond  this  cucumber  tree,  close  by  the  Walk, 
an  American  basswood  boldly  flings  out  its  strong 
branches  and  large  leaves  in  considerable  contrast 
both  in  point  of  size  and  texture  from  those  of  the 
broad-leaved  European  linden  beside  it.  Next  beyond 
the  linden  comes  American  hornbeam,  with  its  birch- 
like  leaves,  but  with  bark  that  is  only  hornbeam.  No 
other  tree  can  lay  claim  to  its  smooth,  hard-finished 
bark  so  beautifully  veined  with  threads  of  silver.  Be- 
yond the  hornbeam  a  mass  of  purple  barberry  spreads 
its  beautiful  color  against  the  wealths  of  green  nestled 
here.  Diagonally  opposite  the  barberry,  on  the  other 
side  of  the  Walk  is  European  linden. 

The  path  we  are  following  forks  again  here,  one 
branch  stealing  around  to  the  right  to  creep  through 
the  canopies  of  waving  green  out  to  Second  Summer 
House,  the  left  goes  on  to  search  the  nooks  about  the 
end  of  this  peninsula.  As  the  path  turns  to  the  right 
you  pass  flowering  dogwood ;  two  red  maples ;  another 
flowering  dogwood ;  huckleberry ;  sweet  syringa,  in  a 
large  clump  just  beyond  an  open  stretch  of  Walk;  be- 
side it  a  clump  of  large  flowered  syringa ;  cucumber 
tree,  a  little  offside  to  the  right ;  red  maple ;  cucum- 
ber tree  again,  and,  very  near  to  the  Summer  House, 


Ill 


a  good  European  or  tree  alder.  On  the  point  of  shore 
to  your  right  as  you  stand  in  the  Summer  House 
and  face  the  Lake,  are  two  laurel-leaved  willows,  tall 
and  flinging  off  the  sunlight  from  their  leaves  in 
showers  of  white  fire  at  every  breeze.  In  between 
them  stands  a  white  or  gray  birch. 

Along  the  little  arm  of  the  path  from  the  clumps 
of  syringa  (back  a  short  distance)  you  passed  on  your 
left  as  you  came  to  the  Summer  House,  Soulange's 
magnolia,  about  opposite  the  sweet  syringa ;  cucum- 
ber tree,  opposite  the  red  maple ;  three  bushes  of  the 
snowy  hydrangea ;  and,  close  beside  the  Summer 
House,  to  the  left,  two  Norway  spruces  standing 
nearly  side  by  side.  Back  of  these  is  a  tall  bald  cy- 
press. Compare  the  leaves  of  the  Norway  spruce  with 
those  of  the  bald  cypress.  Note  the  fine  feathery  two 
ranked  flat  leaves  of  the  cypress  as  compared  with 
the  four  sided,  rigid,  curved  leaves  of  the  spruce. 

Let  us  go  back  now  to  the  Soulange's  magnolia  and 
follow  the  path  along  its  course  here  to  the  west.  On 
the  left  are  two  evergreens  close  together.  The  first 
is  pitch  pine,  which  you  can  identify  by  its  persistent 
cones  with  sharp  prickles  on  the  scales  and  its  leaves 
in  bundles  of  three,  stout  and  stiff.  The  second  ever- 
green is  Scotch  pine.  Diagonally  across  from  the 
Scotch  pine  on  the  right  of  the  Walk,  is  another 
Scotch  pine,  which  casts  its  branches  shelteringly  over 
a  handsome  bush  Deutsia  and  a  fine  clump  of  large 
flowered  syringa.  These  stand  side  by  side  near  a 
short  indentation  of  the  Walk.  On  the  further  side  of 
this  indentation  stands  Norway  spruce.  Then  the  path 


112 


takes  another  turn  to  the  right,  out  toward  the  water, 
and  if  you  go  along  there  you  will  find,  on  your  right, 
common  elder,  about  half  way  between  the  Norway 
spruce  and  the  water,  and  close  beside  the  elder,  bald 
cypress.  At  the  extreme  end  of  this  little  reach  of 
path  stands  a  golden  willow  leaning  out  over  the 
water. 

If  you  come  back  now  to  the  Norway  spruce  last 
mentioned,  about  due  south-west  of  it  across  the  Walk, 
stands  Mugho  pine.  East  of  the  Norway  spruce, 
across  the  Walk,  a  Nordmann  silver  fir  is  fighting 
hard  for  its  life.  Its  flat  leaves,  notched  at  the  tip,  and 
two  white  lines  on  their  undersides  tell  you  that  is  a 
Nordmann.  Beyond  the  Nordmann,  directly  back  of 
a  little  squarely  cut  bight  of  the  Walk,  on  your  left 
now,  is  another  Mugho  pine,  and  at  the  extreme  left- 
hand  corner  of  this  bight  you  will  find  cherry  birch. 

Let  us  now  go  back  and  pick  up  the  thread  of  our 
ramble  at  the  point  where  the  Walk  forked  beside  the 
dogwoods  and  huckleberry.  We  followed  the  right 
hand  branch  out  to  the  Second  Summer  House.  Let 
us  now  follow  the  left  hand  branch  out  to  the  end  of 
the  peninsula  on  your  left.  You  pass  red  maple, 
Osage  orange  (near  the  water)  and  close  by  the  Walk 
again,  still  at  your  left,  beyond  the  Osage  "orange,  a 
good  specimen  of  the  hoary  or  speckled  alder  (Almis 
incana}.  Continuing,  you  pass  American  elm  and, 
some  distance  beyond,  near  the  end  of  the  Walk  here, 
hemlock,  and  at  the  very  end  of  the  Walk,  north- 
easterly corner,  paper  or  canoe  birch.  At  the  south- 
westerly corner  stands  flowering  dogwood.  To  this 


point,  you  have  passed  on  your  right,  American  elm, 
opposite  the  red  maple ;  European  linden,  hemlock, 
about  opposite  the  other  hemlock  on  the  left  of  the 
Walk,  Scotch  elm  and  beyond  the  elm,  very  near  the 
spot  where  the  Walk  comes  close  to  the  water,  is  an- 
other Norway  spruce. 


SECTIONAL  DIAGRAM 
N98 


n 

SUMMER  HJTOSI 

LARGE  LAKE 


Explanations,   Sectional  Diagram   No.   8 


COMMON  NAME 

1.  English  elm. 

2.  Sugar  maple. 

3.  American   white  ash. 

4.  European  linden. 

5.  Single-leaved     European 

ash. 

6.  European  silver  linden. 

7.  European  weeping  beech. 

8.  Scotch  elm. 

9.  Ash-leaved  maple  or  box 

elder. 

10.  Black  haw. 

11.  Red  osier. 

12.  Red  maple. 

13.  Oleaster. 

14.  Weeping  European 

larch. 

15.  Bald  cypress. 

16.  California!!  privet. 

17.  Tulip  tree. 

18.  European  flowering  ash. 

19.  Aticuba-leaved  ash. 

20.  Ninebark. 

21.  European  hazel. 

22.  Hop  tree  or  shrubby  tre- 

foil. 

23.  Golden    bell    or    Forsy- 

thia. 

24.  Koelreuteria. 

25.  European  bird  cherry. 

26.  Single-leaved    European 

ash. 


BOTANICAL   NAME 

Ulmus    campcstris. 

Acer  sadcharinum. 

Fraxinus  Americana. 

Tilia  Europcca. 

Fraxinus       excelsior,       var. 

monophytta. 
Tilia  Europcca,  var.  argent ca 

(or  alba}. 

Fagns  sylvatica,  var.  pcndula. 
Ulmus  montana. 
Negundo  aceroides. 

Viburnum  prunifolium. 
Cornus  stolonifera. 
Acer  rubrum. 
Elceagnus  angustifolia. 
Larix  Europ&a,  var.  pcndula. 

Taxodium  distichum. 
Ligustrum  ovalifolium. 
Liriodendron    tulip  era. 
Fraxinus  ornus. 
Fraxinus     Americana,     var. 

aucubcefolia. 
Pliysocarpus  (or  Spircca)  op- 

u  li folia. 

Corylus    avellana. 
Ptelea  trifoliata. 

Fo rsyth  ia  viridissima. 

Koelreuteria  paniculata. 
Prunus  padus. 

Fraxinus       excelsior,       var. 
monophylla. 


COMMON  NAME 

27.  Weigela. 

28.  Judas  tree  or  redbud. 

29.  European  or  tree  alder. 

30.  Bush    Deutzia.     (White 

single  flowers.) 

31.  Northern  prickly  ash  or 

toothache  tree. 

32.  Large-flowered  syringa. 

33.  American  or  white  elm. 

34.  Washington  thorn. 

35.  Hackberry  or  sugar- 

berry. 

36.  Oleaster. 

37.  Fragrant  honeysuckle. 

38.  Japan  quince. 

39.  Common  barberry. 

40.  Silver  maple. 

41.  Indian  bean  or  Southern 

catalpa. 

42.  False   indigo. 

43.  English  hawthorn. 

44.  Arrowwood. 

45.  European  spindle  tree. 

46.  Siberian  red  osier. 

47.  Bur  or  mossy  cup  oak. 

48.  Weigela.     (Deep     crim- 

son flowers.) 

49.  Snowball. 

50.  Weigela. 

51.  Bush  Deutzia     (Pride  of 

Rochester). 

52.  Cornelian  cherry. 

53.  Sycamore  maple. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Diervilla  amabilis. 
Cercis   Canadensis. 
Alnus  glutinosa. 
Dcutzia  crenata. 

Xanthoxylum  Amcricanum. 

Philadelphus  grandiflorus. 
Ulmus  Americana. 
Cratcegus  cordata. 
Ccltis  occidentalis. 

Elaagnus  augustifolia. 
Louie  era  fragrantissima. 
Cydonia  Japonica. 
Berberds  vulgaris. 
Acer  dasycarpum. ' 
Catalpa  bignonioidcs. 

Amorpha  fructicosa. 
Cratagus  oxyacantha. 
Viburnum  dcntatum. 
Euonymus  Enropccus. 
Cornus  alba,  var.  Sibcrica. 
Qucrcus  inacrocarpa. 
Diervilla  Horibunda. 

Viburnum  opulis,  var.  stcrilis. 

Diervilla  amabilis. 

Deutzia  crenata,  var.  Pride  of 

Rochester. 
Corrnis  macsuln. 
Acer  pseudoplatanus. 


VIII. 

SECOND  TO  FOUETH  SUMMER  HOUSE,  LAEGE  LAKE. 

This  ramble  begins  at  the  third  fork  of  the  Walk 
to  the  west  of  the  rustic  (Ford)  bridge,  not  far  from 
Second  Summer  House,  Large  Lake.  We  commence 
with  the  left  hand  branch  of  the  fork  and  follow  the 
path  almost  due  west.  On  the  left  of  the  path,  as  we 
start  in,  are  well  grown  English  elms,  stocky,  hardy, 
oak-like  in  growth.  Speaking  of  English  elms,  in  this 
vicinity  the  whole  stretch  of  the  Walk  running  along 
the  south  side  of  Promenade  Drive  is  lined  with  them. 

But  to  come  back  to  our  path.  As  we  ramble  on, 
we  pass  maples,  mostly  sugar  maples,  on  the  right  and 
on  the  left.  The  fifth  tree,  on -the  left,  is  one  of  those 
peculiar  single-leaved  ash  trees,  (Fraxinus  excelsior, 
var.  monophylla).  Opposite  the  single-leaved  ash 
stands  European  linden.  Then  come  two  Scotch  elms 
on  the  left,  with  sugar  maples  opposite  them,  and,  be- 
yond the  second  Scotch  elm,  ash-leaved  maple. 

As  the  Walk  meets  the  Bridle  Path  here,  almost  at 
the  point  of  junction,  stands  a  black  haw  (Viburnum 
prunifolinm)  with  another  one  just  a  little  east  of  it. 
They  are  small  trees,  a  little  higher  than  your  head 
and  have  oval  leaves,  obtuse  or  slightly  pointed.  They 
bloom  in  late  May  or  early  June,  with  profuse  white 
flat  topped  clusters  of  flowers  and  their  fruit,  black  or 


I2O 


blue-black  berries  (sweet),  ripens  in  September.  The 
Walk  has  an  open  space  here,  as  you  go  on,  with  the 
Bridle  Path  close  on  its  left.  About  the  middle  of 
its  right  hand  bank  stands  a  fine  esh-leaved  maple.  A 
little  back  of  this  tree  and  to  the  east,  close  down  on 
the  water's  edge  is  one  of  the  handsomest  weeping 
beeches  in  the  Park.  Back  of  the  weeping  beech  on 
the  borders  of  the  little  cove  here,  are  European  silver 
linden  and  weeping  European  silver  linden. 

Coming  back  to  the  Walk  again  and  proceeding 
westward  we  find  on  the  left  of  the  Walk,  almost  on 
the  point  where  the  greensward  begins  to  form  a  bank 
at  the  junction  of  the  Walk  and  Bridle  Path,  a  fine 
mass  of  California!!  privet,  which,  in  June,  ic  covered 
with  white  flowers.  Then  comes  a  little  cluster  of 
European  flowering  ashes,  (Fraxinus  ornus).  You 
may  know  them  easily  by  their  short  trunks  and  gray, 
brittle-looking  branches.  There  are  a  number  of  them 
here,  and  if  you  pass  them  in  late  May  or  early  June 
you  will  see  them  all  fluffed  over  with  profuse  green- 
ish-white fringe-like  flowers,  borne  in  clusters  on  the 
ends  of  the  branches.  But  do  not  mistake  the  furthest 
one  of  these  low  branching  trees  for  one  of  the  Euro- 
pean flowering  ashes.  That  tree,  which  stands  about 
opposite  the  arm  of  the  Walk  which  runs  out  to  the 
Summer  House  here,  is  an  ash-leaved  maple,  or  box 
elder.  You  can  know  it  at  once  by  its  dark  greenish 
bark  and,  if  in  foliage,  by  its  pinnate  leaves,  of  from 
three  to  five  leaflets.  On  the  right  you  have  passed  to 
this  point  bald  cypress,  about  opposite  the  mass  of  Cal- 
ifornian  privet,  Forsythia  viridissima,  another  bald  cy- 


121 


press,  and  just  as  the  Walk  bends  off  an  arm  to  the 
little  Summer  House  that  holds  open  windows  over 
the  Large  Lake,  a  fine  tulip  tree  rattles  luxuriant 
leaves  in  the  waving  summer  breezes  or  holds  flam- 
boyant torches  of  straw  colored  seed  cones  against  the 
blue  of  winter  skies.  This  cozy  little  Summer  House, 
the  third  on  the  way  around  the  Large  Lake,  as  you 
go  westward  from  Ford  Bridge,  is  beautifully  hung 
in  summer  with  the  bloom  (purple)  of  the  Wistaria. 

As  the  Walk  leaves  the  Summer  House  and  slips 
along  beside  the  waters  of  the  Lake,  it  passes  a  clump 
of  European  hazel,  which  it  is  worth  while  to  come  to 
see  in  early  spring.  Then  its  little  catkins  lengthen 
into  hanging  lace  of  softest  golden  yellow,  with  faint 
tinges  of  red.  Do  not  miss  it.  It  is  a  fairy  sight  and 
you  can  see  it  in  early  March  when  the  crow  blackbirds 
begin  to  wheeze  over  the  leafless  trees.  This  hazel 
clump  stands  about  midway  between  the  Summer 
House  and  the  main  Walk,  on  the  water  side  of  the 
Walk. 

Now  we  come  back  again  to  our  main  Walk  and  fol- 
low it  westward  again.  On  the  right  we  pass  For- 
sythia,  hop  tree,  Kcclreuteria,  two  European  bird 
cherries,  nearly  side  by  side,  and  as  the  path  bends 
northward  to  follow  the  dent  of  the  cove  here,  we 
meet  great  masses  of  JVeigela,  which  in  June  will  blow 
rosy  horns  and  fill  the  air  with  fragrance.  Then  come 
Judas  tree,  Weigela,  bush  Deutzia,  with  white  single 
flowers,  Californian  privet,  large  flowered  syringa,  and 
bush  Deutzia  again,  bringing  us  to  another  junction  of 
the  Walk.  Back  of  the  first  clump  of  Deutzia  crcnata, 


122 


you  will  find  the  Northern  toothache  tree,  with  odd- 
pinnate  alternate  leaves  of  from  five  to  nine  leaflets. 
On  the  left  we  have  passed  Fra.i'iuns  Americana,  var. 
aucubae folia  aucuba-leaved  ash,  with  odd  looking, 
gold  blotched  leaves ;  European  flowering  ash ;  Kocl- 
rcuteria;  European  flowering  ash;  Kcclreutcria  again 
and  European  ash  again.  Then  comes  a  little  open 
space  and  we  begin  again  with  privet  (American  elm 
behind  it),  Wcigela  and  Washington  hawthorn,  about 
opposite  the  point  of  the  junction.  This  junction  runs 
off  from  the  Walk  to  the  right  to  thread  its  way 
through  the  leafy  arcades  of  little  peninsulas. 

As  we  walk  along,  just  beyond  the  point  of  junc- 
tion, well  grown  Washington  thorns  hang  over  the 
Walk  on  the  right.  You  may  know  them  in  foliage 
by  their  rather  triangular  leaves.  They  are  late  in 
reddening  their  berries,  but  they  hold  them  tenaciously 
arid  these  show  beautiful  ruddy  patches  of  color 
through  the  bare  winter  trees.  Beyond,  at  a  bend  of 
the  Walk,  stands  a  goodly  hackberry.  Opposite  the 
hackberry,  on  the  left  of  the  Walk,  are  clumps  of 
Japan  quince.  Note  their  thorns.  They  are  beauti- 
ful sights  in  April.  Then  they  fairly  flame  crimson 
with  their  scarlet  flowers,  golden  hearted  at  the  core, 
and  fill  all  the  paths  with  beautiful  outbursts  of  color. 
Beyond,  on  the  right,  are  tulip  trees  and  close  down 
by  the  Lake,  leaning  over  it,  the  Elaeagnus  bends  its 
willow-looking  trunk,  bristling  with  whip-like 
branches.  The  Elaeagnus  is  a  ragged,  tattered-looking 
sort  of  a  tree  in  winter,  with  its  shredded  bark,  and 
bunching,  close  clustering  shoots,  but  see  it  in  sum- 


123 

mer,  when  the  breeze  is  playing  with  its  living  silver, 
sending  swift  flames  of  light  through  its  soft  gray- 
green,  or  smell  it  when  it  unbosoms  its  spicy  fragrance 
to  the  July  or  early  August  heat.  You  can  scarcely 
believe  that  so  pungent  a  perfume  can  come  from  the 
little  yellow  flowers  you  see  on  this  willow-looking 
tree.  If  you  pass  it  during  the  early  days  of  Septem- 
ber, look  carefully  amid  its  leaves  for  its  very  beauti- 
ful silver-gray  berries.  They  are  about  half  an  inch 
long  and  quarter  of  an  inch  wide. 

The  path  makes  a  bend  here,  and  as  you  swing  with 
it  you  pass,  on  the  left,  great  bushes  of  barberry  (Bcr- 
beris  iwlgaris),  which  in  late  May  deck  themselves 
with  hanging  clusters  of  golden  flowers.  In  the  au- 
tumn how  beautiful  are  their  cool  crimson  berries  and 
frosty  red-purple  leaf  tints!  Walk  here  in  September 
just  to  see  them.  Close  down  by  the  water  is  AinorpJia 
fructicosa,  and  a  little  further  west  along  the  stream- 
side,  you  will  find  arrowwood  with  its  beautifully  cut 
leaves.  By  the  Walk,  on  the  right,  are  more  Wash- 
ington thorns  and  on  the  little  jut  of  land  that  noses 
out  into  the  Lake,  just  beyond,  are  hackberry  and  Eu- 
ropean linden.  You  can  tell  the  European  linden  in 
winter  by  its  dusky  branches  and  reddish  end  twigs. 
The  silver  lindens  have  light  granite-gray  bark  and 
branches.  On  the  left,  about  opposite  the  westerly 
Washington  thorn,  is  a  good  sized  clump  of  Siberian 
red  osier  with  white  flowers  in  flat  heads  in  early 
summer,  which  develop  into  white  berries.  This  bush 
has  brilliant  glossy  crimson  twigs  in  winter.  A  little 
south-west  of  it  rises  the  spire-like  form  of  a  handsome 


124 

bald  cypress  (Taxod'nim  distichum),  distichum  be- 
cause the  leaves  spread  in  two  ranks.  If  you  wish  to 
see  a  sight  of  great  beauty,  watch  the  bald  cypresses 
dress  their  branches  in  the  early  spring,  covering  them 
with  fine  feathery  leaves  of  tenderest  green.  Here 
comes  another  open  stretch  of  Walk  with  the  water 
of  the  Large  Lake  close  to  the  path.  In  a  corner  of 
the  little  bay  the  Amorpha  fructicosa  is  met  again, 
holding  up  its  conspicuous  tell-tale  fingers,  full  of 
seeds,  to  the  eye  of  the  winter  rambler.  Across  the 
short  stretch  of  open,  you  meet  rearing  up,  dark 
barked  and  grizzly,  the  strong,  rugged  overcup  or 
mossy  cup  oak.  If  you  chance  here  in  autumn,  you 
will  have  no  difficulty  in  finding  under  this  tree  its 
identifying  acorns,  great  hairy-looking  things  all 
frouzled  over  with  fringe  which  literally  on  many 
acorns  almost  covers  the  nut.  Against  the  winter's 
sky  the  tree  cuts  a  clear,  bold  outline  for  all  its  twist- 
ing branches.  Its  end  branches  are  noticeably  corky 
and  somewhat  quadrangular.  Closer  to  the  Walk  are 
clumps  of  Weigela  with  rose-colored  flowers  in  June ; 
common  snowball,  with  great  white  globes  of  bloom  in 
May ;  syringa  with  white  four-petaled  fragrant  flowers 
in  June.  Further  along,  still  on  the  right  of  the  Walk, 
is  red  osier  or  spreading  cornel,  Cornus  stolonifera, 
easily  known  by  its  striated  branches  and,  in  autumn, 
by  its  lead  colored  or  blue-black  berries,  silver  lindens, 
Tilia  Europ&a,  var.  argentea  and  Tilia  Europcca,  var. 
argentea  pcndnla,  Weigela,  Forsythia  viridissima,  Cor- 
nelian cherry  (Cornus  mascula)  and  Judas  tree.  Here 
the  Walk  reaches  out  another  arm  to  the  right  feel- 


125 

ing  for  the  third  westerly  Summer  House  on  the  bor- 
ders of  the  Large  Lake. 

Up  to  this  point,  you  have  passed  on  the  left,  Euro- 
pean linden  (about  opposite  the  snowball),  two  beau- 
tiful little  English  hawthorns  (about  opposite  the  sil- 
ver lindens),  Norway  maple  (opposite  the  Forsythia), 
European  linden  (diagonally  opposite  the  Cornelian 
cherry),  Scotch  elm  (Uluius  Montana),  about  oppo- 
site the  spot  where  the  Walk  sends  out  its  arm  to 
the  Summer  House.  A  little  further  on  the  Walk 
forks  again,  a  short  branch  leading  to  the  left  close 
to  the  Bridle  Path,  the  other  drawing  you  along 
through  mazy  tangles  of  interlacing  shrubs  and  over- 
arching boughs,  beside  still  waters  which  sleep  amid 
nooky  peninsulas  and  floating  islands  that  lull  the 
spirit  into  peace  and  melt  the  city  away  through  the 
mists  of  their  leafy  scenes.  This  is  one  of  the  most 
beautiful  parts  of  the  Park  and  is  so  loved  by  birds 
that  you  cannot  wander  here  in  the  leafy  months 
without  getting  sight  of  many  a  wing  flash.  There 
were  a  pair  of  yellow  billed  cuckoos  I  watched  one 
summer  at  home  in  their  nest  near  here,  and  many  a 
time  have  I  seen  the  scarlet  flash  of  the  red-winged 
blackbird  skimming  these  silent  waters  or  watched  the 
king  bird  spread  his  white  belted  tail  from  the  rustling 
tops  of  some  of  these  lakeside  bushes.  At  every  turn 
the  landscape  artist  has  made  for  the  rambler  here 
vistas  of  marvelous  beauty.  Walk  here  in  autumn 
when  the  stripping  winds  have  bared  the  trees  but 
to  build  leaf  bridges  over  these  quiet  coves  or  come 
later  when  the  frost  first  kisses  them  and  prisons  the 
floating  leaves  in  glass. 


SECTIONAL  DIAGRAM 
N<?9 


Explanations,  Sectional  Diagram  No.  9 


COMMON   NAME 

1.  European  white  birch. 

2.  English  cork  bark  elm. 

3.  Willow-leaved  European 

flowering  ash. 

4.  Shady  hydrangea. 

5.  Cucumber  tree. 

6.  Honey  locust. 

7.  Silver  maple. 

8.  Weeping  European 

larch. 

9.  European  silver  linden. 

10.  European  ash. 

11.  English  hawthorn.   (Red 

flowers.) 

12.  Black  or  pear  hawthorn. 

13.  European  or  tree  alder. 

14.  Laburnum,  golden  chain, 

or  bean  trefoil  tree. 

15.  Koelreuteria. 

16.  False  indigo. 

17.  Fringe  tree. 

18.  Hercules's    club,    Devil's 

walking   stick,   or   An- 
gelica tree. 

19.  Smoke  tree. 

20.  Ninebark. 

21.  Black  or  pear  hawthorn. 

22.  Fragrant  honeysuckle. 

23.  Cut-leaved  weeping  Eu- 

ropean white  birch. 

24.  Shadbush,  June  berry,  or 

service  berry. 

25.  European  flowering  ash. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Betula  alba. 

Ulmus   campestris,   var.   sub- 

crosa. 
Fraxinus    or  mis,   var.    salici- 

folia. 

Hydrangea  arborescens. 
Magnolia  acitminata. 
Gleditschia  triacanthos. 
Acer  dasycarpum. 
Larix  Europcca,  var.  pendula. 

Tilia  Europcca,  var.  argentea. 
Fraxinus  excelsior. 
Cratccgus   oxyacantha. 

Cratccgus  tomentosa. 
Alnus  glutinosa. 
Laburnum  vulgare. 

Koelreuteria  paniculata. 
AmorpJia  fructicosa. 
Chionanthus  Virginica. 
Aralia  spinosa. 


Rhus  cotinus. 

Physocarpus  (or  Spiiyea)  op- 

ulifolia. 

Cratccgus  tomentosa. 
Lonicera   fragrantissima. 
Betula     alba,     var.     pendula 

laciniata. 
Amclanchier  Canadensis. 

Fraxinus  ornus. 


130 


COMMON  NAME 

26.  Ash-leaved  maple  or  box 

elder. 

27.  Weeping    European    sil- 

ver linden. 

28.  English  hawthorn. 

29.  Golden  bell  or  Forsythia. 

30.  Yellow-wood. 

31.  Siberian  pea  tree. 

32.  Ginkgo  tree. 

33-  Japan  stachyurus. 

34.  Round-leaved     or     vine 

maple. 

35.  Sycamore  maple. 

36.  Norway  maple. 

37.  False1  indigo. 

38.  Japan  maple. 

39.  Japan  pagoda  tree. 

40.  Camperdown  elm. 

41.  New  American  willow. 

42.  European   purple   beech. 

(Leaves      very      dark 
crimson-purple.) 

43.  Austrian  pine. 

44.  Californian  privet. 

45.  Kentucky  coffee  tree. 

46.  Kcelreuteria. 

47.  Bayberry  or  wax  myrtle. 

48.  Arrowwood. 

49.  We'eping  European 

beech. 

50.  Golden  barked  Babylon- 

tan  or  weeping  willow. 

51.  Pin  oak  or  swamp  Span- 

ish oak. 

52.  Black  oak. 

53.  Umbrella  tree. 

54.  Soulange's  magnolia. 

55.  Weeping  bald  cypress. 

56.  Ailanthus  or  tree  of 

Heaven. 

57.  Japan  snowball. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 
Negundo  aceroides. 

Tilia  Europaea,  var.  argent ca 

(or  alba}. 

Cratcegus  oxyacantha. 
Forsythia   viridissima. 
Cladrastis  tinctona. 
Caragana  arborescens. 
Salisburia  adiantifolia. 
Stachyurus  pracox. 
Acer  citcinatum. 

Acer  pseudoplatanus. 

Acer  platanoides. 

Amor p  ha  fructicosa. 

Acer  polymorphum. 

Soph  or  a  Japonic  a. 

Ulmus    montana,    var.    Cam' 

pcrdownii  pendula. 
Salix  purpurca,  var.  pendula. 
Fagus  sylvatica,  var.  atropur- 

purca. 

Pinus  Austriaca. 
Ligustrum  ovalifoliu in. 
Gymnocladus  Canadensis. 
Kcelreuteria  paniculata. 
Myrica  cerifera. 
Viburnum  dentatum. 
Fagus  sylvatica }  var.  pendula. 

Sali.v  Babylonica,  var.  ramu- 

lis  aureis. 
Quercus  palustris. 

Quercus   coccinea,  var.    tinc- 

toria. 

Magnolia  umbrella. 
Magnolia   Soulangeana. 
Taxodium     distichum,     var. 

pendulum. 
Ailanthus   glandulosus. 

Viburnum  plicatuin. 


COMMON   NAMF 


BOTANICAL   NAME 


58.  Aucuba-leaved  ash. 

59.  Josika  lilac  or  chionan- 

thus  (fringe  tree) 
leaved    lilac.     Purple 
flowers). 

60.  Dwarf  mountain  sumac. 

61.  European  mountain-ash 

or  Rowan  tree. 

62.  Purple    leaved    Norway 

maple. 

63.  Maple  of  Northern 

China. 

64.  Black  cherry. 

65.  Pyramid  oak. 

66.  Common  locust. 

67.  European  spindle  tree. 

68.  French  tamarisk. 

69.  Bay  or  laurel-leaved  wil- 

low. 

70.  Common  elder  and  false 

indigo.      (Intermin- 
gled). 

71.  Lombardy  poplar. 

72.  Reeve's  spiraea. 

73.  Common  buckthorn. 

74.  American  or  white  elm. 

75.  Scotch  elm. 

76.  European  white  birch. 

77.  Willow  oak. 

78.  American  basswood. 

79.  Ring-leaved     or     curled- 

leaved  willow. 

80.  Salmon  barked  willow. 

81.  Dwarf  Japan  catalpa. 

82.  White  mulberry. 

83.  Scarlet  fruited  thorn. 

84.  Scentless  mock  orange  or 

syringa. 

85.  Black  haw. 

86.  Oval-leaved  variety  of 

the  cockspur  thorn, 


Fraxinus      Americana,     var. 

auctibce  folia. 
Syringa  Josikaa. 


Rhus  copallina. 
Pyrus  aucuparia. 

Acer  platanoidcs,  var.  Gene- 
va. 
Acer  truncatum. 

Prunus  scrotina. 

Quercus     robur,    var.     fasti- 

giata. 

Robinia  pseudacacia. 
Euonymus  Europaus. 
Tamarix  Gallica. 
Salix   pentandra    (or    Lauri- 

folia). 
Sambucus     Canadensis     and 

Amorpha  fructicosa. 

Populus  dilatata. 

Spircca  Reevesiana. 

Rhamnus  cathartica. 

Ulmus  Americana. 

Ulmus  montana. 

Betula  alba. 

Quercus  phellos. 

Tilia  A  m erica na. 

Salix  Babylonica,  var.  annu- 

laris. 
Salix  alba,  var.  vitellina  Brit- 

zensis. 

Catalpa  Bungei. 
Morus   alba. 
Cratcegus  coccinca. 
Philadelphus  inodorus. 

Viburnum  prunifolium. 
Cratagus       criis-galli,       var, 
ovalifolia, 


132 


COMMON   NAME 

87.  Bush  Dentzia. 

88.  Standish's  honeysuckle. 

89.  Japan  quince. 

90.  English  hawthorn   (Pink 

flowers). 

91.  European  linden. 

92.  Small    leaved    European 

linden. 

93.  Tartarian      honeysuckle. 

(Pure    white    fragrant 
flowers.) 

94.  Dwarf  mountain   sumac. 

95.  Mountain  maple. 

96.  Bur   or   mossy  cup  oak. 

97.  Paper  mulberry. 

98.  Japan  silver  fir. 

99.  Smooth   alder. 

100.  English  oak. 

101.  Alternate-leaved  dog- 

wood. 

102.  Cedar    of    Lebanon. 

103.  Bladder  senna. 

104.  Sweet   viburnum   or 

sheepberry. 

105.  Hybrid     variety  of     the 

tender      leaved      haw- 
thorn. 

106.  Umbel-flowered  oleaster. 

107.  Weir's    cut-leaved    silver 

maple. 


BOTANICAL   NAME 

Deutzia  crcnata. 
Lonicera  Standishii. 
Cydonia  Japonica.  -. 

Cratccgus  oxyacantha. 

Tilia  Europcca. 

Tilia    Europaa,    var.    parvi- 

folia. 
Lonicera  Tartarica,  var.  alba. 


Rhus  copallina. 
Acer    spicatum. 
Quercus  macrocarpa. 
Broussonctia  papyrifera. 
Abies  fir  ma. 
Alnus  scrrulata. 
Quercus  robur. 
Cornus  alternifolia. 

Cedrus  Libani. 
Colutea  arborescens. 
Viburnum  lentago. 

Var.  Cratccgus  tcnui folia. 


Elccagnus  umbellata. 
Acer  dasycarpum,  var.  Wcirii 
laciniatum. 


IX. 

FOUKTH  SUMMER  HOUSE  TO  BREEZE  HILL. 

On  the  extreme  south-westerly  peninsula  of  the 
Large  Lake  stands  the  fourth  little  Summer  House  or 
rustic  shelter.  It  is  charmingly  set,  half  hidden  by 
winding  ways  along  whose  wanderings  the  summer 
leaves  whisper  delightfully  to  every  breeze  that  steals 
in  from  the  Lake.  From  its  ever  open  windows  you 
can  see  the  noble  ridge  of  Lookout  Hill  and  the  sil- 
vering sheet  of  the  Lake  dancing  to  fresh  breezes  or 
perhaps  stilled  to  a  half-slumbrous  dream,  with  quiet 
shadows  glassed  about  the  coves  or  just  rippling 
enough  to  float  across  to  your  eye  the  dazzling  flash 
of  sparkling  sun  stars  shot  from  the  edges  of  tiny 
waves.  Far  over  on  the  large  Peninsula  the  weeping 
willows  drape  their  vails  of  green,  the  miniature 
yachts  careen  and  bend  and  sway,  weaving  and  inter- 
weaving mysterious  courses  and  all  about  you,  as  you 
sit  here  with  your  book,  the  birds  call,  the  insects 
sing  and  the  breeze  sends  dancing  shadows  of  leaves 
to  and  fro  over  the  floor  and  over  the  rustic  beams 
of  the  shelter. 

But  let  us  start  on  our  ramble.  At  the  left  of 
the  Fourth  Summer  House,  as  we  take  the  path, 
stands  a  pretty  young  European  white  birch,  and  be- 
yond it  a  sturdy  English  cork-bark  elm  which  in  early 


134 

• 

spring  is  covered  along  its  corky-ridged  branches, 
with  closely  bunched  clusters  of  purplish  flowers.  Very 
near  the  end  of  the  right  hand  branch  of  the  Walk, 
tall  and  conspicuously  set  on  the  edge  of  the  peninsula's 
shore,  a  beautiful  cucumber  tree  lifts  up  its  rather  py- 
ramidal form.  I  have  often  admired  the  tree,  whether  in 
^autumn  when  it  turns  a  beautiful  light  fawn  color  or 
in  the  dead  of  winter  when  it  flings  out  the  bravery 
of  its  light-gray  branches,  trimmed  with  the  warm 
furry  buds  that  proclaim  the  magnolia  family,  or  in 
late  May  or  early  June  when  it  sets  its  yellowish  green 
flowers  of  six  petals  through  the  shades  of  its  pointed 
leaves.  If  you  get  its  autumn  hues  across  the  sleep- 
ing waters  here,  you  will  not  soon  forget  the  sight. 

In  the  angle  of  the  fork  of  the  Walk,  stands  a 
willow-leaved  variety  of  the  European  flowering  ash, 
with  long  willow-like  compound  leaves  and  squat 
trunk  of  brittle  gray.  Just  across  the  Walk  from  it, 
on  the  left  of  the  path  are  some  noble  European  sil- 
ver lindens,  easily  known  by  their  smooth  satin-gray 
bark,  and  cordate  leaves,  dark  green  above  and  sil- 
very white  beneath. 

Very  close  to  the  water  near  the  spot  where  the 
cove  comes  up  to  spread  its  silver  near  the  Walk, 
stands  a  tall,  straight-limbed  tree  with  compound  leaves 
and  bark  that  says  "ash"  very  strongly.  In  it,  I  sup- 
pose you  have  recognized  a  fine  type  of  the  Fraxinus 
excelsior  or  European  ash,  for  such  it  is.  See  how 
closely  the  leaflets  set  to  the  leaf  stem,  and  if  you  have 
nothing  better  to  do  when  you  are  rambling  in  the 
Park  in  early  spring,  watch  for  the  bloom  of  this 


135 

tree.  It  throws  down  several  convenient  branches,  and 
if  you  want  to  get  a  good,  close  view  of  its  flow- 
ers, you  will  find  it  given  most  generally  by  this  tree. 
It  fairly  spouts  flowers.  Look  for  them  along  in 
late  April. 

A  step  or  so  onward  and  our  path  takes  a  turn 
to  the  right,  follows  the  lake  shore  and,  skirting  the 
southern  side  of  Lookout  Hill,  runs  around  the  large 
Peninsula,  over  Terrace  Bridge  to  Breeze  Hill. 

As  we  swing  around  to  the  right  and  walk  under 
the  leafy  canopies  of  dancing  leaves,  and  watch  the 
shifting  fantasia  of  light  and  shade  in  the  play  of 
the  brilliant  sunshine,  we  find  a  beautiful  English 
hawthorn  standing  on  the  left  of  the  Walk  about 
half  way  along  the  border  of  a  little  island  of  shrub- 
bery which  has  come  to  rest  in  the  inter-twinings  of 
this  admirably  wrought  landscape  gardening.  You 
know  it  at  once  by  its  deeply  cut  leaf  and  fine  thorns. 
But  have  you  seen  it  bloom.  If  not  come  to  it  in 
May,  and  look  upon  the  loveliness  of  its  rich  red 
flowers.  It  makes  a  fairy  picture  then.  Right  across 
from  it,  due  south,  on  the  border  of  the  Walk,  is  a 
hawthorn  of  very  different  leaf.  This  is  the  black 
or  pear  hawthorn,  and  its  leaves  are  tough  and  leath- 
ery when  fully  grown,  oval  or  ovate-oblong.  They 
have  a  characteristic  feature,  especially  noticeable,  i.  e., 
of  having  the  upper  sides  of  the  leaves  impressed 
along  the  larger  ribs  or  veins.  The  fruit  of  this  haw- 
thorn is  about  half  an  inch  long,  obovate  or  globose, 
and  when  ripe,  dull  red.  On  the  seeds  you  will  find 
furrows  on  the  outer  sides. 


136 

The  path  runs  on,  following  the  lake  border,  lead- 
ing through  leafy  bowers,  with  ever  changing  vistas 
of  water  and  islands  that  have  come  to  anchor  here, 
making  witching  nooks,  and  quiet,  dreaming  bays,  over 
which  the  enamoured  trees  lean  and  caress  with  droop- 
ing branches.  As  you  pass  along,  if  it  be  in  June, 
you  will  find  the  lovely  Laburnum,  letting  down  chains 
of  golden  bloom,  which  show  very  conspicuously 
amid  its  light  green  leaves.  But  if  it  is  not  in  flower, 
you  can  know  it  by  its  alternate  palmate  leaves  of 
three  leaflets.  Its  leaf  is  very  beautiful,  soft  and 
tender,  and  of  a  lovely  shade  of  green.  Its  flowers 
develop  into  pods  about  two  inches  long  which  are 
ripe  in  autumn.  You  will  find  this  laburnum  easi- 
ly, on  the  right  of  the  Walk,  a  little  further  than  half 
way  to  where  the  Walk  next  meets  the  water.  On 
the  left  of  the  Walk,  about  opposite  it,  is  a  tall  tree 
alder,  which  you  know  at  once  by  its  black  alder 
"cones,"  all  over  its  branches  and  its  roundish  ovate, 
leaf  cut  in  at  the  top. 

Where  the  Walk  next  comes  close  to  the  water's 
edge  stand  Kaelreuteria,  on  the  right,  and  false  in- 
digo on  the  left,  as  you  face  the  water.  Back  of 
the  false  indigo  is  a  fine  fringe  tree  with  wide-reach- 
ing branches  and  a  splendid  outburst  of  white  fringe- 
like  bloom  in  June.  Turning  again  and  passing  on,  at 
the  next  meeting  of  Walk  and  water,  you  will  find 
quite  a  large  clump  of  the  Hercules's  Club  or  Devil's 
Walking  Stick.  Just  beyond  it  is  another  pear  or 
black  hawthorn  and  across  the  Walk  from  it,  on  your 
left  as  you  face  toward  Lookout  Hill,  stands  smoke 


137 

tree.  Close  by  the  Walk,  on  the  left,  just  beyond 
the  smoke  tree  are  many  fine  bushes  of  the  Physo- 
carpus  or  ninebark,  and  beyond ,  these,  near  the  Drive 
crossing,  large  spreading  bushes  of  the  fragrant  hon- 
eysuckle. 

In  the  corner  of  the  open  space  of  Walk  here,  as 
you  go  on,  at  your  right,  a  well  grown  shadbush  hangs 
its  small,  finely  serrated  leaves  over  the  waters,  and 
on  the  rounded  turn  of  the  Walk,  still  on  the  right, 
you  will  find  the  cut-leaved  variety  of  the  weeping 
European  white  birch.  See  how  beautifully  its  leaves 
are  incised.  A  little  further  on  is  ash-leaved  maple 
and  then  weeping  European  silver  linden  and  Eu- 
ropean silver  linden  side  by  side.  Not  many  steps 
onward  and  you  meet  another  English  hawthorn,  which 
in  May  covers  itself  with  the  loveliest  of  pink  .double 
flowers. 

Again  the  path  comes  down  close  to  the  Lake,  and 
at  the  corner  of  the  bank,  where  the  sward  narrows 
handsome  clumps  of  the  sturdy  Forsythia  hold  up 
the  shining  lances  of  their  beautiful  leaves.  In  early 
spring  they  are  among  the  first  to  set  their  golden 
bells  a-chiming  and  they  are  rich  sights  if  you  get 
them  reflected  in  the  stream.  Right  back  of  this  open 
space  of  walk,  on  the  grass,  between  the  Walk  and  the 
Drive,  are  several  young  yellow-woods. 

As  you  go  on,  interesting  studies  of  things  botanical 
come  thick  and  fast,  now,  all  along  the  line  of  march, 
and  we  would  feign  linger  over  them  at  length,  but 
space  does  not  permit.  I  can  only  give  you  the  hint, 
the  filling  out  of  which  you  must  do  yourself.  On 


138 

the  right,  close  by  the  water's  edge,  stands  a  large 
bush  with  several  strong  branches  rising  and  spread- 
ing out  over  the  Walk  and  the  water,  its  smaller 
branches  set  with  alternate,  pinnate  leaves,  of  four 
to  six  pairs  of  oval-oblong  pointed  leaflets.  In  it 
you  have  no  doubt  already  recognized  the  Siberian 
pea  tree,  for  such  it  is.  A  little  while  ago  it  was 
of  beautiful  form,  but  it  has  been  sadly  broken. 

On  the  left  of  the  Walk,  opposite  the  Siberian  pea 
tree  are  some  ginkgo  trees  which  you  can  easily  iden- 
tify by  their  fan-shaped  leaves  and  branches,  which 
seem  to  lean  out  from  the  main  trunk  at  angles  of 
forty-five  degrees.  The  ginkgo  tree  has  also  a  dis- 
tinguishing light  gray  bark.  If  you  know  the  maiden 
hair  fern,  you  must  see  at  once  why  this  tree  is  called 
adiantifolia,  the  genus  name  of  the  maiden  hair  be- 
ing Adiantum.  In  the  first  frost  of  autumn,  the  gink- 
go tree  does  not  change  its  foliage  all  at 
once,  but  little  by  little,  with  soft,  yellow  tints 
which  deepen  gradually  inward  from  the  margin  of 
the  leaves.  The  effect  is  that  of  ruffle  on  ruffle,  like 
lace,  all  through  the  tree.  Its  name  ginkgo  is  de- 
rived from  the  Japanese  ginko  or  ginkgo,  Chinese 
yin-hing,  meaning  silver  apricot.  If  you  have  ever 
seen  its  fruit  after  it  has  been  thoroughly  dried,  you 
know  how  well  this  name  applies.  There  is  one  gink- 
go tree  in  the  Park,  which  bears  fruit  every  year  and  if 
you  wish  to  see  it,  you  will  find  it  on  the  left  of 
Endale  Arch,  as  you  go  from  the  Long  Meadow 
to  Plaza  Entrance.  The  fruit  looks  not  unlike  a 
light  yellow  plum,  but  it  has  anything  but  a  plum-like 


smell.  Indeed,  its  smell  is  something  to  keep  far 
away  from. 

In  between  the  ginkgo  trees  and  to  the  left  of 
them,  you  will  find  several  bushes  of  the  beautiful 
Japan  Stachyums.  This  bush  takes  its  name  from 
the  Greek  stachys,  a  spike  and  our  a,  a  tail,  referring 
to  the  form  of  its  catkins.  In  the  late  days  of  March 
or  early  April,  you  may  chance  to  be  passing  here 
and  if  you  do,  you  must  not  overlook  these  bushes, 
for  then  they  are  hung  full  of  beautiful  bell-like  flow- 
ers, drooping  with  great  grace,  in  long  axillary  racemes 
or  spikes.  Days  before  the  flowers  break  open,  you  will 
perhaps  have  noticed  the  long,  conspicuous  flower  buds 
hanging  thickly  from  the  axils  of  its  leaves. 

Passing  along,  by  the  border  of  the  Walk,  on  the 
left,  very  near  to  a  silver  maple  and  a  sycamore  ma- 
ple, stands  a  well  grown  tree  with  plump  trunk,  rather 
light  grayish-brown  bark,  and  leaves  so  beautifully 
cut  you  love  to  stop  and  linger  under  their  soft,  light 
green,  to  admire  their  fineness.  These  leaves  are 
round  and  deeply  cut  into  long,  slender  pointed  lobes. 
You  probably  recognize  by  them  the  Acer  circinatum 
or  round-leaved  maple. 

A  little  further  on,  with  short  trunk,  and  harsh, 
knobby,  knotty,  heavily  ridged  branches,  you  come 
upon  another  cork-bark  elm,  and  about  opposite  to 
it,  by  the  water's  edge  are  large  clumps  of  the  false 
indigo.  Along  the  Walk  a  short  stretch,  and  you 
find  a  handsome  Japan  maple,  on  the  left,  and  just 
across  the  Walk  from  it,  Japan  pagoda  tree  or  Sophora 
Japonica,  Then  come  more  ginkgo  trees  and  at  a 


140 

point  about  opposite  the  end  of  the  green  "island'' 
by  the  Drive,  you  pass,  on  your  left,  quite  a  cluster 
of  sophoras.  These  trees'  leaves  may  make  you 
think  of  the  locust.  They  belong  to  the  same  (Legunt- 
inoscz  or  pulse)  family,  flowering  in  great  panicles  of 
cream  white  in  late  July  or  early  August  and  the 
flowers  develop  into  long  chain-like  pods  of  glossy 
dark  green. 

Down  by  the  water's  edge,  about  opposite  the  group 
of  sophoras  just  spoken  of,  you  will  find  Camper- 
down  elm,  a  fine  European  purple  beech,  with  leaves 
of  a  deep  dark  crimson-purple,  and  further  on,  a  small 
graceful  tree  of  umbrella-like  form,  with  a  fine  rain 
of  slender  branches  decked  with  small,  narrow,  light 
gray  green  leaves.  This  tree  is  the  New  American 
Willow,  a  weeping  variety  of  the  purple  willow, 
grafted  on  the  stock  of  the  goat  willow.  Its  effect  is 
full  of  exquisite  grace.  Following  the  bend  of  the 
shore,  you  meet,  a  little  beyond,  a  goodly  cluster  of 
Austrian  pines,  all  doing  well  and  all  showing  off 
very  handsomely  the  thick,  heavy  dark  green  foliage 
which  is  their  glory. 

If  you  come  back  to  the  Walk  now,  on  your  left, 
and  a  few  feet  beyond  the  point  opposite  the  cluster 
of  Austrian  pines  just  spoken  of  you  pass  a  well  set 
group  of  Kcclreuteria,  and  at  the  very  point  where 
the  greensward  narrows  down  to  meet  the  Drive  at 
crossing,  stands  a  fine  young  Kentucky  coffee  tree 
which  you  readily  recognize  by  its  scaly  bark  and 
leaves  twice  pinnately  compound.  Across  the  Drive 
here,  at  the  extreme  point  made  by  the  fork  of  its  two 


141 

branches  (one  leading  to  Sixteenth  Street  Entrance 
and  the  other  turning  to  the  right  to  go  around  the 
Large  Lake  and  so  on  to  Terrace  Bridge)  stands, 
I  believe,  the  most  perfect  type  of  Austrian  pine  in 
the  Park.  It  is  nobly  set  and  rolls  out  its  girth 
against  the  sky  in  all  the  glory  of  its  strength.  You 
cannot  mistake  it,  for  it  is  the  only  tree  on  the  little 
point  of  greensward  between  the  Walk  and  the  two 
Drives.  At  the  right  hand  corner  of  the  Walk  back 
of  this  handsome  Austrian  pine,  close  by  the  Drive' 
stands  a  rich  clump  of  Californian  privet,  very  lusty 
and  glossy  in  the  full  sunshine  of  a  fair  day. 

But  we  will  keep  on  along  the  path  that  wanders 
by  the  side  of  the  Lake.  As  you  pass  along,  when 
you  have  come  to  a  point  about  opposite  a  spot  half- 
way between  the  clump  of  Californian  privet  above 
spoken  of,  and  a  lamp-post  on  the  Drive,  down  at  your 
right,  between  you  and  the  water,  but  nearer  the 
Walk  than  the  water,  you  will  find  a  shrub  with  lance- 
oblong  leaves.  If  you  rub  them  with  your  fingers 
and  then  smell  of  your  fingers,  you  will  be  surprised  to 
find  what  a  fragrance  you  have  drawn  from  the  leaves. 
It  is  an  aroma  once  known  you  will  never  forget. 
The  leaves  are  mostly  entire,  that  is  with  margins 
not  serrated  or  cut,  and,  as  the  season  advances, 
grow  glossy  on  the  upper  sides.  Clustered  in  a  no- 
ticeable way  along  its  branches,  you  will  find  the  berry 
which  has  given  this  shrub  its  name — bayberry  or 
wax  myrtle.  The  berries  show  quite  plainly,  clus- 
tered close  together  in  little  bunches.  They  are  not 


142 

very  large,  smaller  than  small  peas,  and  are  thickly 
crusted  over  with  greenish-white  wax. 

Just  beyond  the  bushes  of  wax  myrtle  you  will 
find  some  elegant  clumps  of  the  arrow  wood  or  Vibur- 
num dentatum  which  you  at  once  recognize  by  their 
saw-cut  leaves.  Another  Californian  privet  stands  a  few 
feet  from  the  arrowwood,  closer  to  the  Walk,  looking 
very  elegant  with  its  dark  green,  lance-elliptic  leaves 
and  stiffish  outshooting  branches.  This  privet  turns 
in  the  autumn,  a  rich  indigo-bronze.  The  Californian 
privet  is  quite  different  from  the*  so-called  common 
privet,  (Ligitstrum  vulgare).  The  latter  has  a  much 
smaller  leaf,  not  so  elliptic  in  shape,  and  of  a  bluish 
or  bottle  green  color.  You  will  find  specimens  of 
both  kinds  side  by  side,  further  on,  very  near  the 
fork  of  the  Walk,  beyond  the  Artesian  Well.  But 
that  is  getting  ahead  of  our  story.  As  you  stand 
beside  the  Californian  privet  just  spoken  of,  look 
across,  at  your  left,  to  the  noble  fountain-fall  of 
leafspray  dropped  and  suddenly  held  by  some  enchant- 
ment in  mid-air  which  that  magnificent  weeping  Eu- 
ropean beech  holds  for  you  over  on  the  slopes  of 
Lookout  Hill.  Is  it  not  a  beauty!  Watch  it  when 
the  breeze  stirs  it  into  rippling  light.  Silver  flows 
down  its  glossy  leaves  in  spangling  flashes  and  if  you 
come  near  to  it,  your  ear  will  be  refreshed  with  the 
cool  whispering  of  its  leafy  music. 

The  Walk  bends  gracefully  here  to  the  right  and 
sweeps  around  the  base  of  Lookout  Hill  toward  the 
Peninsula.  Not  far  from  the  spot  marked  "culvert" 
on  the  sectional  diagram,  yon  will  find  a  golden 


143 

barked  variety  of  the  Babylonian  or  weeping  willow. 
In  winter  its  twigs  turn  a  rich,  strong  yellow,  and 
its  falling  rain  of  trailing  branches  makes  it  like  a 
golden  vail. 

Across  the  Drive,  a  little  diagonally  opposite  the 
culvert  stands  a  lamp-post,  a  little  to  the  west  of 
which  are  more  clumps  of  Californian  privet,  and  to 
the  east  of  it,  set  off  at  about  equal  distances  from 
each  other,  you  will  find  handsome  young  growths 
of  the  Magnolia  Soulangeana.  One  of  the  trees  in 
the  clump  here,  the  second,  by  the  Drive,  beyond  the 
lamp-post,  is  an  umbrella  tree  which  you  recognize 
by  its  large  leaves  hanging  in  true  umbrella-like  form 
at  the  ends  of  its  branches. 

Beyond  the  umbrella-tree,  on  the  right  of  the  Walk, 
you  pass  a  lusty  young  weeping  bald  cypress.  Ex- 
amine its  rather  chain-like  growth  of  leaves  and  see 
how  different  they  are  from  the  flat  leaf  sprays  of 
the  bald  cypress  itself.  The  characteristic  look  of 
the  weeping  bald  cypress  is  plume-like.  Its  branches 
appearing  to  arch  gently  outwards.  Both  trees  have 
their  own  expressions  and  each  h  equally  fine  in  its 
way.  In  some  of  the  botanies,  you  will  find  the  weep- 
ing bald  cypress  referred  to  as  Glyptostrobus  Sinen- 
sis,  var.  pendulus  (weeping  Chinese  cypress).  You 
can  always  tell  it  by  its  close,  rather  chain-like  growth 
of  leaves. 

As  you  follow  the  lake  side,  not  far  from  the  Arte- 
sian Well,  you  will  find  a  couple  of  young  weeping 
European  white  birches  drooping  slender  vails  of  beau- 
tifully cut  leaves.  The  bark  of  these  trees  is  red- 


144 

dish  white  against  the  steel-blue  of  the  Lake.  Over 
by  the  Artesian  Well  is  a  magnificent  display  of  lilacs 
of  over  eighty  different  varieties.  A  little  north-west 
of  the  lamp-post,  which  stands  by  the  Drive,  west 
of  the  Artesian  Well,  a  good  specimen  of  the  ailanthus 
has  taken  firm  stand. 

Beyond  the  Artesian  Well,  the  Walk  branches  into 
two  forks.  One,  the  left  hand,  follows  on  by  the  side 
of  the  Drive,  and  crosses  Terrace  Bridge  to  Breeze 
Hill.  The  other  slopes  gently  down  to  the  right  and 
searches  the  most  delightful  arcades  of  greenery,  the 
lovely  nooks  of  the  Peninsula..  If  you  love  light  and 
the  shine  of  things  green,  the  breath  of  dew  and  the 
song  of  birds,  come  here  in  June,  early  in  the  morn- 
ing, when  the  gold  of  the  sunlight  is  illuminating 
all  the  paths  with  an  ever  changing  dance  of  sunbeams ; 
when  the  grasses  are  all  bending  with  the  silver  of 
the  dew  and  sparkling  diamond  drops  from  their  arch- 
ing tips.  The  robins  run  over  the  new  mown  lawn, 
stop  a  bit  to  stare  at  yon  and  then  run  on.  The  golden 
bee  is  already  abroad  brushing  the  moist  lips  of  fra- 
grant flowers  and  the  quiet  air  is  broken  by  the  splash 
of  leaping  fish  in  the  Lake,  feeding  along  the  dream- 
ing coves. 

We  take  the  right  hand  fork  and  go  down  to  the 
Peninsula.  In  its  fork  is  Japan  snowball,  with  easily 
distinguishable  folded  or  plicated  leaf,  generally  round 
but  often  longer  than  broad.  Just  as  you  have  started 
to  follow  the  path  over  the  lovely  green  stretches  of 
the  Peninsula,  you  pass,  on  your  left,  a  sweet  viburnum 
which  vou  can  know  at  once  bv  its  verv  finelv  ser- 


145 

rated  leaves.  The  Walk  goes  on  to  another  fork  and 
just  before  you  come  to  that  branch,  there  are  some 
interesting  things  off  to  your  right.  If  you  have 
learned  to  know  the  yellow-wood  in  your  park  ram- 
bles, with  its  smooth,  light  gray  bark  and  compound 
leaves  of  rather  roundish  leaflets,  you  will  find  three 
of  them  here  almost  in  a  line  with  each  other,  parallel 
with  the  Walk.  Clustered  close  together  just  back 
of  the  central  of  the  three  yellow-woods,  you  will 
find  some  very  interesting  bushes  with  leaves  which 
make  you  think  of  dogwood.  But  they  are  not  dog- 
woods by  any  means.  Look  along  the  branchlets 
for  the  thorns  you  should  find  terminating  them. 
These  will  give  you  the  clue  to  their  identification. 
They  are  good  specimens  of  the  common  buckthorn, 
healthy  and  doing  well.  Look  at  their  ovate  leaves 
closely  and  you  will  see  that  they  are  finely  serrate. 
The  flowers  of  these  shrubs  are  very  small,  greenish, 
four  parted,  scarcely  noticeable,  in  clusters  in  the 
axils  of  the  leaves,  and  they  develop  into  small,  black 
berries,  which  are  ripe  in  September. 

Near  the  Miniature  Yacht  Club  House,  a  little  to 
the  left  of  it,  you  will  find  not  far  from  an  American 
elm,  a  young  willow  oak.  You  can  easily  identify 
it  by  its  narrow-lanceolate  leaves,  which  have  their 
margins  entire  or  nearly  so.  They  look  very  willow- 
like,  especially  when  young.  Then  they  are  scurfy 
and  light  green,  but  they  soon  grow  smooth. 

In  the  center  of  the  Peninsula  the  Walk  forks  into 
a  double  set  of  branches,  forming  a  kind  of  oblique 
cross.  One  of  these  forks  wanders  by  several  devious 


146 

ways,  down  to  the  very  end  of  the  Peninsula.     Let 
us  go  down  with  it.     As  you  proceed,  you  pass  Cali- 
fornian  privet,  on  your  left,  and  at  the  point  of  the 
fork,  on  your  right,  Scotch  elm  and  American  bass- 
wood.     On  the  point  of  this  island  of  shrubbery  that 
now  meets  you  on  your  left  is  a  good  clump  of  dwarf 
Japan  catalpas.     Following  down  the  right  hand  path- 
way  embracing  this   island   of  shrubbery   set   in  the 
encircling  walk,  you  will  find  white  mulberry,  easily 
known  by  its  glossy  three   shapes   of   leaves,   and  a 
fine   scarlet    fruited   thorn.     Another   little   island   of 
shrubbery  meets  us  as  we  go  on,  and  we  take  the 
left  branch  of  the  Walk.   Then  we  pass,  on  our  right, 
beginning  at  the  end  of  this  island,  ginkgo  tree,  known 
easily  by  its  fan-shaped  leaves,  fringe  tree,  more  gink- 
go  trees,  yellow-wood,  small  leaved  European  linden, 
and  Japan  pagoda  tree  at  the  far  or  eastern  end  of 
this  "island."  On  your  left  hand  you  have  passed  up  to 
this  point,   English  hawthorn,  which  bears  beautiful 
pink  flowers  in   May,  Japan  quince  on  the  westerly 
point  of  another  island  of  shrubbery  set  in  here,  then 
two  fine  yellow-woods  with  smooth  gray  bark,  then 
gingko  tree  again  and  Standish's  honeysuckle  on  the 
easterly  end  of  this  "island,"  just  opposite  the  Japan 
pagoda  tree  on  the  easterly  end  of  the  other  "island.'* 
We  are  through  the  "islands,"  so  gracefully  set  in 
the  paths  here,  and  the  Walk  loiters  on  in  easy  wind- 
ings to  the   extreme   end   of  the   Peninsula.     If  you 
go  on  with  it,  you  find  two  pretty  black  haws  a  little 
further   along,    standing   about    opposite    each    other, 
and  beyond  these,  on  your  right,  as  you  go  easterly, 


147 

you  will  find  a  very  beautifully  leaved  hawthorn  stand- 
ing modestly  by  the  bend  of  the  path  as  it  makes  its 
last  turn,  which  is  to  the  right.  This  is  a  hybrid  of  the 
Crataegns  tcnufolia.  Beyond  it  is  Californian  privet, 
and,  at  the  very  end  of  the  Walk,  a  beautiful  hawthorn 
with  dark  oval  glossy  green  shining  leaves  and  large 
thorns.  This  is  the  oval  leaved  variety  of  the  cock- 
spur  thorn  and  in  its  way  it  is  a  little  beauty. 

Let  us  turn  around  now  and  go  back,  but  instead  of 
quite  retracing  our  steps,  follow  the  right  hand  border 
of  the  path  until  it  meets  the  Walk  which  comes  from 
under  Terrace  Bridge.  About  opposite  the  Japan 
pagoda  trees,  which  we  passed  on  the  way  down,  you 
will  see  a  good  bush  Dentzia.  Beyond  the  Dcutzia  is 
Koclreuteria.  Right  out  across  from  these,  if  you  care 
to  push  through  the  grass  to  the  water's  edge,  you  will 
find  two  specimens  of  the  umbel-flowered  oleas- 
ter (Elccagnus  uinbcllata).  You  cannot  miss  them. 
Their  leaves  are  elliptic  or  oblong  ovate,  crisped  about 
the  margins  and  silvery  white  on  the  undersides,  often 
marked  with  a  few  brown  scales.  Having  taken  a  de- 
tour to  see  these,  we  go  on,  following  the  right  hand 
border  of  the  Walk. 

Near  the  spot  where  the  Walk  conies  down  close  to 
the  water,  there  are  some  interesting  things  to  pause 
over  for  a  few  moments  at  least.  If  you  stop  at  the 
middle  of  the  open  stretch  of  path,  and  face  the  water, 
due  north,  you  will  have  upon  your  right  two  beautiful 
English  hawthorns,  one  of  them  bearing  light  reddish 
or  pink  flowers  in  May.  On  your  left,  very  close  to  the 
water  are  some  salmon  barked  varieties  of  the  white 


148 

willow.  You  see  that  they  have  the  leaf  of  the  variety 
vitellina  (the  golden  willow),  but  their  barks  are  very 
different  from  that  of  vitellina,  as  you  will  see  if  you 
come  to  them  in  the  winter.  As  winter  approaches 
these  trees  change  their  barks  first  to  brassy  gold,  then 
to  pink  and  then  to  crimson-pink.  Next,  to  the  left 
of  the  salmon-barked  willows,  standing  a  little  back 
from  the  Walk  is  a  very  peculiar  looking  sapling,  with 
leaves  curiously  curled  and  twisted  into  ring-like 
wreathings.  This  is  the  curled-leaved  or  ring-leaved 
willow,  and  it  is  a  variety  of  the  weeping  willow. 

If  you  turn  to  the  west  now  and  follow  the  path's 
right  hand  border,  it  will  lead  you  around  the  shore 
of  a  little  arm  of  the  Lake  nestled  here.  When  you 
come  to  a  point  where  it  (the  Walk)  makes  its  last 
junction  before  meeting  the  path  from  under  Terrace 
Bridge,  you  will  find  three  fine  clumps  of  the  Reeve's 
spiraea.  Back  of  them  stands  a  golden  barked  weeping 
willow.  Side  by  side,  on  the  point  that  juts  from  the 
shore  just  back  of  the  willow  are  two  fine  specimens  of 
the  Lombardy  poplar. 

Continuing  along  the  path,  which  has  turned  from  a 
westerly  to  a  northerly  direction,  you  pass  golden 
barked  weeping  willow,  common  elder,  false  indigo. 
Then  comes  an  open  stretch  and  laurel-leaved  willow, 
glossy  and  shining;  false  indigo  again,  mixed  in  with 
Cornus  stolonifera;  and  then  French  tamarisk.  Just 
beyond  the  last  fork  of  the  Walk  you  should  notice  the 
fine  cluster  of  European  spindle  trees  which  stand 
grouped  together  in  cozy  gatherings  on  the  right  of 
the  Walk.  They  make  a  fine  showing  in  the  frosty 
days  of  early  autumn  with  their  brilliant  crimson  fruits, 


149 

the  husks  of  which  curl  back  and  show  the  orange 
tinted  seeds. 

Now  we  turn  at  the  last  fork,  sharply  to  the  left  and 
go  up  the  Walk  that  climbs  the  hill  to  meet  the  Walk 
beside  the  Drive  which  passes  over  Terrace  Bridge. 
Just  as  this  path  joins  the  drive  walk,  there  is  a  very 
beautiful  cluster  of  European  mountain-ashes.  Just 
before  you  come  to  these,  notice  on  your  right,  the 
handsome  little  maple  standing  near  one  of  them.  You 
will  find  it  easily  by  its  leaves  which  are  chiefly  five 
lobed  with  the  lobes  acuminate.  The  leaves  have  a 
rather  truncate  base.  It  is  one  of  the  rarest  maples 
in  cultivation  and  is  the  Acer  truncatum  or  maple  of 
Northern  China. 

As  you  meet  the  drive  walk,  turn  to  your  right  and 
follow  it  over  Terrace  Bridge.  Notice  on  your  right 
as  you  go  along  the  handsome  dark-purple-leaved  va- 
riety "Geneva,"  of  the  Norway  maple.  Don't  mis- 
take this  for  the  Schwedler's  maple.  You  will  find  ex- 
cellent specimens  of  the  Schwedler's  maple  as  you 
enter  the  Park  from  Ocean  Avenue.  They  stand  on  the 
Walk  in  front  of  the  right  hand  path  as  you  enter  the 
Park.  The  Schwedler's  leaf  is  larger  and  turns  green- 
ish as  the  season  advances.  Further  along  the  drive 
path,  you  pass  black  cherry  and  as  you  come  near  Ter- 
race Bridge,  a  small  oak  tree  of  noticeably  pyramidal 
form.  It  is  the  pyramid  oak  and  its  leaves  tell  you 
that  it  is  a  variety  of  the  English  oak.  Beside  the  pyra- 
mid oak,  nearer  the  Bridge,  you  find  common  locust. 

Across  the  Bridge,  just  back  of  the  lamp-post  which 
stands  as  a  beacon  by  the  pathside,  the  rich  glossy 


stem-winged  leaves  of  the  dwarf  mountain  sumac  de- 
tain your  eye.  How  lovely  they  are  in  autumn  when 
the  frost  sets  them  glowing  in  rich  cool  crimsons.  The 
staghorn  and  the  smooth  sumacs  turn  a  bright  brilliant 
scarlet  crimson,  but  the  copallina,  smoulders  with  a  less 
intense  flame  and  holds  its  fire  longer.  Down  the  hill- 
side a  little,  at  your  right  you  will  find  not  far  from  the 
winding  Walk  that  creeps  out  from  under  the  Bridge 
and  loiters  easily  along  the  lake  border  of  Breeze  Hill, 
a  pretty  young  mountain  maple,  with  leaves  of  three 
(sometimes  five,  but  rarely)  coarsely  serrate  lobes  and 
base  slightly  cordate.  The  lobes  are  taper  pointed. 
If  you  are  passing  this  shrub  in  June,  look  for  its  deli- 
cate spikes  or  panicles  of  greenish  yellow  flowers. 
Below  the  mountain  maple,  close  by  the  Walk,  you 
will  find  tiger's  tail  spruce  (Pice a  polita)  with  leaves 
stiff  enough  to  identify  it  easily.  Coming  back  to 
the  Walk  beside  the  Drive,  in  the  fork  of 
the  Walk  just  beyond  the  lamp-post,  stands  a  bush 
of  the  white  flowered  variety  of  the  Tartarian  honey- 
suckle and  if  you  follow  on  to  the  Old  Fashioned 
Flower  Garden  which  crowns  the  summit  of  Breeze 
Hill  you  pass,  about  half  way  there,  a  little  off  from 
the  Walk,  at  your  right,  a  lusty  young  specimen  of  the 
Japan  silver  fir.  It  is  about  four  or  five  feet  high, 
with  strong  stiff  branches  and  leaves  of  marked  indi- 
viduality. You  cannot  mistake  them.  They  are  about 
one  inch  long  and  grow  very  closely  two-ranked  with 
a  noticeable  twist  at  the  base  where  they  join  the 
branch.  Moreover  they  are  distinctly  notched  at  the 
ends,  are  smooth  dark  green  on  the  upper  sides  and 
rather  silvery  beneath. 


A  kind  of  mushroom  shaped  shelter  has  taken  up 
its  abode  near  the  westerly  end  of  the  Old  Fashioned 
Flower  Garden  and  about  opposite  it  are  several  noble 
Kentucky  coffee  trees,  glorying  in  scaly  bark  and 
sweeping  foliage.  Beside  the  more  easterly  of  this 
group  you  will  find  an  interesting  shrub,  bladder 
senna.  You  can  know  it  by  its  compound  leaves,  made 
up  of  from  seven  to  eleven  oval  and  somewhat  trun- 
cate leaflets.  In  summer  it  hangs  full  of  yellow  flowers 
which  change  into  peculiar  bladder-like  pods. 

Go  back  a  little  now  to  the  spot  where  you  found 
the  white  Tartarian  honeysuckle  and  follow  the  right 
hand  fork  of  the  Walk  which  goes  down  the  mid-slope 
of  the  hill.  Not  far  from  the  junction  of  the  Walk,  a 
stalwart  old  mossy-cup  or  bur  oak,  hangs  over  your 
head,  from  the  right  of  the  Walk,  large  leaves  with 
characteristic  deep  sinuses  about  opposite  each  other 
near  the  middle  of  the  leaf,  plainly  speaking  "macro- 
carpa."  If  you  have  never  seen  the  acorns  of  this  oak 
make  haste  to  find  one  and  see  how  it  frouzles  all  over 
the  nut,  with  a  twisted  fringe  that  in  many  cases  quite 
covers  the  acorn.  This  feature  has  given  it  the  name 
overcup  oak  and  well  does  it  merit  it. 

Directly  down  the  slope  of  the  hill  from  the  bur  oak 
on  the  path  below  the  one  you  now  stand  on,  near 
a  point  where  the  Walk  comes  close  to  the  water,  you 
will  find,  if  you  take  a  run  down  there,  some  very  well 
grown  young  paper  mulberry  trees.  The  paper  mul- 
berry has  a  very  characteristic  bark  and  when  you  get 
to  know  it,  you  can  pick  it  out  quite  a  little  distance 
away.  Its  bark  is  a  light  pinkish  gray  and  at  intervals 


152 

along  its  stem  it  is  marked  with  darker  tinges  of 
gray,  which  give  you  the  idea  of  bands  put  around  the 
trunk.  But  if  the  bark  fails  to  fix  it  for  you,  look  at 
the  ovate  or  heart-shaped  leaves,  which  are  lobed  va- 
riously, like  the  usual  mulberry  leaves,  mitten  form, 
with  the  thumb  on  either  side  or  perhaps  both  thumbs 
on  the  same  mitten.  The  leaves  are  very  rough  on 
the  uppersides  but  soft  and  downy  on  the  undersides. 
The  flowers  of  this  tree  are  not  very  striking.  They 
occur  in  inconspicuous  greenish  catkins  in  the  spring. 
On  old  trees  the  leaves  are  scarcely  lobed  at  all. 

Push  on  from  the  paper  mulberries  a  little  and  strike 
off  from  the  path  to  the  lake  border.  At  a  point  there, 
about  opposite  the  Japan  silver  fir,  on  the  upper  Walk 
of  the  hill,  you  will  be  delighted  to  see  a  good  speci- 
men of  the  smooth  alder.  Its  little  black  "cones"  hang- 
ing all  through  it  tell  you  it  is  "alder"  and  its  thick, 
finely  serrate,  smooth  leaves,  green  on  both  sides,  tell 
you  it  is  the  Alnus  serrulata.  The  leaf  is  obovate  in 
shape,  acute  at  the  base,  but  its  margin  is  very  finely 
serrate. 

Go  up  the  hill  again  now  to  the  middle  path  and 
see  if  you  can  find  the  alternate-leaved  dogwood  which 
stands  near  the  Walk  a  little  way  along.  You  will 
know  it  first  of  all  by  its  alternate  leaves.  But  its 
bark,  quite  different  from  that  of  the  flowering  dog- 
wood, is  ashy  gray.  Its  leaves  are  noticeably  taper 
pointed.  If  you  are  passing  near  here  in  late  May, 
you  may  see  its  flowers,  in  large  white  flat  cymes. 
These  change  into  bright  blue  berries  on  reddish  stalks. 


153 

This  dogwood  stands  about  opposite  a  fine  English  oak 
on  the  other  side  of  the  Walk. 

A  little  south-west  of  the  alternate-leaved  dogwood 
you  will  see  a  pine  tree  that  looks  something  like  an 
Austrian  pine,  but  you  can  tell  at  once  that  it  is  of 
finer,  more  elegant  appearance.  Its  leaves  are  longer 
and  much  more  slender  than  those  of  the  Austrian 
pine.  If  you  will  examine  these  leaves  with  your 
hand-glass  you  will  see  that  they  are  concave  on  the 
undersides  and  convex  on  the  outer.  The  pine  is 
Japan  pine  (Pinus  densiflora) t  and  its  long,  slender 
leaves  give  its  branches  a  sweeping,  rich  look  quite 
different  from  the  stiff  bunching  appearance  of  the 
Austrian. 

Just  beyond  the  English  oak,  opposite  the  alternate- 
leaved  dogwood,  spoken  of  above,  stands  an  exceed- 
ingly interesting  tree  which  will  be  the  last  we  consider 
in  this  ramble.  It  is  a  young  Cedar  of  Lebanon  and  it 
is  flourishing  in  true  form.  You  will  know  it  at  once 
by  its  fine  feathery  look.  If  you  examine  its  foliage 
closely,  you  will  see  that  its  needles  are  rather  rigid, 
of  a  deep  green  color  and  gathered  together  in  pretty 
rosette-like  fascicles  or  bundles  along  the  branches. 
The  leaves  look  larch-like,  but  they  are  evergreen 
while  larches  are  deciduous.  Notice  also  the  straight 
out  horizontal  reach  of  the  whorled  branches  and  the 
little  upward  tilting  of  the  terminal  branches.  It  is 
a  beautiful  young  tree  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  it  will 
do  as  nobly  as  its  kinsman  Cedrus,  the  Cedrus  Atlantlca 
over  on  the  north-eastern  slope  of  Lookout  Hill. 


Explanations,  Sectional  Diagram  No.  10 


COMMON   NAME 

1.  Josika     or      fringe-tree- 

leaved  lilac. 

2.  Bush  Deutzia. 

3.  Camperdown  elm. 

4.  Tree  box  or  boxwood. 

5.  Bhotan  pine. 

6.  Polish  juniper. 

7.  Hemlock. 

8.  Gregory's  Norway 

spruce. 

9.  Large-flowered  syringa. 

10.  Silver   maple. 

11.  Japan  quince. 

12.  White-stamened  syringa. 

13.  Rhododendrons.     (Vari- 

ous kinds.) 

14.  Mountain  laurel. 

15.  Common  elder. 

16.  Fly  honeysuckle. 

17.  Japan    mahonia   or   ash- 

berry. 

18.  Mugho  pine. 

19.  European  or  English 

yew. 

20.  Rhododendron.      (Rosy 

lilac  colored  flowers.) 

21.  Red  maple. 

22.  Common     sweet    pepper 

bush. 

23.  English  field  maple. 

24.  Sugar  maple. 

25.  Tree  box  or  boxwood. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 
Syringa  Josikaa. 

Deutzia   crcnata. 

Ulmus    montana,    var.    Cam- 

perdownii   pendula. 
Bu.rus  semperi'inens. 
Pinus  excelsa. 
Juniperus  communis,  var. 

Cracovia. 

Tsuga   Canadensis. 
Picea  excelsa,  var.   Gregory- 

iana. 

Philadelphus  grandiftorus. 
Acer  dasycarpum. 
Cydonia  Japonica. 
Philadelphus  nivalis. 


Kalmia  latifolia. 
Sambucus  Canadensis. 
Lonicera  .rylosteum. 
Mahonia  Japonica. 

Pinus  montana,  var.  Mughus. 
Taxus  baccata. 

Rhododendron,  var.  evcrcs- 

tianum. 
Acer  rubrum. 
Clethra  aim folia. 

Acer  campestre. 
Acer  saccharinum. 
Bu.rus  scmpervirens. 


158 


COMMON  NAME 

26.  White  pine. 

27.  Japan  yew. 

28.  Golden  bell  or  For- 

sythia. 

29.  Weigela. 

30.  Austrian  pine. 

31.  Bald  cypress. 

32.  Yellow  or  golden  willow. 
33-  Japan  ground  cypress  or 

Japan  arbor  vitse 
(Plume-leaved). 
34.  American  bladder  nut. 
Five-leaved  akebia. 
English  elm. 

37.  Wistaria.     (White 

flowers.) 

38.  Spicebush. 

39.  Slender  Deutzia. 

40.  Japan    Wistaria.     (Dark 

purple  flowers.) 

41.  Oriental  spruce. 

42.  Hackberry   or   sugar- 

berry. 

43.  European  larch. 

44.  Copper  beech. 

45.  Van  Houtte's  spiraea. 

46.  Common  elder. 

47.  Cephalonian  silver  fir. 

48.  Tree  celandine. 

49.  Fringe  tree." 

50.  Black  cherry. 

51.  Grecian  silk  vine. 

52.  Red  osier. 

S3-  Cut-leaved  European 
elder. 

54.  American  holly. 

55.  Mountain  laurel. 

56.  Andromeda.       (Axillary 

flowers.) 

57.  Small    mockernut    hick- 

ory. 

58.  Sweet  buckeye. 


BOTANICAL   NAME 

Pinus  strobus. 
Taxus  adpressa. 
Forsythia  viridissima. 

Diervilla  amabilis. 

Pinus  Austriaca. 

T  a. r  odium   distichum. 

Salix  alba,  var.  vitellina. 

Chamo'cy  paris     (or    Rctinos- 

pora)    pisifcra,  var.    plum- 

osa. 

Staphylea  trifolia. 
Akebia  quinata. 
Ulmus  campestris. 
Wistaria  Sinensis,  var.  alba. 

Benzoin  benzoin. 
Deutzia  gracilis. 
Wistaria   multijuga. 

Pice  a  orient alls. 
Celtis  occidentals. 

Larix  Europ&a. 
Fagus  sylvatica,  var.   cuprca. 
Spircea  Van  Houttei. 
Sambucus  Canadensis. 
Abies  Cephalonica. 
Bocconia  cordata. 
Chionanthus  Virginica. 
Primus  serotina. 
Periploca  Grceca. 
Cornus  stolonifera. 
Sambucus   nigra,   var.    lacin- 

iata. 

Ilex  opaca. 
Kalmia  lati folia. 
Andromeda  a.rillaris. 

Carya  inicrocarpa. 
Aesculus  ilava. 


159 


COMMON    NAME 

59.  Red-flowering        horse- 

chestnut. 

60.  Sweet     bay     or     swamp 

magnolia. 

61.  Umbrella  tree. 

62.  American  white  ash. 

63.  Cucumber  tree. 

64.  American    hornbeam. 

65.  Ninebark. 

66.  Common  locust. 

67.  Purple  beech. 

68.  Tulip  tree. 

69.  Honey  locust. 

70.  European  spindle  tree. 

71.  White    poplar    or   abele 

tree. 

72.  Reeve's  spiraea. 

73.  Black   haw. 

74.  Shadbush,  June  berry  or 

service  berry. 

75.  Flowering  dogwood. 

76.  Bush  cranberry. 

77.  Huckleberry. 

78.  Royal  white  willow. 

79.  Arrowwood. 

80.  Bay  or  laurel-leaved  wil- 

low. 

81.  Blue  willow. 

82.  Intermediate-leaved  For- 

sythia. 

83.  Weir's   cut-leaved   silver 

maple. 

84.  Red  oak. 

85.  Lilac.    (White   flowers.) 

86.  Lilac.    (Purple  flowers.) 

87.  Osage  orange. 

88.  Hop    hornbeam  or  iron- 

wood. 

89.  Wayfaring  tree. 

90.  English  hawthorn. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Aesculus  hippocastcuium,  var. 

rubicunda. 
Magnolia  glauca. 

Magnolia  umbrella. 
Fraxinus  Americana. 
Magnolia  acuniinata. 
Carpinus  Caroliniana. 
Physocarpus      (or      Spircra) 

opuli  folia. 

Robinia  pseudacacia. 
Fagus  sylvatica,  var.  atropur- 

purca. 

Liriodendron  tulipifera. 
Gleditschia  triacanthos. 
Euonymus  Europ&us. 
Populus  alba. 

Spircea  Rccvcsiana. 
Viburnum  pru nifolium. 
Amclanchicr  Canadcnsis. 

Conius  Honda. 
Viburnum  opulis. 
Gaylussacia  resinosa. 
Sajix  alba,  var.  regalis. 
Viburnum  dentatum. 
Salix  pcntandra    (or  laurifo- 

lia). 

Salix  alba,  var.  carulca. 
Fo  rsyth  ia  in  term  edia. 

Acer  dasycarpum,  var.  Wcirii 

laciniatum. 
Quercus  rubra. 
Syringa  vulgaris,  var.   alba. 
Syringa  vulgaris. 
Madura  aurantiaca. 
Ostrya  Virginica. 

Viburnum   rugosum    (or    Vi- 
burnum  lantana}. 
Cratccgus   o.ryacantha. 


i6o 


COMMON   NAME 

91.  Norway  spruce. 

92.  Common  elder. 

93.  European  or  tree  alder. 

94.  Bay  or  laurel-leaved  wil- 

low. 

95.  European  hornbeam. 

96.  Tree  box  or  boxwood. 

97.  Striped  maple  or  moose- 

wood. 

98.  European  hazel. 

99.  English  elm. 

100.  European  hornbeam. 

101.  American  or  white  elm. 

102.  Red  mulberry. 

103.  Fern-leaved  beech. 

104.  European  silver  fir. 

105.  American  larch. 

106.  Weeping    European    sil- 

ver linden. 

107.  European  larch. 

108.  American   chestnut. 

109.  Babylonian    or    weeping 

willow, 
no.  Large-racemed  dwarf 

horsechestnut. 
in.  Dwarf  Japan  catalpa. 

112.  European  flowering  ash. 

113.  Purple  willow. 

114.  Big  shellbark  or  kingnut 

hickory. 

115.  Purple  willow. 


BOTANICAL   NAME 

Plcca  c.vcelsa. 

Sambucus  Canadensis. 

Alnus  glutinosa. 

Salix    pentandra     (or    lauri- 

folia). 

Carpinus  betulus. 
Buxus  sempervirens. 
Acer  Pennsylvanicum. 

Corylus  avellana. 

Ulmus  campestris. 

Carpinus  betulus. 

Ulmus  Americana. 

Morus  rubra. 

Fagus  sylvatica,  var.  hetero- 
phylla. 

Abies  pectinata. 

Larix  Americana. 

Tilia  Europaa,  var.  argcntca 
(or  alba)  pendula. 

Larix  Europcca. 

Castanca  saliva,  var.  Ameri- 
cana. 

Salix  Babylonica. 

Pavia  macrostachya. 

Catalpa  Bungei. 
Fraxinns  ornns. 
Salix  purpurea. 
Carya  side  at  a. 

Salix  purpurea. 


X. 

AROUND  LULLWATER. 

One  of  the  loveliest  rambles  in  the  Park 
lies  through  those  winding  vistas  of  trees  and  water 
which  the  architect  has  wrought  into  "Lullwater." 
It  is  well  named,  for  the  water  seems  hushed  to  sleep  in 
cozy  coves  and  inlets.  It  is  so  shut  off  and  retired  that 
it  has  a  charm  of  seclusion  all  its  own.  Here  in  the 
early  morning  the  gold  fish  swirl  and  leap  as  they 
feed  and  break  the  dreaming  waters  with  quick 
splashes.  Here  the  sunshine  pours  down  and  puts 
a  glory  of  quivering  and  illumined  green  be- 
fore your  eyes.  In  the  Arbor  here  you  can 
pass  enchanted  hours,  watching  the  sweep  of  the 
kingbird  or  listening  to  the  soft  knocking  call 
of  the  yellow-billed  cuckoo.  The  boats  glide 
by,  reflecting,  in  dancing  vines  of  light  and  shade  along 
their  polished  sides,  the  tremble  of  the  sunbeams  on  the 
waters.  The  robins  send  down  querulous  calls  from 
the  living  green  about  you,  and  the  soft  cottony  clouds 
float  over  the  tree  tops,  in  the  purest  of  white.  The 
breeze  comes  at  times  touching'  the  waters  with  feet 
of  silver  and  sets  all  the  leaves  on  fire  with  a  flame 
of  white  light  which  sweeps  through  them  in  swift 
showers  like  sudden  rain.  Come  here  when  you 
will,  it  is  always  beautiful ;  be  it  in  spring  when 
the  new  greens  are  hanging  their  illumined  beauties 


162 


to  the  sun,  or  in  summer,  when  the  leaves  are  rustling 
to  warm  breezes,  or  in  autumn,  when  the  crimsons 
and  golds  paint  the  frost  stilled  waters,  or  in  win- 
ter, when  the  white  fingered  snow  tucks  in  the  fallen 
leaves  and  smooths  over  all  its  silence  and  purity. 

In  this  ramble  through  Lullwater  we  start  at  the 
Arch,  Cleft  Ridge  Span,  leading  from  the  Flower  Gar- 
den and,  turning  to  the  left,  follow  the  path  along  the 
banks  of  the  stream  to  Terrace  Bridge ;  cross  the 
Bridge  and  return  through  Lullwater  by  the  path  on 
the  other  side  of  the  stream,  passing  over  Lullwood 
Bridge  and  so  back  to  Cleft  Ridge  Span. 

On  passing  through  the  Arch  there  are  a  few  things 
to  note  on  our  right  hand  and  then  we  will  follow  the 
Walk  which  leads  off  at  the  left  and  wanders  along 
the  eastern  side  of  Lullwater. 

Well  up  on  the  bank,  on  the  right  is  a  fine  high 
bush  which  in  June,  is  hung  full  of  beautiful  bell-like 
flowers  of  the  purest  white.  By  a  careless  observer,  it 
might  be  taken,  out  of  bloom,  for  a  syringa,  but  it  is 
quite  different  as  you  see  by  looking  closely  at  its 
leaf.  It  is  Deutsia  crenata  and  you  will  find  many 
handsome  clumps  of  it  all  over  the  Park.  Just  back 
of  this  bush,  you  will  find  another  very  interesting 
shrub.  As  you  look  at  it  you  are  at  once  struck  with 
the  remarkable  resemblance  of  its  leaves  to  those  of 
the  fringe  tree  (Chionanthus).  Indeed,  this  resem- 
blance has  given  it  one  of  its  familiar  names,  "fringe- 
tree-leaved  lilac."  If  you  have  any  doubts  about  its 
being  a  lilac,  stand  before  it  some  June  day  and  you 
will  see  it  throwing  up  handsome  panicles  of  white 


flowers  that  at  once  say  "lilac"  to  your  discriminat- 
ing eye.  It  is  the  Syringa  Josikcea  or  the  Josika  lilac 
and  gets  its  botanical  name  from  the  Baroness  von 
Josika  who  discovered  its  parent  stock  in  Hungary.  It 
is  certainly  very  handsome  and  there  are  many  bushes 
of  it  in  the  Park.  Some  of  them  bear  deep  purple 
flowers,  much  deeper  in  hue  than  those  of  our  com- 
mon lilac.  Do  not  confuse  Syringa,  the  generic  term 
of  lilac,  with  Syringa  which  is  botanically  known  by 
the  name  Philadelphia. 

Of  course,  you  at  once  recognize  the  very  hand- 
some Camperdown  elm  at  the  turn  of  the  Walk  as  it 
bends  to  go  over  to  the  Boat  House.  You  no  doubt 
have  already  learned  the  look .  of  its  leaf,  rough 
dark  green,  broad  across  the  top  and  ending  in  beau- 
tiful points  which  shoot  out  conspicuously  from  its 
heavy  serrations.  The  umbrella-like  form  of  this  tree 
is  enough  to  mark  it,  but  learn  to  know  its  leaf.  No- 
tice, too,  its  kinship  of  leaf  with  the  Scotch  elm. 

Now  let  us  go  back  a  little  and  begin  at  the  left 
of  the  Arch.  High  up  on  the  bank,  there  is  another 
Camperdown  elm  and  close  beside  it  a  well  grown  Bho- 
tan  pine.  It  is  easy  to  know  the  Bhotan  by  its  tassel- 
like  foliage.  Close  down  by  the  Walk  is  box  or  box- 
wood (Bii.vus  sempervircns).  In  early  spring  look  foi 
its  interesting  little  flowers  in  sessile  bracted  clusters 
closely  set  in  the  axils  of  the  thick,  entire,  opposite, 
evergreen  leaves.  Beyond  the  box,  is  Polish  juniper, 
differing  from  common  juniper  in  its  thick  bunchy 
cluster-like  leaf  growth  and  shorter,  stiffer  needles. 
That  it  is  juniper,  you  easily  know  by  examining  its 


164 

leaves  which  grow  in  whorls  of  three  and  are  silvery 
glaucous  on  the  upper  sides.  The  stem  of  this  shrub 
looks  not  unlike  that  of  the  red  cedar,  dark  reddish 
brown,  with  its  bark  in  strips  and  shreds.  Beyond  the 
Polish  juniper  is  common  hemlock  and  beyond  the 
hemlock,  close  to  the  Walk,  like  a  hemisphere  of  cush- 
ioned evergreen  is  a  beautiful  bunch  of  dwarf  Nor- 
way spruce,  of  the  variety  Gregoryana,  (Picca  cx- 
cclsa,  var.  Gregoryana).  You  cannot  mistake  it.  Its 
form  alone  identifies  it.  Stoop  down  and  look  at  its 
close,  compact  foliage.  It  is  a  beauty.  Just  as  the  Walk- 
bends  to  the  left  here,  you  will  find  a  fine  bush  of 
the  Philadelphia  grandiflorus  and  quite  a  clump  of 
it  on  the  opposite  corner  of  the  Walk.  In  June  it  is 
filled  full  of  fragrant  white  petaled  and  yellow 
stamened  flowers.  Just  behind  the  middle  of  the 
clump  on  the  right  hand  corner  of  the  Walk,  you  will 
find  a  variety  with  ivhite  stamens.  This  is  Philadelphus 
nivalis  and  the  effect  of  its  bloom  is  indeed  "snowy." 
A  little  further  along  on  the  left  and  ex- 
tending back  up  the  slope  of  Breeze  Hill,  a 
little,  is  a  fine  cluster  of  rhododendrons  of 
various  kinds.  Those  breaking  out  white  trusses 
of  bloom  are  Rhododendron  album  elegans  and,  with 
very  large  white  truss,  R.  album  grandifiorum;  cherry 
red,  Charles  Bagley;  rose  lilac,  Everestianum  ;  dark 
crimson,  John  Waterer.  The  great  bay,  Rhododen- 
dron maximum,  carries  large  bunches  of  pink  and 
white  blossoms  in  late  June  and  early  July.  It  is 
broad-leaved.  Close  to  the  Walk,  mixed  in  with 
rhododendrons  is  a  clump  of  mountain  laurel  (Kalmia 


latifolia)  which  you  may  know  from  the  rhododendrons 
by  its  much  smaller  lance-ovate  leaves,  green  on  both 
sides.  The  leaves  of  the  rhododendrons  are  much 
longer  and  more  oblong-lance  shaped,  not  unlike  the 
look  of  the  magnolia-leaf.  Of  course  if  you  meet 
them  in  bloom  it  is  very  easy  to  distinguish  them,  for 
the  Kalmia  has  umbel-like  clusters  of  small  saucer 
shaped  flowers  while  the  rhododendron  has  a  large  bell- 
shaped  funnel-form  corolla,  entirely  different.  The 
laurel  has  a  queer  way  of  concealing  its  stamen-heads  or 
anthers  in  little  pockets  in  the  corolla  and  when  the 
visiting  insect  touches  these  they  fly  out  on  elastic 
filaments  and  bombard  it  with  pollen.  The  rhododen- 
dron has  long  stamens  (five  to  ten  in  number),  very 
conspicuously  set  from  the  corolla  and  often  curved  to 
the  lower  side. 

Beyond  the  clump  of  rhododendrons  is  a  good  bush 
of  elder,  and  beside  the  elder,  broad,  spiny,  Mahonia 
Japonica,  of  the  barberry  family.  The  latter  has  pin- 
nate light  green  leaves  and  clustered  racemes  of  yel- 
low flowers  in  the  early  spring.  The  leaves  brown  in 
winter.  About  opposite  the  elder  and  Mahonia,  on 
the  other  side  of  the  Walk  is  a  clump  (four  bushes) 
of  syringa  (Philadelphus  grandiflorus)  and  just  beside 
the  last  bush  of  syringa  is  fly  honeysuckle,  (Lonicera 
xylosteum).  You  know  it  at  once  by  its  soft,  very 
downy  (when  young)  leaves,  rather  heart  shaped  and 
hairy  on  the  edge.  It  bears  yellow  flowers  in  May, 
with  nearly  equal  lobes  and  a  very  unequal  sided 
base,  which  gives  the  flower  a  two-lipped  appearance. 
The  flowers  develop  into  beautiful  red  berries. 


1  66 


On  the  right  of  the  Walk  again,  we  come  to  two 
Mugho  pines  which  you  will  have  no  trouble  in  know- 
ing from  their  dwarf  prostrate  forms  of  growth.  Some 
adverse  fate  seems  to  have  befallen  the  Mugho  pine, 
for  it  looks  as  if  it  had  been  beaten  down  upon  the 
head  so  continuously  that  it  abandoned  long  ago  any 
idea  it  may  have  had  of  being  a  tree  and  decided  to 
stay  a  humble,  rambling  bush.  I  like  its  tough  form 
and  its  close  tenacious  grip,  for  somehow,  as  I  pass  it, 
I  seem  to  see  the  Alp  winds  beating  and  buffeting  its 
close  dense  head,  whistling  through  its  needles,  but 
never  rooting  it  from  its  eagle-like  claw  upon  the 
soil.  Each  shrub  and  tree  brings  with  it  its  heredity 
even  in  the  Park,  and  he  who  carries  an  imagination 
with  him  in  his  Park  walks,  will  travel  through  many 
countries,  passing  from  clime  to  clime.  This  is  one 
of  the  things  which  makes  a  Park  stroll  so  interesting. 
The  Bhotan  pines  whisper  of  the  Himalayas,  the  Cau- 
casian walnut  of  Russia  and  the  trans-Ural  district, 
the  Austrian  pines  of  the  Alps  and  the  Tyrol,  hosts 
of  things  of  China  and  Japan.  Many  lands  are 
compressed  into  the  few  hundred  acres  which  make 
the  city  park,  and  they  are  there  for  whomsoever  will 
come  to  see  them.  Just  consider  for  a  moment  what 
this  means,  what  you  have  within  reach  of  a  trolley 
car.  Truly  a  park  is  a  wonderful  place  and  if  you 
love  to  know  the  garnitures  of  God's  earth  in  their 
myriad  forms  walk  here  and  see  some  of  the  beautiful 
growths  of  lands  so  distant  as  to  seem  almost  dream- 
like. 

Beyond  the  Mugho  pines  is  a  goodly  English  yew 


i67 

and  next  to  it  a  well  grown  rhododendron  of  the  variety 
Evcrestianum.  About  opposite  the  yew  is  another 
fringe-tree-leaved  lilac  (Syringa  Josikcra^  and 
about  opposite  the  Everestianum,  red  maple  and  close 
by  the  water,  a  clump  of  the  sweet  pepper  bush 
(Clethra  alnifolia).  The  Clethra  you  know  by  its  leaf 
alone,  serrate  along  its  upper  part  and  entire  along 
its  lower  part.  As  you  remember  it  bears  long  white 
fingers  of  bloom  in  July.  Beyond  the  Clethra  nearer 
to  the  Walk  are  two  well  grown  English  field  maples 
(Acer  campestre),  known  at  once  by  the  square-cut 
lobes  of  their  leaves. 

On  the  left  of  the  Walk  again,  opposite  the  two 
English  maples  you  find  Mahonia  Japonica  again  and 
then  four  well-grown  boxwood  trees  with  their  close- 
set  lifeful-looking  leaves.  See  them  in  winter  with 
the  crystalline  sunshine  of  the  morning  silvering  them 
over  with  a  dazzling  brilliance  and  you  will  not  be 
sorry  you  came.  Many  a  winter's  ramble  have  I  had 
through  here  with  the  box  all  glorified  in  the  down- 
pour of  the  sun's  splendor,  with  the  snow  breaking 
away  from  the  boughs  of  the  neighboring  evergreens 
in  gentle  little  puffs  of  white,  with  that  wondrous 
mysterious  living  silence  of  winter  filling  the  air, 
broken  only  save  by  the  muttered  rumbling  of  the  ice 
or  the  whispering  of  wind-driven  snow. 

Beside  the  last  of  the  box  clumps  here,  we  meet  a 
very  interesting  shrub.  Notice  its  leaves,  see  how 
closely  squeezed  they  are.  This  is  the  so-called  Japan 
yew,  but  as  Gray  says,  probably  but  a  variety  of  the 
English  yew.  Its  botanical  name  is  T.a.rus  adpressa, 


i68 


or  in  other  words,  yew,  with  closely  appressed  leaves. 
See  how  well  it  has  been  named.  How  different  its 
thick  short  blunt  leaves  are  from  the  sharply  pointed 
leaves  of  the  English  yew.  You  can  pick  it  out  by  its 
close-set  leaf  spray  for  a  certainty.  If  you  happen  to 
pass  it  in  early  autumn  you  may  chance  to  see  its 
beautiful  red-pink  seed  cups  hanging  brightly  all 
through  its  dark  green,  like  little  bells.  In  the  center 
of  the  cup  is  the  seed,  black  brown.  This  cup  is  the 
sign  of  the  yew  family.  There  are  many  choice 
things  in  this  section  of  the  Park  and  this  is  one  of 
them.  There  is  another  fine  clump  of  it  further  along 
beyond  the  Arbor. 

Beyond  the  Japan  yew  is  box  again  and  beyond  the 
box,  English  yew.  This  English  yew  is  pretty  well 
grown  and  is  a  good  type  of  the  genus. 

A  little  further  along  you  come,  on  the  left,  to  a 
clump  of  rhododendrons  and  about  opposite  these,  on 
the  right,  is  a  well  grown  red  maple.  Passing  on, 
there  are  bushes  of  the  rosy  pink  Weigcla  (Diervilla 
amabilis)  and  just  back  of  the  Weigela,  a  clump  of 
the  golden  bell  or  Forsythia  viridissima.  The  For- 
sythia viridissima  has  rather  lance-like  leaves.  Fur- 
ther on,  on  the  right,  we  meet  another  Forsythia  viri- 
dissima and  beside  it,  toward  the  Lake,  bald  cypress 
(Taxodium  distichum).  Notice  the  feather-like  leaves 
of  the  bald  cypress.  The  bald  cypress  is  surpassingly 
lovely  at  two  seasons  of  the  year — in  spring,  when  its 
tender  green  makes  your  heart  go  out  to  it,  and  in 
autumn,  when  it  waves  a  plume  of  softest  old-gold 
and  brown  against  the  sky.  It  is  tall  and  spire-like  of 


169 

growth  and  deciduous  in  habit  dropping  its  leaves  in 
late  autumn.  Even  in  winter  it  has  a  beauty  of  its 
own  when  it  spreads  against  the  quivering  and  golden 
splendor  of  a  winter's  sunset  the  wirework  of  its  del- 
icate branches.  What  eloquence  in  such  a  sight !  The 
hush,  the  winter  stillness,  the  mute  lakes  stretched  in 
steels  armored  against  the  wintry  winds,  no  one  in 
sight,  the  plaintive  call  of  a  kinglet  and  back  of  the 
bare  branched  bald  cypress  a  tremulous  sea  of  golden 
sky! 

But  we  cannot  spend  so  much  time  on  the  bald 
cypress.  Beside  it,  near  the  water,  is  a  white  willow 
of  the  variety  vitellina.  The  glory  of  this  tree  is  in 
the  winter.  Then  its  twigs  turn  a  conspicuous  brassy 
yellow.  You  can  see  them  afar  off  through  the 
maze  of  the  gray-brown  branches  of  its  neighbors. 
Beyond  the  Forsythia  here  is  a  red  maple  and  then 
we  have  come  to  the  Arbor.  On  the  left,  from  the  last 
mentioned  clump  of  rhododendrons,  we  have  passed 
English  yew,  Austrian  pine,  white  pine.  The  white 
pine  you  can  know  by  its  horizontal  branches  of  bright 
light  green  foliage.  By  the  Walk,  in  almost  straight 
line  from  the  white  pine  is  a  lovely  Retinospora  plu- 
mosa.  Just  stop  a  bit  and  look  at  the  fineness  of  its 
leaf  spray.  Is  it  not  exquisitely  wrought,  so  fine  and 
so  feathery?  Up  the  hill  there  are  several  Austrian 
pines  easily  known  by  their  thick-set,  chunky  growth 
and  dark  green  tufted  foliage.  The  Walk  draws  us 
along,  and  we  soon  come  to  the  Arbor. 

The  Arbor  has  many  things  of  interest  to  show  us. 
If  you  stand  in  the  middle  of  it  and  face  the  Lake 


170 


in  the  far  right  hand  corner  of  its  trellised  roof  is  a 
clustered  vine  which  by  its  five  leaves  you  recognize 
at  once  as  Akebia  quinata.  The  pretty  climber  is  quite 
frequent  in  the  Park,  and  you  should  get  to  know 
its  five  oval  or  obovate  leaflets  distinctly  notched  at 
the  end.  Its  leaves  are  almost  clover-like.  This  beau- 
tiful Japan  vine,  in  early  spring,  breaks  into  bloom 
with  rich  plum  colored  flowers.  At  the  far  right  hand 
corner  of  the  Arbor,  toward  the  hillside,  and  back 
of  the  first  seat,  are  clumps  of  Dentzia  gracilis.  Be- 
hind the  second  seat  is  a  good  English  yew.  Over- 
head, woven  through  the  trellis,  is  a  lovely  Wistaria 
which  in  May  and  June  lets  down  long  racemes  of 
very  fragrant  white  flowers.  Near  the  far  left  hand 
end  of  the  Arbor  as  you  face  the  water,  the  trellis 
is  hung  with  Wistaria  bearing  deep  purple  flowers. 
Very  nearly  overhead  from  the  last  seat  of  the  left 
hand  end  of  the  Arbor  the  Grecian  silk  vine  (Periploca 
Graeca)  twines  its  smooth  ovate  pointed  leaves.  In 
June  this  pretty  vine  blooms  with  small  greenish  yel- 
low flowers  in  lateral  cymes.  The  upper  side  of  the 
oblong  lobes  are  brownish-purple. 

Just  in  front  of  the  Arbor  are  several  things  to  claim 
your  interest.  Before  its  far  right  hand  corner,  where 
the  Akebia  twines,  you  will  find  three  bushes  in  one, 
two,  three  order,  side  by  side,  toward  the  Lake.  These 
are  the  three-leaved  or  American  bladder-nut  (Sta- 
phylea  trifolia) .  Their  flowers  are  very  beautiful.  In 
purest  of  white,  they  hang  in  raceme-like  clusters  at 
the  ends  of  the  branchlets  of  the  season.  They  break 
out  in  early  spring.  Opposite  the  middle  of  the  Arbor 


stands  a  well  grown  spice  bush  (Benzoin  benzoin) 
known  at  once  by  its  spreading  dusky,  blackish 
branches  speckled  with  whitish  patches.  The  spice 
bush  blooms  early,  a  little  later  than  the  Cornelian 
cherry  and  sets  its  flowers  in  little  close  clusters  of 
yellow  along  its  bare  branches.  Next  to  the  spice  bush 
stands  another  bald  cypress.  North-west  from  the 
bald  cypress,  close  to  the  water's  edge,  is  a  sturdy 
English  elm  of  heavy  trunk  and  oak-like  growth. 
Next  beyond  the  English  elm,  overhanging  the  water 
is  a  hackberry.  If  you  had  nothing  else  to  know  it 
by  except  its  bark  that  would  be  enough.  Look  at 
the  base  of  its  trunk.  Those  knots  and  ridges  are 
enough  to  identify  any  hackberry.  They  are  always 
present.  At  the  north-western  corner  of  the  Arbor 
you  will  find  European  larch,  not  doing  very  well  here 
for  some  reason,  and  beyond  the  larch,  another  bald 
cypress.  These  are  on  the  right  of  the  Walk. 

Not  very  far  from  them,  as  you  go  on,  there  is  a 
clump  of  the  Van  Houtte's  spiraea  and  a  little  to  one 
side  of  it,  a  bush  of  the  red  osier  (Cornus  stolonifer a } . 
Notice  the  reddish  stems  of  this  bush.  In  winter  they 
are  bright  crimson.  Its  leaf  shows  its  kinship  with 
the  dogwoods.  In  the  early  summer  it  flowers  with 
flat  white  corymbs  and  these  develop  into  lead  colored 
berries.  You  cannot  mistake  this  bush  if  you  examine 
its  twigs.  These  towards  their  ends  are  very  reddish 
and  streaked  with  crinkly  lines  of  light  gray.  Almost 
opposite  the  red  osier,  leaning  out  over  the  water  from 
its  foothold  on  the  very  edge  of  the  bank  is  a  fairy 
shrub,  all  lace  and  fineness.  This  is  the  cut-leaved 


172 

European  elder  (Sambucus  nigra,  var.  laciniata). 
You  can  know  it  by  its  leaf  alone.  It  makes  you  think 
of  the  graceful  arabesques  of  Moorish  decorations. 
One  leaf  of  it  would  serve  as  an  exquisite  model  for 
artistic  designing.  Hanging  here  over  the  water  it 
seems  to  float  on  the  air.  Try  to  see  it  in  June,  when, 
through  all  its  lace,  it  sets  the  feathery  fineness  of  its 
white  flowers.  Beside  the  Walk  again,  further  along, 
we  come  to  Van  Houtte's  spiraea  again.  Then  we  meet 
Oriental  spruce,  tall,  pyramidal,  with  beautiful  dark 
green  foliage  whose  deep  shadows  seem  full  of  sweetly 
melancholy  thoughts.  Beyond  the  spruce  is  a  fine 
fringe  tree  and  beyond  the  fringe  tree,  silver  maple, 
two  more  clumps  of  Spircea  Van  Houttei,  then  Wei- 
gela,  (a  little  back  of  the  second  bush  of  Van  Houttei) 
and  then  black  cherry.  This  black  cherry  stands  by 
the  Walk,  where  the  water  curves  in  close  to  the  bank. 
Up  to  this  point,  on  the  left,  you  have  passed  (from 
the  Arbor)  Oriental  spruce,  American  elder,  and  two 
English  yews  quite  close  together.  They  stand  about 
opposite  the  Cornus  stolonifera.  Just  beside  the  first 
English  yew  here,  nestling  close  to  it  is  Japan  yew 
(Ta.rus  adpressa)  and  beyond  the  second  yew  is  an 
interesting  herb  from  China,  Bocconia  cordata,  named 
from  Bocconi,  an  Italian  botanist.  It  rises  on  tall 
stems  and  carries  very  odd  looking  round-cordate 
lobed  leaves,  thick,  veiny  and  glaucous.  In  late  July 
or  early  August  it  is  in  bloom,  and  then  you  may  see 
its  large  spikes  of  white  or  rose-white  flowers  very 
showy  and  very  beautiful  in  their  fineness.  It  is  cer- 
tainly very  pleasingly  set  here,  foiled  by  the  dark 


green  of  the  yews.  Back  of  the  Bocconia,  up  the  hill, 
is  an  excellent  growth  of  American  holly  (Ilex  opaca) 
and  just  beyond  the  holly,  down  the  hill  a  little,  is  an- 
other English  yew.  There  are  goodly  clumps  of  moun- 
tain laurel  in  here  and  in  June  they  are  in  full  bloom. 
You  will  find  two  of  them  opposite  the  fringe  tree  on 
the  other  side  of  the  Walk.  Almost  beside  the  second 
clump  of  laurel  you  will  find  a"  good  specimen  of 
Andromeda  axillaris.  This  shrub  is  lovely  in  early 
spring  when  it  sends  out  flowers,  on  curving  stems,  in 
long  rows  of  little  white  bells  like  lilies-of-the-valley. 
These  droop  on  either  side  of  the  middle  flower  stem. 

Up  the  hill,  back  of  the  Andromeda,  is  a  tall  hickory 
with  rather  close  bark  and  small  fruit.  Its  leaves  are 
made  up  of  five  and  seven  leaflets,  long  pointed,  finely 
serrate  and  smooth.  It  is  the  small  mockernut  hickory 
Carya  microcarpa.  Up  the  hill  a  little  further  back 
is  European  larch. 

Back  to  the  Walk  again,  only  a  few  feet  beyond 
the  Andromeda  you  pass  a  row  of  Dcutzia  gracilis. 
They  make  a  graceful  picture  when  in  height  of 
bloom,  certainly  well  meriting  their  name. 

Now  we  have  come  to  that  part  of  the  Walk  where 
the  water  bends  close  to  it  in  a  deep  sinus,  and  as 
we  go  on,  about  opposite  the  black  cherry,  on  the 
right,  we  have,  on  the  left,  an  interesting  tree.  It 
is  the  sweet  buckeye  (Aesculus  flava)  and  there  is  an- 
other back  of  it,  up  the  hill  a  little,  standing  knee- 
deep  in  the  waving  grass.  You  can  know  this  tree 
by  its  compound  leaves  of  from  five  to  seven  leaflets. 


174 

pointed,  smooth,  elliptical  and  finely  serrate.  It  has 
yellowish-white  flowers  in  late  May  or  early  June. 

Beyond  the  flava,  we  meet  a  handsome  red-flower- 
ing horse-chestnut.  Its  leaves  tell  you  at  once  that 
it  is  of  the  common  horse-chestnut  family.  But 
it  is  no  common  tree.  In  full  bloom  it  is  a  lovely 
sight.  Its  flowers  are  a  soft  rose-red,  and  the  tree 
in  the  full  burst  of  its  bloom,  glows  afar  off  like  a 
torch.  Next  to  this  tree  stands  a  graceful  young 
sweet  bay  or  swamp  magnolia  (Magnolia  glauca). 
You  can  distinguish  it  easily  by  turning  over  its  ten- 
der leaves  of  light  green  and  looking  at  their  under- 
sides. That  pale  whitish  cast  of  color  is  decisive  and 
says  distinctly  "glauca."  Its  flowers  appear  late, 
from  June  to  August,  and  they  are  round,  white  and 
exceedingly  fragrant.  Further  on  a  little,  on  both  sides 
of  the  Walk,  are  clusters  of  umbrella  trees  (Magnolia 
umbrella').  You  have,  by  this  time,  grown  to  know 
their  large  paddle-shaped  leaves. 

Back  of  the  first  of  these,  on  the  left  of  the  Walk, 
stands  a  handsome  copper  beech.  There  are  several 
copper  beeches  along  here  and  you  can  contrast  their 
hues  with  the  deep  crimson  tints  of  the  purple  beeches 
further  on.  These  trees  are  of  marvelous  beauty  in 
the  spring  and  be  sure  to  see  them.  I  know  of  no 
handsomer  ones  in  the  Park  than  those  right  here. 
Get  the  sun  through  them  and  you  will  appreciate 
their  differences  of  color. 

Further  along,  we  meet,  on  the  right,  American 
white  ash  and  down  on  the  point  of  the  bank,  lean- 
ing out  over  the  water,  gathered  together  in  a  close 


J75 

clump,  are  some  yellow  or  golden  willows  (Saliv 
tilba,  var.  vitcllina).  Next  to  the  white  ash  is  an- 
other clump  of  Van  Houtte's  spiraea  and  a 
similar  bush  on  the  other  side  of  the  Walk  (the 
left)  about  diagonally  opposite.  Then  we  come  to 
cucumber  tree,  on  the  right,  and,  by  the  water's  edge 
American  hornbeam.  On  the  left,  we  have  another 
copper  beech.  Beyond,  on  the  left,  we  pass  common 
locust,  and  still  further  along,  bush  cranberry  with- 
large  goose-foot  leaves  and  bright  red  berries  in  late 
July  or  early  August.  Back  of  the  cranberry  is  an- 
other common  locust,  with  fine  tender  green,  pinnately 
compound  leaflets.  You  will  know  it  for  a  certainty 
if  you  find  the  thorns  on  its  branches.  Still  further 
back;  up  the  slope  of  the  hill,  is  a  clump  of  the  Eu- 
ropean spindle  tree  or  Euonymus.  Be  sure  to  see  it 
in  autumn  when  it  breaks  open  its  conspicuous  richly 
crimson,  generally  four-lobed  fruit.  It  is  very  marked 
then  and  well  worth  seeing.  It  blooms  in  May  with  odd 
looking  greenish  white  flowers,  which  are  scarcely  no- 
ticeable. If  you  notice  its  branches  you  will  see  that 
they  are  peculiarly  marked  with  streaks  which  remind 
you  of  the  striped  maple.  Back  of  the  Euonymus  is 
a  fine  honey  locust  with  characteristic  black  bark  and 
prominent  spines.  These  spines  are  murderous-look- 
ing affairs  and  seem  to  sprout  out  all  over  the  tree. 
On  its  trunk  they  are  very  large  and  generally  they 
are  three-thorned,  but  often  carry  many  more  than 
this  number.  This  characteristic  of  three-thorns  has 
given  the  tree  its  botanical  name  triacanthos,  from 
(three)  akantha  (thorn).  There  is  a  spineless 


ij-6 

variety  of  the  honey-locust,  known  as  var.  inermis,  and 
the  Park  has  one  of  this  kind  not  far  from  the  Six- 
teenth Street  entrance.  Back  of  the  honey-locust 
there  are  some  beautiful  purple  beeches.  Note  the 
handsome  silver-gray  of  their  barks. 

If  we  come  back  to  the  Walk  again  and  continue 
westwards,  beyond  the  cranberry  bush  is  huckleberry, 
then  Japan  quince,  then  another  copper  beech  stand- 
ing close  by  the  Walk,  on  your  left.  Back  of  this 
tree  are  two  common  locusts  standing  close  together 
and,  a  little  further  on,  two  more,  almost  in  a  straight 
line  with  each  other.  Passing  an  open  stretch  of 
grassy  hillside  here,  we  come,  near  Terrace  Bridge, 
to  fine  clumps  of  arrowwood  which  you  will  know 
at  once  by  their  regularly  notched  leaves.  The  stems 
of  the  Viburnum  dentatum,  the  Indians  used  for  ar- 
rows, hence  its  name.  Up  the  hill  a  little,  just  be- 
yond the  arrowwood  is  a  blue  willow.  It  is  really 
a  variety  of  the  white  willow  with  leaves  of  a  very 
bluish  cast  on  their  undersides.  By  the  Walk,  be- 
yond the  arrowwood,  is  bay  or  laurel-leaved  willow, 
which  you  can  distinguish  by  its  dark,  glossy  green 
laurel-like  leaves  noticeably  marked  by  a  whitish  or 
yellowish  midrib  and  veins. 

Let  us  come  back  now  to  the  locust  near  the  spot 
where  we  turned  off  to  go  up  the  hill  a  little.  Oppo- 
site to  it,  is  a  bush  of  ninebark  Physocarpus  (or  Spi- 
raea opulifolia}.  It  gets  its  common  name  from  its 
ragged,  tattered  stems  and  branches.  To  look  at  them 
you  might  think  that  they  could  be  peeled  more  than 
nine  times.  The  shreds  of  bark  flutter  all  over  them. 


The  leaves  of  this  shrub  are  noticeably  three-lobed 
and  generally  heart-shaped.  It  bursts  into  profuse 
bloom  in  June,  with  white  flowers  in  umbel-like  cor- 
ymbs. These  soon  develop  into  fruit  pods  which  are 
quite  as  conspicuous  as  its  flowers.  The  pods  turn  a 
rusty  red  or  crimson  purple.  Beyond  the  ninebark  is  a 
Reeve's  spiraea,  beautiful  also  in  June  when  it  is  laden 
with  close  clustered  heads  of  pure  white  flowers. 
To  the  right  of  the  Reeve's  spiraea,  close  by  the  water, 
rise  a  couple  of  splendid  white  or  silver  poplars. 
They  are  beauties,  with  their  conspicuous  barks  of 
a  pale  greenish  silvery  gray  on  the  upper  branches 
which  in  winter  throws  them  out  sharply  to  the  eye 
from  the  massed  tones  of  adjacent  trees.  Every  breeze 
showers  their  leaves  with  silver  or  snow.  Not  many 
feet  further  on  you  meet  the  European  or  tree  alder 
(Alnus  glntinosa).  If  you  can  see  the  little  black 
"cones"  on  its  branches,  you  will  know  it  at  once. 
But  its  leaf  is  characteristic  enough  to  distinguish  it; 
being  roundish  wedge-shaped,  gently  cut  in  at  the 
top  and  serrated  beautifully  in  wavy  cuttings. 

Beyond  the  alder  is  Reeve's  spiraea  again  and  back 
of  this  is  black  haw.  Then  comes  another  Reeve's 
spiraea  and  back  of  it,  a  shadbush.  The  shadbush 
you  have  learned  to  know  by  its  bark,  so  beautifully 
marked.  Then  we  meet  common  locust  again,  by  the 
Walk,  and  beyond  the  locust,  dogwood.  An  open 
stretch  of  grass  follows  and  we  stop  at  a  point  not 
far  from  the  Terrace  Bridge  to  look  at  two  lovely 
willows  drooping  over  the  stream  close  to  the  water's 
edge.  They  are  very  beautiful  and  very  different. 


The  one  this  side  is  the  royal  white  willow,  (Saliv 
alba,  var.  regalis)  and  you  can  see  in  its  leaves  a 
close  relation  to  the  vitellina.  But  its  leaves  are  much 
softer  and  of  much  finer  finish  than  those  of  the  vitel- 
lina. Stand  back  a  little  and  catch  the  effect  of 
the  beautiful  silvery-gray  cast  to  the  foliage  of  the 
rcgalis.  The  willow  beyond  it,  nearer  the  Bridge, 
is  purple  willow,  (SalLv  purpured),  and  quite  as  lovely 
in  its  way.  How  beautifully  are  the  two  contrasted 
by  their  foliage.  The  leaves  of  the  purple  willow 
are  lanceolate  and  set  on  very  noticeably  olive,  or 
reddish  and  purplish  stems.  Its  leaves  are  of  a 
peculiar  soft  gray-green,  with  quite  a  delicate 
bluish  cast.  The  effect  of  its  foliage  is  grace  and 
fineness  and  certainly  this  sapling  has  here  been  well 
set.  A  few  steps  further  on  we  come  to  Terrace  Bridge 
which  spans  the  stream.  This  we  cross  by  a  little 
detour  up  the  slope  of  the  hill,  and  coming  down  the 
opposite  bank,  start  at  the  abutments  of  the  bridge 
and  walk  through  Lullwater,  keeping  the  stream  on 
our  right. 

Not  far  from  the  Bridge,  standing  by  the  water, 
is  yellow  willow,  and  beyond  it,  a  little  back  on  the 
grass,  is  an  excellent  specimen  of  red  oak.  It  is 
well  up  to  the  type  and  worth  your  careful  study. 
Look  at  its  leaves  and  get  them  in  your  eye.  Look 
at  its  bark,  note  its  greenish-gray  tinge.  See  if  you 
can  find  acorns  on  it  and,  if  you  do,  note  their  thin 
saucers  or  cups.  Further  on  two  Camperdown  elms 
lean  over  the  bank,  close  by  the  water's  edge  and 
beyond  them  well  up  on  the  bank  is  a  fine  group 


179 

of  lilacs.  One  of  these  bushes  bears  white  flowers, 
the  others  all  have  purple.  Then  we  come  to  several 
Osage  oranges  and  hop-hornbeams.  Lock  out  for  the 
fruit  of  the  hop-hornbeams  and  see  how  different  it 
is  from  that  of  the  hornbeam.  Then  comes  a  Viburnum 
I'Ugosuin,  with  rough,  wrinkled  leaves,  and  broad  heads 
of  white  flowers  in  spring.  Its  leaves  are  almost  round. 
You  can  find  it  easily  for  it  is  not  far  from  a  goodly  sil- 
ver maple  which  stands  up  quite  conspicuously  near 
here.  An  English  hawthorn  meets  you  beyond  the 
silver  maple  and  then  a  Norway  spruce.  Quite  a 
little  stretch  further  on  you  come  to  another  Euro- 
pean or  tree  alder  and  down  by  the  waterside,  fur- 
ther along,  a  well  grown  bay  or  laurel-leaved  willow. 
How  it  flashes  and  plays  with  the  sunshine.  Near 
the  waterside  a  little  beyond  is  a  graceful  striped 
maple,  grown  to  good  size.  Note  the  fine  markings 
of  its  bark  and  if  you  wish  to  see  a  graceful  sight, 
come  to  this  tree  in  May,  when  its  flowers  hang  in 
delicate  greenish  racemes  from  under  its  tender  and 
beautifully  wrought  leaves.  You  cannot  mistake  the 
tree.  Its  striped  bark  is  distinctive  as  are  also  its 
strongly  three-lobed  leaves,  with  the  lobes  ending  in 
long,  fine  points.  Several  beautiful  hemlocks  float 
their  fine  sprays  to  the  breezes  here,  playing  with 
the  lights  and  shadows  of  the  sunshine.  By  the  stream- 
side  you  will  find  a  European  hazel,  very  beautiful 
when  the  alders  are  clouding  the  bare  trees  with  soft 
crimsons.  The  bloom  of  this  hazel  is  worth  seeing. 
It  hangs  all  over  it  a  golden  vail,  made  by  the  flower- 


i8o 


ing  staminate  catkins.  Beside  the  hazel  is  yellow  or 
golden  willow. 

A  good  specimen  of  the  English  elm  stands 
near  the  Walk  further  on  and  near  the  center  of  the 
bankshore  of  a  cove,  a  red-mulberry  rustles  its  odd- 
shaped  leaves. 

Now  we  have  come  to  a  point  where  the  Walk 
splits  into  two  forks,  the  left  crossing  Nethermead, 
the  right  keeping  on  toward  the  Boat  House.  On 
the  Walk  we  have  just  been  over,  we  passed,  on 
the  left,  coming  from  Terrace  Bridge,  purple  willow, 
Weir's  cut-leaved  silver  maple  (easily  known  by  its 
very  finely  cut-leaves),  a  clump  of  Austrian  pines  up 
on  the  hillside  near  Nethermead  Circuit  Drive:  then 
a  long  sweep  and  a  bush  of  common  elder  about  op- 
posite the  tree  alder;  European  hornbeam,  opposite 
laurel-leaved  willow ;  box ;  hemlocks ;  European  horn- 
beam again,  just  before  you  come  to  the  English 
elm.  About  opposite  the  little  cove  where  the  red 
mulberry  keeps  guard,  you  find  on  the  left  of  the 
Walk,  Mugho  pine  with  its  dwarf  form  clutching  the 
bank;  Austrian  pine  again  and  then  two  more  Mugho 
pines.  Just  beyond  the  Mugho  pines  are  two  Ceph- 
alonian  silver  firs  which  do  not  seem  to  be  doing 
nearly  so  well  as  their  sturdy  clansman  back  of  the 
Arbor  and  up  the  slope  of  Breeze  Hill  across  the 
stream.  That  Cephalonian  silver  fir  is  a  beautiful 
specimen  and  is  one  of  the  handsomest  of  its  kind 
in  the  Park.  You  can  know  the  Cephalonian  by 
its  stiff,  sharp,  pointed  needles,  which  are  dark-green 
above,  white  beneath,  and  have  their  petioles  dilated 


lengthwise  at  the  point  where  they  join  the  branch. 
The  general  form  of  the  tree  is  broadly  conical. 

Let  us  leave  the  Walk  here,  and  follow  the  edge 
of  the  stream  to  Lullwood  Bridge.  On  the  little 
peninsula  about  opposite  the  fork  of  the  Walk,  we 
find  two  very  handsome  golden  or  yellow  willows 
(Saliv  alba,  var.  vitellina)  and  about  midway  between 
them,  a  graceful  American  elm.  At  the  easterly  bight 
of  the  peninsula's  neck,  there  are,  hemlock,  two  Amer- 
ican larches  (distinguished  from  the  European  by 
their  smaller  leaves  and  cones)  and  a  noble  old 
weeping  European  silver  linden  that  has  kept  close 
friendship  many  a  year  with  its  bankside  compan- 
ion, a  rugged  old  golden  willow.  These  two  trees 
beautifully  contrast  each  other.  Back  on  the  grassy 
swells  of  the  meadow  a  stately  silver  maple  has  set 
foot  and  flings  its  boughs  out  in  a  most  sheltering  way, 
making  a  lovely  spot  for  idle  moments  and  drifting 
reveries.  Sit  beneath  it,  some  golden  spring  morn- 
ing and  listen  to  the  silken  rustle  of  its  leaves,  while 
the  grass  plays  in  silver  all  about  you.  Down  be- 
low it,  overhanging  the  stream,  an  English  maple 
stands  poised  as  if  about  to  step  into  the  water  and 
just  beyond  it  three  European  larches  whisper  to- 
gether as  they  softly  sway  their  beautifully  pendulous 
branches,  thickset  with  the  jet  of  their  large  cones. 
A  little  sweep  around  another  gentle  bay  of  the  stream 
brings  us  to  a  majestic  red  oak.  It  has  a  large  girth 
and  lifts  itself  up  on  a  stalwart,  sweeping  trunk  that 
is  majesty  itself.  High  up  it  holds  its  towering  head 
and  in  autumn  it  is  a  glory  when  the  frost  with  the 


182 


magic  of  his  breath  changes  its  glossy  green  to  bril- 
liant crimson.  Beyond  the  red  oak  clustered  close 
together  by  the  waterside  are  a  bunch  of  American 
chestnuts. 

Now  we  have  come  to  Lullwood  Bridge  and  cross- 
ing it  we  find  several  things  to  look  at  on  the  penin- 
sula beyond.  Following  this  around,  we  find  a  clump 
of  the  dwarf  Japan  catalpa,  easily  known  by  its 
angular  leaves.  Beyond  is  another  dwarf  clump,  but 
of  a  very  different  kind.  This  is  the  dwarf  horse- 
chestnut,  Pavia  macrostachya,  called  so  from  its  long, 
upright  racemes  of  white  flowers,  which  are  so  con- 
spicuous in  early  July.  Note  its  beautiful,  smooth, 
palmate  leaves.  On  the  point,  are  fringe  trees  in  a 
cluster  and  European  flowering  ashes,  and  on  the  next 
point  of  the  peninsula,  two  golden  or  yellow  willows 
side  by  side  and  about  opposite  them,  dropping  the 
beautiful  green  cascade  of  its  leaves  into  the  stream,  a 
graceful  weeping  willow.  The  shore  makes  a  bay 
in  here  and  at  its  narrowest  point  with  the  Walk, 
about  midway  between  water  and  Walk,  almost  in 
line  with  each  other  are  ninebark,  sweet  pepper  bush, 
and  European  or  tree  alder.  A  fine,  old  silver  maple 
whispering  to  itself,  stands  sentinel  at  the  end  of  the 
inlet  here,  and  another  one,  close  by  the  Walk,  over- 
hangs the  groups  of  syringa,  which  we  met  as  we 
started  on  this  ramble. 


SECTIONAL  DIAGRAM 


Explanations,  Sectional  Diagram  No.   II 


COMMON  NAME 

1.  Black  haw. 

2.  Norway  spruce. 

3.  Panicled  dogwood. 

4.  Common    sweet    pepper 

bush. 

5.  Scarlet  oak. 

6.  Mockernut  hickory. 

7.  Ramanas  rose. 

8.  Missouri  currant. 

9.  White  oak. 

10.  Black  oak. 

11.  American  chestnut. 

12.  Flowering   dogwood. 

13.  Red  maple. 

14.  Osage  orange. 

15.  Fringe  tree. 

16.  Carolina  allspice,  or 

sweet  scented  straw- 
berry shrub. 

17.  American  strawberry 

bush. 

18.  Californian   privet. 

19.  American   hornbeam. 

20.  Common  privet. 

21.  Fragrant  honeysuckle. 

22.  Carolina  allspice.   (Glau- 

cous leaved.) 

23.  Himalayan  spruce. 

24.  Hemlock. 

25.  Black  oak. 

26.  American  white  or  gray 

birch. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Viburnum  prunifoliuwi. 
Picea    excelsa. 
Cornus  paniculata. 
Clcthra  alnifolia. 

Qucrcus  co ccinea. 

Carya  tomcntosa. 

Rosa  rugosa. 

Ribcs  aureum. 

Qucrus  alba. 

Qucrcus  coccinea,  var.  tinc- 
toria. 

Castanea  sativa,  var.  Ameri- 
cana. 

Cornus  florida. 

Acer  rubrum. 

Madura  aurantiaca. 

Chionanthus  Virginica. 

Calycanthus  ftoridus. 


Euonymus  Amenicanus. 

Ligustrum  ovalifolium. 
Ca  rp  inus    Ca  ro  I  in  ia  n  a . 
Ligustrum  vulgarc. 
Lonicera  fragrantissima. 
Calycanthus  glaucus. 

Picea   Morinda. 

Tsuga   Canadensis. 

Quer^cus   coccinea,   var.    tinc- 

toria. 
Bctula  populifolia. 


i86 


COMMON  NAME 

27.  American  or  white  elm. 

28.  American  holly. 

29.  Lombardy  poplar. 

30.  Weeping     Japan  pagoda 

tree. 

31.  Althaea  or  Rose  of  Sha- 

ron. 

32.  Scarlet  fruited  thorn. 

33.  Black  alder  or  common 

winterberry. 

34.  Silver  bell  or  snowdrop 

tree. 

35.  Yellow-wood. 

36.  Variety     Neapolitana  of 

the  cockspur  thorn. 

37.  Purple  magnolia. 

38.  Soulanges  magnolia. 

39.  Cucumber  tree. 

40.  Slender  Deutzia. 

41.  Hall's       Japan       honey- 

suckle. 

42.  Ash-leaved  maple  or  box 

elder. 

43.  European  hazel. 

44.  Sycamore  maple. 

45.  Sweet  gum  or  bilsted. 

46.  White  pine. 

47.  Silver  maple. 

48.  European  linden. 

49.  European  silver  linden. 

50.  Colchicum-leaved  maple. 

51.  Tulip,  tree. 

52.  Nordmann's  silver  fir. 

53.  Mt.  Atlas  or  African  ce- 

dar. 

54.  American  beech. 

55.  Sour  gum,  tupelo  or  pep- 

peridge. 

56.  Blunt-leaved    Japan    ar- 

bor vitae. 

57.  Red-flowering    horse- 

chestnut. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Ulmus  Americana. 

Ilex  opaca. 

Populus  dilatata. 

Sophora  Japonica,  var.  pend- 

ula. 
Hibiscus  Syriacus. 

Cratccgus  coccinea. 
Ilex  verticillata. 

Halcsia   tetraptera. 

Cladrastis  tinctoria. 

Cratcegus  cms -galli,  var.  Nea- 
politana. 

Magnolia  pur  pur  ea. 

Magnolia  Soulangeana. 

Magnolia  acuminata. 

Dcutzia  gracilis. 

Lonicera  Japonica  (or  Hal- 
liana). 

Negundo  ac oroides. 

Corylus  avellana. 

Acer  pseudoplatanus. 

Liquidambar  styracinua. 

Pinus  strobus. 

Acer   dasycarpum. 

Tilia   Europ&a. 

Tilia  Europcea,  var.  argentea 

(or   alba). 
Acer  Lcctum. 
Liriodendron  tulipifera. 
Abies   Nordmanniana. 
Cedrus  Atlantica. 

Fagus   fcrruginea. 
Nyssa  sylvatica. 

Chamacyparis     (or    Rctinos- 

pora)    obtusa. 
JEsculus  hippocastanum,  var. 

rubicunda. 


i87 


COMMON  NAME 

58.  Red  osier. 

59.  Bush   cranberry. 

60.  Scotch  elm. 

61.  Caucasian  walnut. 

62.  European      or      English 

yew. 

63.  Polish  Juniper. 

64.  Bush  Deutzia.     (Variety 

Pride  of  Rochester.) 

65.  Ginseng. 

66.  Japan  lemon. 

67.  Variegated  English  yew. 

68.  Rhododendron.        (Rosy 

lilac  colored  flowers. 

69.  Thread-like  Oriental  ar- 

bor vitse. 

70.  Golden  English  yew. 

71.  Camperdown  elm. 

72.  Pipe  vine  or  Dutchman's 

pipe. 

73.  Kcelreuteria. 

74.  Red  oak. 

75.  White  beam  tree. 

76.  Sassafras. 

77.  European  hornbeam. 

78.  Pin  oak. 

79.  Oriental  plane  tree. 

80.  Black  cherry. 

81.  Oleaster. 

82.  Van  Houtte's  spiraea. 

83.  Weeping  golden   bell   or 

Forsythia. 

84.  Japan  quince. 

85.  Honey  locust. 

86.  Hop  hornbeam. 

87.  Cherry  birch. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Cor  mis  stolonifera. 
Viburnum  opulis. 
Ulmus  montana. 
Pterocarya  fraxinifolia. 
Taxus  baccata. 

Juniperus      communis,      var. 

Cracovia. 
Deutsia    crenata,    var.    Pride 

of  Rochester. 
Aralia  quinque  folia. 
Citrus  trifoliata. 
Taxus    baccata,   var.    elegan- 

tissima. 
Rhododendron,  var.   everes- 

tianum. 
Thuya    Oricntalis,    var.     fili- 

formis. 

Taxus  baccata,  var.  aurca. 
Ulmus    montana,    var.    Cam- 

pcrdownii    pcndula. 
Aristolochia  sipho. 

Kcelreuteria   paniculata. 
Quercus   rubrcu 
S orbits  (or  Pyrus)  aria. 
Sassafras  officinalc. 
Carpinus  bctulus. 
Quercus  palustris. 
Platanus  Oricntalis. 
Prunus  serotina. 
Elceagnus  angustifolia. 
Spiraa  Van  Houttei. 
Forsythia  suspensa. 

Cydonia   Japonica. 
Glcditschia  triacanthos. 
Ostrya  Virginica. 
Betula  lenta. 


i88 

XL 
MUSIC  STAND  TO  LONG  MEADOW. 

When  you  take  this  ramble,  may  you  have  such  a 
day  as  I  had,  when  I  started  to  go  over  its  ground 
one  Saturday,  in  early  summer. 

The  golden  sunshine  of  the  afternoon  came  slant- 
ing through  the  trees  and  the  music  from  the  Stand 
swelled  and  lulled  and  swelled  until  it  seemed  to 
move  with  the  play  of  the  breeze,  harmony  for  har- 
mony, melody  for  melody,  in  a  sympathy  of  rhythm. 
When  the  music  rushed  and  thrilled  with  some  ex- 
alted ecstacy  of  harmony,  the  breeze  seemed  to  rush 
with  it.  Rising  and  swelling  in  sudden  gusts,  it 
came  sweeping  through  the  green  leaved  canopies, 
shaking  them  into  flying  silver,  sending  through  their 
masses,  quick,  quivering  radiances  of  light  which 
twinkled  like  falling  rain.  At  every  gust,  wave  after 
wave  of  dancing  light  played  througn  the  illumined 
green.  When  these  gusts  came  the  shimmering 
beat  of  light  over  the  glorified  leaves,  was  music  to 
the  eye  as  much  as  the  sonorous  and  swelling  ca- 
dences of  the  orchestra  thrilled  music  to  the  ear. 
Through  the  pauses  of  the  music,  sounded  ever,  like 
an  echo  of  waters  falling  in  the  heart  of  the  woods, 
the  rustling  of  the  leaves  overhead,  sounds  full  of 
cool  suggestions,  contentment  and  refreshment  of  the 
soul. 


1 89 


As  I  stood  and  watched  the  beat  of  light,  playing 
in  sweeps  of  soundless  harmonies  through  the  wind- 
stirred  leaves,  the  fountain  blew  aloft  to  the  trem- 
ble of  the  music,  its  upward  smoke.  The  breeze 
caught  it  and  drifted  it  gently  over  the  pool,  in  slowly 
falling  folds  of  fleecy  mists,  which  seemed  to  cling 
lingeringly  in  the  air.  As  they  drifted,  they  drew 
the  imagination  with  them  and  spirits  of  the  air  seemed 
ever  draping  this  fair  fountain  with  a  flowing  vail; 
seemed  ever  changing  the  fleecy  folds,  drawing  and 
drawing  in  endless  garniture. 

As  the  slowly  drifting,  fleecy  mists  wafted  with 
the  breeze,  the  sunlight  struck  through  their  lace,  and 
in  the  twinkling  of  an  eye,  changed  them  to  falling 
showers  of  gold ;  glorified  beyond  words.  Hallowed 
as  by  a  silent  benediction,  they  sifted  slowly  away, 
melting  through  the  trees  and  fading  from  sight  in 
wisps  and  wreaths  of  drifting  gold. 

But  let  us  see  what  we  have  about  us  here.  Be- 
ginning on  the  northerly  side  of  the  Music  Stand, 
all  along  the  waterside,  you  will  find  good  sized  bushes 
of  the  panicled  dogwood.  You  will  have  no  diffi- 
culty in  finding  it,  if  you  look  for  a  bush  about  five 
feet  high,  considerably  branched  and  with  a  smooth 
ash  colored  bark.  Its  dogwood  leaves  are  long  oval 
and  taper-pointed,  whitish  on  the  undersides  and  acute 
or  rounded  at  the  bases.  But  try  to  see  one  of  these 
shrubs  in  the  early  days  of  June,  when  it  is  putting 
forth  the  flower  heads  which  have  given  it  its  name 
paniculata.  These  are  white,  in  distinct,  upright 
panicles.  The  panicles  have  a  high  convex  curve  of 


190 

outline,  quite  different  from  the  flat  top  of  the  alter- 
nate leaved  dogwood.  Indeed,  the  flower  clusters 
of  the  paniculata  are  quite  cone-shaped.  You  will  know 
them  at  once  by  this  mark,  when  you  see  them  in 
flower.  The  flowers  develop  into  white  rounded  ber- 
ries about  the  size  of  peas  on  stalks  of  pale  scarlet. 
These  are  ripe  in  late  August  or  early  September. 

About  opposite  the  north-easterly  corner  of  the  Mu- 
sic Stand  is  a  scarlet  oak  and  beside  it,  sweet  pepper 
bush.  Tall  and  fair  and  straight,  a  mockernut  hickory 
stretches  up  its  lofty  head  nearby  and  Ramanas  rose 
and  Missouri  currant  flourish  in  cozy  nooks  close 
down  by  the  corner  of  the  low  iron  ornamental  fence 
which  guards  the  bankside  here. 

A  rustic  bridge  spans  the  darkly  shadowed  water 
not  many  feet  away,  and  we  will  follow  the  path  that 
leads  over  it  up  to  the  Farm  House  on  the  hill  and 
then  through  the  lovely  shades  of  Ambergill  out  to 
Long  Meadow.  Then  we  will  come  back  to  this  rustic 
bridge  again  and  follow  the  other  forking  of  the 
Walk  in  this  beautiful  section  of  the  Park. 

Tall,  stately,  majestic,  with  a  silent  dignity  all  their 
own  like  two  Horatii  guarding,  the  little  bridge,  stand 
two  oak  trees,  both  on  the  right,  one  at  the  south  end, 
the  other  at  the  north.  How  like,  yet  how  unlike.  The 
southern  is  a  white  oak.  Notice  its  light  gray  bark. 
The  northern  is  a  black  oak.  Notice  its  dark  black- 
ish bark  whdse  thick  heavy  plates  are  quite  different 
from  the  thin  granite  gray  scales  of  the  white's. 

Just  as  the  Walk  crosses  the  Bridle  Path,  in  the 
corner  at  the  left,  is  red  maple,  and  crossing  the  Bridle 


191 

Path,  in  the  corner  at  the  right,  is  another  white  oak. 
Opposite  this  white  oak,  on  the  left  of  the  Walk,  is 
Osage  orange  with  reddish  brown  bark  and  spines  in 
its  leaf  axils.  Beside  it  is  another  panicled  dogwood, 
and  as  the  path  meets  the  Drive,  at  the  left  hand  corner 
is  fringe  tree  and  at  the  right  hand,  panicled  dogwood 
again. 

Before  you  cross  the  Drive  here,  turn  to  your  left 
and  look  at  some  of  the  things  along  the  side  of  the 
Drive  as  you  go  west  to  Nethermead  Arches.  In  that 
little  stretch  of  things  green  and  lovely,  you  will  find 
Carolina  allspice  or  sweet  scented  strawberry  with 
long  oval  or  oblong  leaves  which  are  soft  and  downy 
on  the  undersides.  Almost  beside  it  stands  American 
strawberry  bush,  and  close  by  Nethermead  Arches, 
variegated  English  yew,  with  dark  green  leaves  in 
rows  along  its  stems  and  leaves  sharp-pointed. 

Let  us  go  back  now  to  the  drive  crossing  by  the 
fringe  tree  and  the  panicled  dogwood,  and  cross  the 
Drive.  As  we  take  up  the  thread  of  the  path  on  the 
other  side,  at  our  right  are  Carolina  allspice  and  Cali- 
fornian  privet  and,  on  our  left,  American  hornbeam, 
common  privet,  and  fragrant  honeysuckle. 

The  path  winds  on  up  the  hill,  and  if  you  strike 
off  from  it  for  a  moment  and  walk  out  to  the  edge  of 
the  ridge  you  will  find  some  extremely  interesting 
evergreens.  They  are  well  worth  seeing.  You  will 
get  a  near  view  of  them  here,  but  their  best  showing 
is  seen  from  the  path  across  the  little  trickling  brook 
that  sings  down  this  pretty  ravine.  The  evergreens 
of  which  I  speak  are  specimens  of  the  Himalayan 


I  (J2 

spruce  (Picea  morinda).  They  are  beautiful  trees 
with  long  sweeping  pendulous  branches,  giving  a  cas- 
cade effect  to  their  soft  light  green  foliage.  If  you 
see  the  trees  from  across  the  brook,  they  show  a 
noticeably  dusty  gray  tint  through  their  green.  This 
tint  is  given  by  the  slightly  glaucous  touching  on  the 
undersides  of  their  needles.  You  will  know  the  trees 
almost  on  sight  by  their  long  needles,  from  one  to 
two  inches  in  length.  These  needles  are  four  sided, 
of  pale  green  color,  strong,  stiffish,  curving  gently 
round  in  a  fine  arc  to  the  top,  which  is  sharply  acute. 
The  path  .passes  some  well  grown  black  oaks  by  the 
Farm  House  and,  if  you  take  the  left  fork,  turning  by 
the  little  shelter,  it  leads  you  down  through  the  whis- 
pering shades  of  Amergill,  beside  tinkling  waters 
that  have  a  music  all  their  own.  Amergill  is  a  beauti- 
ful work  of  landscape  architecture,  and  as  you  walk 
through  it,  you  can  easily  fancy  that  you  are  "way  out 
in  the  country  somewhere."  But  if  you  wish  to  catch 
something  of  the  enchantment  of  the  place  come  here 
some  soft  moonlight  night  in  summer.  The  foliage  is 
so  dense  that  the  moonbeams  only  break  through  here 
and  there  in  patches  of  silver.  All  else  is  darkness. 
The  song  of  insects  make  the  air  vibrant;  the  breeze 
comes  and  goes  through  the  trees  with  cool  rustlings 
that  are  refreshment  enough ;  but  over  all  and  through 
all  comes  a  still  small  voice,  tinkling,  tinkling,  tinkling 
time  away  in  drops  of  silver  water.  It  is  the  stream 
stretching  its  strings  like  a  harp  across  the  face  of  the 
rocky  glen  here,  and  singing  softly  to  the  moonbeams 


193 

playing  so  gently  over  it.  It  is  the  spirit  of  the  place 
and  its  serene  beauty  will  haunt  you  many  a  day. 

As  we  thread  its  leaf  hung  ways,  puffs  of  cool  air 
come  up  to  us  from  its  glens,  and  if  you  have  come 
here  after  a  rain,  spicy  whiffs  of  things  evergreen  and 
of  the  woods.  When  you  have  come  about  opposite 
the  easterly  corner  of  the  shelter  that  overhangs  the 
path  here  from  a  Walk  above,  look  on  your  left  hand 
for  a  tree  with  large  dark  green  leaves  of  roundish 
obovate  or  oblong  oval  shapes,  generally  wedge-shaped 
at  the  base,  either  acute  or  obtuse  at  the  point,  and 
with  margins  sharply  and  doubly  serrate.  The  leaves 
are  smooth  on  the  uppersides  and  very  white  on  the 
undersides.  At  a  distance  you  might  mistake  this 
tree  for  a  scarlet  fruited  hawthorn.  '  It  is  not  of  that 
family  at  all,  however,  but  belongs  to  the  same  clan 
as  the  mountain  ash.  It  is  the  white  beam  tree  (Sorbus 
or  Pyrus  Aria}.  Its  flowers  are  in  broad  corymbs  and 
these  change  into  globose  orange-red  berries  in  close 
clusters. 

If  you  follow  the  Walk  on  until  it  comes  out  at  Long 
Meadow,  it  will  show  you  some  noble  sweet  gums,  red 
oaks,  white  oaks,  black  oaks  and  hornbeams  which 
you  have  probably  learned  to  pick  out  at  sight  now, 
so  we  will  come  back  to  the  rustic  bridge  by  the  Music 
Stand  and  take  up  the  Walk  that  runs  by  Binnen 
\Vater,  under  Nethermead  Arches  or  Three-Arch- 
Bridge,  as  it  is  often  called,  up  the  ravine  and  thence 
to  and  around  the  Swan  Boat  Lake  to  Long  Meadow 
again. 

Starting  then   from  the  rustic  bridge,  once  more, 


194 

we  pass  on  the  right  American  gray  birch,  close  by 
the  bridge ;  red  maple,  hemlock,  American  holly,  Lom- 
bardy  poplar  with  its  branches  gathered  close  in  to  its 
trunk;  weeping  Japan  pagoda  tree  just  beyond  the 
Lombardy  poplar  by  the  pool ;  then  two  Rose  of 
Sharon  trees,  side  by  side.  Of  these,  the  one  near  the 
Japan  pagoda  tree  bears  white  flowers,  and  the  one 
near  the  Walk,  magenta  flowers,  usually  in  July.  By 
the  Walk,  beyond  the  Rose  of  Sharon,  stands  a  scar- 
let fruited  hawthorn.  Beyond  the  hawthorn,  a  little 
stretch,  you  come  to  a  point  where  the  Walk  throws 
off  an  arm  to  the  left,  sweeping  the  Nethermead. 
About  opposite  'its  point  of  branching,  on  the  right  of 
the  Walk  which  you  have  been  traversing,  nestled  in 
with  the  shrubbery,  you  will  find  black  alder  or  com- 
mon winterberry  (Ilex  verticillata) .  As  its  name  im- 
plies, it  is  of  the  holly  family,  but  its  leaves  are  any- 
thing but  holly-like  of  aspect.  They  are  long  egg- 
shaped  or  wedge-lanceolate  and  pointed  at  both  ends. 
On  the  undersides  their  veins  are  downy.  Should  you 
pass  this  shrub  in  late  June  you  may  see  its  pretty 
small  white  flowers  of  six  petals  clustered  in  the  axils 
of  the  leaves,  on  short  peduncles  or  stems.  These 
flowers  change  into  bright  scarlet  berries  which  ripen 
late  in  autumn. 

If  you  should  take  the  arm  of  the  path  just  spoken 
of  above,  sweeping  around  the  Nethermead,  it  will 
lead  you  past  many  beautiful  things.  On  its  right  you 
pass  several  handsome  magnolias.  These  are  Mag- 
nolia purpurea  and  bear  deep  purple  flowers  early  in 
spring.  On  the  left,  opposite  them,  are  silver  bell, 


195 

Osage  orange,  and  back  of  the  Osage  orange  a  very 
handsome  and  rare  variety  of  the  cockspur  thorn. 
This  variety,  which  is  Nea.politana,  has  two  different 
kinds  of  leaves,  one  kind  thin  and  of  a  rather  triangular 
form,  the  other  of  a  thick,  roundish  character,  with  a 
very  shining  coriaceous  upper  surface.  Some  botanical 
authorities  speak  of  it  as  Cratcegus  crus-galli,  var.  het- 
crophylla,  referring  to  its  characteristic  of  growing 
different  leaves.  Beyond  this  variety  of  the  cockspur, 
still  on  your  left,  are  scarlet  fruited  thorn  and  yellow- 
wood. 

At  the  point  where  this  side  arm  from  the  larger 
path  meets  the  Nethermead  Circuit  Drive  by  a  little 
offshoot  of  Walk,  you  will  find  at  easy  points  of  identi- 
fication, by  the  sectional  diagram,  European  hazel, 
sycamore  maple,  sweet  gum  easily  known  by  its  star- 
shaped  leaves  and  fringe  tree.  Step  out  on  the  Drive 
now  and  follow  it  for  a  little  space  toward  Lookout 
Hill.  Along  its  left  hand  border  are  very  hand- 
some lindens  and  some  of  the  best  grown  Col- 
chicum  maples  in  the  Park.  These  last  you  can 
pick  out  by  the  peculiarly  marked  bark  of  their  trunks 
and  by  their  five  to  seven  lobed  leaves.  These  maples 
bear  their  blossoms  in  erect  corymbs.  To  make  their 
identification  sure,  the  tree  next  to  the  west  of  the 
lamp-post  here  is  Colchicum  maple,  then  comes  syca- 
more maple  (with  another  just  south  of  it),  then  an- 
other Colchicum  maple,  then  a  fine  tulip  tree  a  little 
to  the  south-west  of  the  Colchicum  maple.  Near  the 
next  lamp-post  which  you  pass  on  your  left  going 
west  toward  Lookout  Hill,  are  several  things  of  in- 


J96 

terest.  Just  before  you  come  to  it,  off  to  your  left, 
stands  another  sycamore  maple.  See  how  well  it 
merits  its  name  pseudo-platanus.  Near  it,  closer  to 
the  Drive  and  nearer  the  lamp-post  is  a  Nordmann's 
silver  fir.  A  little  south-west  of  the  lamp-post  is  a 
red  maple,  with  another  of  its  kind  just  beyond  it. 
The  next  tree  west  of  the  lamp-post,  and  close  by  the 
Drive,  is  Nordmann's  silver  fir  again.  What  a  rich 
dark  green  have  its  leaves.  Notice  the  silver  white 
on  their  undersides.  Directly  opposite  the  lamp-post, 
on  the  other  side  of  the  Drive  and  leaning  out  over 
the  Bridle  Path  are  two  fine  specimens  of  the  Amer- 
ican beech,  with  smooth  light  gray  bark  and  chestnut- 
like  leaves.  Going  still  westward  on  the  Drive,  just 
back  to  the  south-west  of  the  last  Nordmann,  you 
come  to  a  red  maple  and  further  over  to  a  noble  ever- 
green, of  light  feathery  aspect,  and  graceful  fountain- 
spray  form  of  branching.  It  was  perfect  before  it  lost 
its  top  branches,  but  it  is  beautiful  still.  It  is  the 
Mount  Atlas  variety  of  the  Cedar  of  Lebanon  (Cedrus 
Atlantica).  You  probably  have  noticed  this  tree  often 
in  your  rambles  and  perhaps  have  been  told  that  it  is 
Cedar  of  Lebanon.  It  is  in  a  way,  Cedar  of  Lebanon. 
That  is  it  is  a  variety  of  it,  known  botanically  as  the 
Mount  Atlas  Cedar  (Cedrus  Atlantica).  If  you  com- 
pare its  leaves  with  those  of  the  Cedrus  Libani  on  the 
southern  slope  of  Breeze  Hill  you  will  see  that  these 
have  a  glaucous  tinge  over  them.  In  addition  they 
are  mostly  cylindric,  stiff,  mucronate  or  sharp  pointed 
and  closely  clustered.  Those  of  the  Libani  are  long 
needle  form,  taper  pointed,  few  in  fascicle  and  are  of 


a  deep  green  color.  Notice  too  that  this  Mount  Atlas 
Cedar  throws  up  its  branches  in  perfect  vase  form 
which  is  characteristic  of  the  Atlantica,  whereas  the 
Libani  has  a  distinct  horizontal  swing  to  its  branches. 

Let  us  now  come  back  to  the  junction  of  the  Walk 
by  the  black  alder  and  continue  along  its  course 
toward  Swan  Boat  Lake.  On  the  right,  about  oppo- 
site a  second  offshoot  of  the  Walk  to  the  left,  you 
will  find  thick  clumps  of  ginseng  or  Aralia  quinque- 
folia,  which  you  recognize  at  once  by  its  five  leaves. 
Great  masses  of  Deutzia  gracilis  bank  both  sides  of 
this  second  offshoot  of  path  which  climbs  a  few  steps 
and  runs  around  in  a  short  arc  to  meet  the  Drive.  We 
will  not  follow  it  now,  but  will  keep  on  with  the  path 
which  runs  under  the  Three-Arched-Bridge. 

On  your  left,  about  midway  between  the  offshoot 
of  the  path  and  the  Bridge,  close  by  the  Walk  and 
leaning  over  it  are  some  trees  which  you  will  do  well 
to  look  at  closely.  They  are  Caucasian  walnuts  and 
you  can  know  them  easily  by  their  long  compound 
leaves  made  up  of  from  eleven  to  twenty-odd  smooth 
glossy  leaflets.  The  leaflets  have  crisped  margins. 
The  bark  of  these  trees  is  curiously  streaked  or  marked 
with  reddish  brown  lines  which  make  you  think  of  the 
Halesia  or  silver  bell.  Don't  miss  them,  and  if  possible 
don't  fail  to  look  for  their  strings  of  fruits  which 
develop  from  long,  drooping  racemes  of  flowers.  It 
is  the  wing  on  the  fruit  which  has  given  the  tree  its 
botanical  name  Pterocarya.  Close  by  the  Bridge,  on 
your  left,  is  English  yew.  As  you  come  out  from 
under  the  Bridge  and  pass  the  next  offshoot  of  path" 


I98 

which  springs  away  to  the  left,  you  pass  variegated 
English  yew,  English  yew,  rhododendron,  thread-like 
Oriental  arbor  vitse  and  golden  English  yew. 

After  a  delightful  sauntering  under  darksome 
shades  of  hornbeam  and  hemlock  and  many  other 
things  green  and  woodsy  you  are  led  through  a  rock 
bordered  glen  out  upon  an  edge  of  Long  Meadow.  The 
path  branches  here  and  we  take  the  left  which  leads 
around  the  Swan  Boat  Lake. 

A  pretty  little  black  haw  stands  close  by  the  Walk 
arid  the  water,  on  the  right  as  you  go  westward.  On 
the  left,  gathered  in  a  close  group  about  the  junction 
of  the  Walk  are  red  maple,  sweet  gum,  with  Ameri- 
can chestnut  behind  it,  and  then  scarlet  oak.  Further 
on  a  little,  tall  red  oaks  rear  up  their  strength  and 
beauty,  and  as  the  path  comes  close  again  to  the 
water,  white  oak,  black  haw,  chestnut,  and  two  very 
fine  sweet  gums  quite  close  to  each  other  overshadow 
you.  As  the  path  joins  another  which  has  climbed 
up  from  the  Drive,  it  turns  north-westward  and  bends 
around  Swan  Boat  Lake,  over  a  beautifully  set  rustic 
bridge.  On  the  way  around  this  little  sheet  of  water 
you  pass  on  the  right,  or  water  side,  Californian  privet, 
black  cherry,  oleaster,  Van  Houtte's  spiraea,  honey 
locust,  with  a  fine  scarlet  oak  beside  it,  and  all  along 
the  north-western  border  of  the  lake,  handsome  sweet 
gums,  chestnuts,  pin  oak  and  the  finest  groups  of 
pepperidge  trees  in  the  Park.  These  last  should  be 
seen,  by  special  appointment,  in  the  days  of  early 
autumn.  Their  glossy  leaves  take  the  most  beautiful 
shades  of  rich  maroon  or  brilliant,  cool  crimson. 


199 

If  you  follow  the  water  course  here  it  will  lead  you 
on  to  a  junction  of  paths  near  the  spot  where  we 
came  out  from  Ambergill  and  at  this  junction  on  the 
Long  Meadow  we  start  on  our  next  ramble. 


SECTIONAL  DIAGRAM 


Explanations,  Sectional  Diagram  No.   12 


COMMON  NAME 

1.  European  hornbeam. 

2.  Californian   privet. 

3.  English  elm. 

4.  American  hornbeam. 

5.  American  chestnut. 

6.  White  oak. 

7.  Sassafras. 

8.  Sweet  gum  or  bilsted. 

9.  Smooth    branched    Eng- 

lish elm. 

10.  Scotch  elm. 

11.  American  or  white  elm. 

12.  Red  maple. 

13.  Indian   currant  or  coral 

berry. 

14.  Mountain-ash-leaved 

spiraea. 

15.  Tree  of  Heaven  or 

ailanthus. 

16.  Ninebark. 

17.  Smooth  sumac. 

1 8.  Common  privet. 

19.  Spanish  chestnut. 

20.  Yellow  birch. 

21.  English  oak. 

22.  White  pine. 

23.  Dwarf  mountain  sumac. 
2/4.  Californian  privet. 

25.  Austrian  pine. 

26.  Paper  or  canoe  birch. 

27.  Cherry  birch. 

28.  Black  haw. 

29.  European   or  tree   alder. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Carpinus  betulus. 
Ligustrum  ovalifoliutn. 
Ulmus  campestris. 
Carpinus    Caroiiniana. 
Castanea  sativa,  var.  Ameri- 
cana. 

Quercus  alba. 
Sassafras  officinale. 
Liquidambar  styraciHua. 
Ulmus  campestris,  var. 

Ulmus  montana. 
Ulmus  Americana. 
Acer  rubrum. 
Symphoricarfos   vulgaris. 

Spir&a   s or bi folia. 
Ailanthus  glandulosus. 

Physocarpus  (or  Spiraea)  op 

ulifolia. 
RJins  glabra. 
Ligustrum  vulgare. 
Castanea  satira. 
Be  tula   lutea. 
Quercus  robur. 
Pinus  strobus. 
Rlius   copallina. 
Ligustrum  ovalifolium. 
Pinus  Austriaca. 
Betula  papyrifera. 
Betula  lenta. 
J7iburnum  prunifolium. 
Alnus  gluiinosa. 


204 


COMMON   NAME 

30.  Choke   cherry. 

31.  English  hawthorn. 

32.  English   elm. 

33.  Golden    bell    or    Forsy- 

thia. 

34.  Japan  quince. 

35.  Hackberry  or  sugarberry. 

36.  Weeping  European  silver 

linden. 

37.  Cut-leaved  European 

elder. 

38.  European  linden. 

39.  European  silver  linden. 

40.  Silver  maple. 

41.  Sycamore  maple. 

42.  Judas  tree  or  redbud. 

43.  Variety     pyracanthafolia 

of  the  cockspur  thorn. 

44.  Ginkgo  tree. 

45.  Sour     gum,     tupelo,     or 

pepperidge. 

46.  Sugar  maple. 

47.  American  basswood. 

48.  Small-leaved      European 

linden. 

49.  Imperial  Paulownia. 

50.  Indian  bean  or  southern 

catalpa. 

51.  Indian  bean  or  southern 

catalpa. 

52.  Cucumber  tree. 

53.  Soulange's    magnolia. 

54.  Sweet       viburnum        or 

sheep  berry. 

55.  Pin  oak. 

56.  Chestnut   oak. 

57.  Heart-leaved  alder. 

58.  Large-racemed  dwarf 

horse-chestnut. 

59.  Sessile-leaved    Weigela. 

60.  Swiss  stone  pine. 

61.  Five  leaved  akebia. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

P I'LL n us  Virg in ia  na. 
Cratcegus   oxyacantha. 
Ulmus  campestris. 
Forsythia   viridissima. 

Cydonia  Japonica. 
Celt  is  occidental^ . 
Tilia  Europcea,  var.  argentca 

(or  alba)  pcndula. 
Sambucus   nigra,   var.    la  tin - 

iata. 

Tilia   Europaa. 
Tilia  Europaa,  var.  argentca 

(or  alba). 
Acer  dasycarpum. 
Acer  pscudoplatanus. 
Ccrcis  Canadensis. 
Cratcegus       crus-galli,      var. 

pyracanthafolia. 
Salisburia  adian ti folia. 
Nyssa  syhatica. 

Acer  saccharinum. 

Tilia  Americana. 

Tilia    Europcca,     var.     parvi- 

folia. 

Paulownia   impcrialis. 
Catalpa  bignoniodes. 

Catalpa  bignoniodes. 

Magnolia  acuminata. 
Magnolia  Soulangcana. 
Viburnum   lentago. 

Quercus   palustris. 
Quercus   prinus. 
Alnus  c or di folia. 
Pavia  macrostachyia. 

Dicrvilla  sessilifolia. 
Finns  Ccmbra. 
Akebia   quinata. 


20  q 


COMMON   NAME 

62.  Evergreen  hawthorn. 

63.  European  or  English 

yew. 

64.  Hop   hornbeam. 

65.  Weigela. 

66.  English  or  field  maple. 

67.  Kcelreuteria. 

68.  Yellow-wood. 

69.  Fern-leaved  beech. 

70.  Flowering  dogwood. 

71.  Norway  maple. 

72.  Lawson's  erect  cypress. 

73.  Obtuse-leaved  Japan  ar- 

bor vitse. 

74.  Turkey  oak. 

75.  Purple-leaved       English 

elm. 

76.  Curled-leaved    English 

elm. 

77.  Japan  Judas  tree. 

78.  Pin  oak. 

79.  Flowering    dogwood. 

80.  Common     sweet    pepper 

bush. 

Si.  Red  oak. 
82.  Bur  or  mossy-cup  oak. 


BOTANICAL  NAME 

Cratagus  pyracanthafolia. 
Ta.vus  baccata. 

Ostrya  Virginica. 
Diervilla  amabilis. 
Acer  campesire. 
Kcelreuteria  paniculata. 
Cladrastis  tinctoria. 
Fagus  sylvatica,  var.   hetero- 

phylla. 

Cornus  florida. 
Acer  platanoides. 
Cham&cyparis       Lawsoniana, 

var.   erecta. 
Cham&cy  paris     (or    Rctinos- 

pora)  obtusa  var.  nana. 
Quercus  cerris. 
Ulmus        campestris,       var. 

stricta  purpurea. 
Ulmus  campestris,  var.  ciicu- 

lata. 

Ccrcis  Japonica. 
Quercus  palustris. 
Cornus  florida. 
C  let  lira  aim folia. 

Quercus  rubra. 
Quercus  macrocarpa. 


XII. 

LONG  MEADOW  TO  PLAZA  ENTRANCE. 

In  this  ramble  we  start  at  the  fork  of  the  Walk 
as  you  come  out  from  Ambergill,  and  follow  the 
branch  that  runs  along  the  easterly  side  of  Long 
Meadow.  The  trees  you  pass  are  well  known  to  you 
now,  if  they  have  not  been  before,  for  you  have  met 
their  kinsmen  many  times  on  these  rambles.  On 
the  right,  American  hornbeam,  American  chestnut,  and 
English  elm;  on  the  left,  European  hornbeam,  Cali- 
fornian  privet,  English  elm,  American  chestnut,  white 
oak,  with  another  chestnut  quite  near  it  and  you  have 
come  to  another  forking  of  the  Walk.  For  the  present 
we  take  the  right  and  follow  the  easterly  side  of  Long 
Meadow  to  Meadow  Port  Arch.  We  will  then  come 
back  and  follow  the  left  branch  from  this  fork  of 
the  Walk  along  the  westerly  side  of  Long  Meadow 
out  to  Plaza  Entrance. 

As  you  go  north-easterly,  you  pass  three  red  maples 
on  the  left,  and  about  opposite  to  them,  over  on  the 
right,  well  across  the  green,  you  find  many  things  of  in- 
terest, in  the  vicinity  of  the  large  clumps  of  shrubbery 
there.  These  masses  make  a  fine  display  just  on  the  bor- 
der of  the  Bridle  Path  between  it  and  the  Walk  you  are 
following,  and  when  autumn  sends  over  them  the  sting- 
ing breath  of  her  flame,  they  burst  into  sudden  scarlet 
and  crimson. 


20? 

As  you  pass  along  the  Walk,  you  notice  on  the  right 
that  the  shrubberies  form  themselves  here  into  some 
four  or  five  distinct  groups,  and  if  you  study  each  group 
by  itself  you  will  have  little  difficulty  in  identifying 
the  things  indicated  on  the  diagram  for  this  section. 

Beginning  with  the  first  group  you  meet,  you  will 
find  flanking  its  southerly  border  brave  little  bushes, 
which  you  must  not  fail  to  see  in  autumn.  These  are 
Indian  currant  bushes  and  in  the  frosty  days  hang  all 
through  them  their  bright  red  berries.  The  berries 
have  given  the  bush  the  name  of  coral  berry.  Back 
of  the  Indian  currant  border  are  several  young  ailan- 
thus  trees,  whose  leaves  you  can  compare  with  those 
of  the  sumac  bushes  all  about  here.  About  the  feet 
of  the  ailanthus  trees  and  back  of  the  Indian  currant, 
another  clan  of  soldiery  fills  up  this  phalanx  of  shrub- 
bery. This  you  will  see,  by  examining  its  leaves,  is 
the  mountain-ash-leaved  spiraea,  and  if  you  chance  to 
pass  near  it  in  midsummer  you  will  see  it  all  puffed 
over  with  the  white  fluff  of  its  bloom.  Around  on 
the  south-eastern  side  of  this  clump  of  shrubbery,  near 
the  Bridle  Path,  and  about  opposite  a  lamp-post,  there 
is  a  fine  gathering  of  ninebark,  which  you  know  at 
once  by  its  bark-tattered  stems  and  by  its  roundish, 
heart-shaped  three  lobed  leaves.  If  you  go  up  the 
Bridle  Path  a  little,  you  pass  at  your  right  some 
excellent  specimens  of  the  common  privet,  and  you  can 
see  how  different  is  its  leaf  from  that  of  the  Californian 
privet.  Note  the  bluish-green  tinge  of  the  common 
privet.  About  opposite  the  two  clumps  of  common 
privet  you  have  at  the  left,  banked  in  the  clump  of 


208 


shrubbery,  .excellent  specimens  of  the  smooth  sumac. 
This  sumac  has  leaves  quite  similar  to  those  of  the 
staghorn  sumac,  but  if  you  look  at  its  branches  you 
will  see  that  they  are  very  smooth  and  have  none  of 
that  woolly,  fuzzy  pubescence  which  is  the  character- 
istic mark  of  the  staghorn.  Indeed,  it  is  this  similarity 
of  aspect  of  its  branches  (when  stripped  of  leaves) 
to  the  young  horns  of  a  stag  that  has  given  it  its 
name. 

Follow  this  frst  clump  right  around  its  margin, 
and  you  pass,  beyond  the  smooth  sumac,  smooth 
sumac  again,  then  ninebark  again,  then  common  privet 
then  back  to  Indian  currant. 

Now  let  us  continue  along  the  path  by  Long 
Meadow.  We  pass  another  circular  clump  of  shrub- 
bery on  our  right.  This  is  smooth  sumac  and  so  is 
the  next  clump.  Then  we  come  to  two  clumps,  mostly 
ninebark,  and  another  cluster  of  bushes  in  the  neck 
of  the  bank  where  the  Walk  and  Bridle  Path  come 
close  together.  This  is  the  beautiful  Rhus  copallina 
or  dwarf  mountain  sumac,  which  is  so  handsome  in 
early  autumn.  You  can  tell  it  at  once  by  the  wings 
on  its  leaf  steam,  between  each  pair  of  leaflets. 

If  when  you  were  on  the  Bridle  Path  a  moment 
ago  you  had  not  turned  in  by  the  smooth  sumac  but 
had  kept  on,  you  would  have  passed,  on  the  right, 
Californian  privet,  Austrian  pine,  two  handsome  white 
pines  side  by  side,  then  common  privet,  and  Austrian 
pine  right  back  of  the  lamp-post,  where  the  Bridle 
Path  comes  into  East  Drive.  Over  to  the  right  of 


209 

this  Austrian  pine  are  two  paper  birches  standing 
close  together. 

Continuing  now  along  the  meadow  walk,  beyond 
the  copallina  you  meet  red  maple,  cherry,  birch,  black 
haw,  American  hornbeam,  California!!  privet,  black 
haw  again,  then  a  little  open  stretch,  and  then  choke 
cherry,  with  English  hawthorn  a  little  back  and 
beyond,  and  Forsythia  very  near  a  spur  of  the  Walk, 
which  bends  to  the  right  to  climb  a  few  steps  to  the 
Drive  crossing.  Close  to  the  Drive,  back  of  the  last 
mentioned  trees  and  shrubs  are  several  English  elms 
all  doing  well  and  all  easily  recognized  by  their  stal- 
wart trunks  and  oak-like  thrust  of  branches.  Follow- 
ing the  spur  of  path  here,  not  across  the  Drive,  but 
in  its  semi-circular  wandering  down  a  series  of  steps 
back  to  the  Walk  again,  we  pass  a  hackberry  right  in 
the  fork  of  its  left  hand  junction  and  opposite  the 
hackberry,  on  the  right  hand  bank,  Japan  quince  and 
European  silver  linden. 

Now  we  continue  along  the  meadow  path  again 
and  the  right  hand  bank  has  some  beautiful  lindens 
both  European  and  American,  over  which  you  can 
well  spend  many  hours  of  botanizing.  As  you  come 
near  Endale  Arch  (the  Arch  beneath  which  one 
branch  of  this  Walk  passes  the  Drive  and  leads 
out  to  the  right  hand  exit  of  the  Park  at  the 
Plaza)  look  for  the  pretty  hawthorn  with  leaves  which 
resemble  so  much  those  of  the  evergreen  hawthorn 
(pyracantha)  that  they  have  won  for  it  the  name 
pyracanthafolia.  It  stands  up  the  bank  a  little  beyond 
the  Judas  trees  and  between  a  European  alder  and 


2IO 


Endale  Arch.  You  will  know  it  by  its  small  narrow 
oblanceolate,  dark,  leathery,  shining  leaves.  It  is 
a  variety  of  the  cockspur  thorn,  and  has  a  kinsman 
down  in  the  Pool  of  Vale  Cashmere. 

At  Endale  Arch  we  turn  sharply  to  our  left  to  take 
the  crosswalk  over  to  the  Arch  opposite,  named  long 
ago  by  the  Park  authorities,  Meadow  Port  Arch. 
It  is  often  familiarly  called  F  Arch,  because  of  its 
resemblance  to  that  letter.  As  we  turn  westward 
then  and  follow  this  arm  of  the  path,  you  will  find  an 
extremely  interesting  ginkgo  tree  near  Endale  Arch  on 
the  right  of  the  Walk.  It  is  an  especially  interesting 
gingko  because  it  usually  fruits  abundantly.  This  is 
the  tree  of  which  we  spoke  in  Chapter  IX.,  and  if  you 
wish  to  see  the  fruit  of  the  ginkgo  come  to  it  early 
in  the  fall.  If  you  have  a  sensitive  nose  you  had 
better  look  at  the  fruit  from  the  Walk. 

Follow  the  path  until  you  come  about  opposite 
the  lamp-post  up  on  the  Drive  at  your  right.  Not 
quite  in  line  with  it,  but  near  enough  for  you  to  locate 
it  stands  a  handsome  sugar  maple  a  little  to  the  right 
of  the  Walk.  It  is  an  excellent  type  of  its  variety, 
and  its  low  hung  branches  make  it  a  good  tree  on 
which  to  see  its  flowers  at  close  range.  This  tree 
flowers  very  abundantly  and  in  April  or  May  you 
may  find  them  hanging  in  long  umbel-like  clusters, 
just  about  the  time  the  tree  is  'clothing  itself  with 
leaves.  The  wings  of  its  fruit  do  not  quite  form  a 
right  angle.  This,  by  the  way,  is  one  of  the  best 
means  of  identifying  a  maple,  by  noting  the  angle  of 


211 


the  wings  of  its  keys.  In  botanical  terms,  a  key  is  a 
winged  fruit. 

Just  before  you  came  to  this  sugar  maple  you 
passed  on  your  left,  about  midway  between  the 
ginkgo  tree  and  the  sugar  maple,  a  good  specimen 
of  the  sour  gum  or  pepperidge  or  tupelo,  as  it  is  often 
called.  I  never  get  tired  of  singing  the  praises  of 
these  sour  gum  trees.  They  are  like  crusts  of  bread 
to  the  lenses  of  the  eye,  when  winter  has  whipped  off 
their  leaves  and  shows  them  forth  in  all  their  gnarled 
and  twisted  beauty.  What  a  fire  slumbers  in  their 
glossy  leaves !  The  sour  gum  flowers  in  April  or 
May,  in  dense  clusters,  and  its  fruit,  eggshaped,  is 
bluish  black,  clustered  two  or  three  together  on  long 
stems  from  the  axils  of  the  leaves.  This  tree's  leaf 
has  its  margin  entire,  but  often  beyond  the  middle 
strongly  angulated.  The  leaf  is  thick  and  shining 
on  the  upper  side,  with  a  rich  gloss.  You  can  pick 
the  tree  out  at  once  by  its  trick  of  growing  its  leaves 
in  crowded  clusters  near  the  ends  of  the  branches. 
In  autumn  no  tree  in  the  Park  puts  on  such  rich, 
lustrous,  brilliant  tones  of  crimson,  maroon,  and  sub- 
dued mahogany. 

Beyond  the  sugar  maple,  as  you  go  westward  along 
this  Walk,  you  pass  on  the  right,  about  opposite  the 
Thatched  Shelter,  an  American  basswood.  Have  you 
noticed  the  distinct  yellowish  cast  in  the  green  of  the 
American  basswood?  It  is  especially  distinct  in  late 
July  or  August,  and  is  a  sure  mark  of  the  tree. 

Further  along  on  your  left,  you  pass  a  clump  of 
many  interesting  things,  gathered  close  together  in 


212 


this  comer  of  Long  Meadow.  By  the  way,  what  a 
lovely  meadow  this  is !  Either  in  summer  sunshine, 
when  it  rolls  away  in  velvet  swells,  or  on  gray  days 
when  wreathing  wraiths  of  mist  half  enfold  it  with 
slow  dragging  vails  of  cloud,  or  in  winter  when  it 
lies  hushed  in  driven  snow  on  which  the  shadows  of 
elms  and  lindens  draw  silhouettes  of  delicate  violet. 

But  to  come  back  again.  On  the  left,  we  have  here 
some  fine  specimens  of  the  catalpa,  magnolia  and  a 
tree  which  I  do  not  think  you  have  met  before  if  you 
have  followed  these  rambles.  There  are  kinsmen  of 
ir  in  the  Park,  but  they  are  in  parts  away  from 
the  walks.  The  tree  is  quite  common  on  the  streets 
of  the  city,  and  I  suppose  has  been  often  mistaken 
for  a  catalpa.  But,  though  indeed  it  looks  much  like 
one,  it  is  quite  different.  The  catalpa  belongs  to  the 
Bignoniaceae  or  Bignonia  family,  and  this  tree,  the 
Paulownia  imperialis  belongs  to  the  Scrophulariaceae 
or  figwort  family.  They  resemble  each  other  in  form 
(slightly)  and  leaf  (quite  closely),  but  in  fruit  they 
are  extremely  different.  The  Paulowma  is  a  very 
interesting  tree  in  winter  because  of  its  conspicuous 
fruit  and  bud  clusters  of  next  spring's  flowers.  These 
stand  up  very  noticeably  on  the  upper  branches  of 
the  tree,  clear  and  distinct  against  the  sky,  a  sure 
sign  of  the  tree's  identity.  Take  a  bunch  of  grapes, 
pluck  off  the  grapes,  turn  what  you  have  left  point 
up  and  you  will  have,  if  you  hold  it  off  from  you  a 
little,  a  very  fair  imitation  of  what  these  bud  clusters 
look  like.  On  these  the  tree's  flowers  bloom  in  early 
spring,  before  the  leaves  come  out,  if  the  winter  has 


213 

not  been  severe.  A  hard  winter  kills  the  buds  and 
then  they  fail  to  bloom.  The  flowers  are  of  a  beau- 
tiful violet  color,  heavily  fragrant  and  resemble  the 
flowers  of  the  catalpa,  long,  funnel  form,  with  flaring 
flanges  of  lobes.  This  tree  gets  its  name  from  Paul- 
ownia,  daughter  of  the  Czar,  Paul  I.,  and  it  was 
brought  into  Russia  from  Japan.  It  has  been  widely 
introduced  in  this  country  and  having  escaped  from 
cultivation  has  become  really  native.  The  tree,  as 
has  been  said  above,  is  very  catalpa-like,  both  in  its 
habit  of  sending  out  rambling,  sprawling  branches 
and  in  its  foliage.  Its  leaves  are,  however,  more 
pointed  and  angular  than  those  of  the  catalpa.  Its 
bark  is  also  very  different,  darker  and  more  like  that 
of  the  ailanthus.  It  is  a  tree  which  is  often,  in  winter, 
mistaken  for  both  the  ailanthus  and  the  catalpa,  but 
its  flower-bud  sign  will  set  you  straight.  Often  in 
winter  you  will  see  clinging  to  this  flower  stalk  the 
fruit  husks  of  the  tree,  ovate,  pointed  capsules,  about 
one  and  a  half  inches  long,  densely  packed  with  many 
flat-winged  seeds,  and  if  you  find  one  of  the  fallen 
pods  on  the  ground  break  it  open  and  see  the  delicate 
little  brown  seeds  winged  with  white  fluff.  Botani- 
cally  the  tree  is  Paulo wnia  imperialis  and,  as  has  been 
said,  belongs  to  the  figwort  family.  You  will  find  a 
fine  Paulownia  in  the  center  of  the  group  of  catalpas 
here. 

A  few  steps  further  on  brings  us  to  Meadow  Port 
Arch.  We  will  not  pass  through  it  now,  but  will 
go  back  to  the  fork  of  the  Walk  down  on  Long 
Meadow,  where  we  branched  off  to  the  rieht  to  follow 


214 

the  easterly  path  along  the  Meadow.  Now  we  will 
follow  the  path  skirting  the  westerly  side  of  the 
Meadow  and  to  do  it,  we  take  at  the  fork  here  the 
left  hand  branch. 

You  no  doubt  are  already  familiar  with  many  of 
the  trees  we  pass  and  we  will  hurry  on  a  little,  beneath 
the  overhanging  branches  of  chestnut,  hickory,  sweet 
gum  and  soft  maples,  to  the  next  fork  of  the  Walk. 
A  very  handsome  young  pin  oak  stands  in  the  very 
point  of  the  south-eastern  angle  made  by  the  junction 
of  the  paths.  Hunt  for  its  beautiful,  small  acorn,  the 
tiniest,  daintiest  nut.  It  is  scarcely  half  an  inch  long 
and  its  cup  is  extremely  shallow  saucer-shaped  and 
is  almost  sessile. 

Continue  along  the  cross-walk  here  to  the  Drive, 
and  follow  the  Drive  southward  until  you  come  to 
an  arm  of  it  leading  off  at  your  right.  This  arm  has 
its  point  of  junction  about  opposite  a  lamp-post,  on 
the  left.  In  the  clump  of  things  clustered  in  the 
south-west  angle  of  this  fork  of  the  Drive,  you  will 
find  one  very  peculiar  and  very  interesting  tree.  It 
is  the  heart-leaved  alder  and  has  grown  to  the  dignity 
of  a  good  sized  tree.  You  will  have  no  trouble  in 
finding  it,  for  the  telltale  alder  "cones"  hang  thickly  all 
through  it,  black,  and  very  easily  seen.  But  look 
at  its  leaves.  See  how  heart-shaped  they  are.  Note 
their  dark  shining  green.  This  tree  comes  from 
Southern  Europe  and  after  it  gets  a  hold  on 
the  soil,  grows  well.  It  bears  its  flowers,  greenish- 
brown  in  March  or  April  before  the  leaves  come  out. 
It  stands  here  in  a  triangle  made  up  of  itself,  a  chest- 


215 

nut,  and  a  silver  maple,  and  of  this  triangle  it  fills 
the  western  corner. 

Let  us  now  come  back  to  the  pin  oak  at  the  fork 
of  the  Walk,  where  we  broke  off  to  cross  the  Drive. 
We  will  now  follow  its  north-westerly  branch,  which 
skirts  the  westerly  side  of  Long  Meadow. 

Between  the  fork  by  the  pin  oak  and  the  next 
branching  of  the  path  there  is  a  good  bush  of  the 
sweet  viburnum  not  very  far  along  on  your  left.  You 
will  know  it  by  its  very  finely  serrated  leaves.  It  is  also 
quite  close  to  a  chestnut  which  will  serve  you  as  an 
index  to  its  position. 

As  you  follow  the  Walk  along,  beyond  the  Shelter 
it  bends  in  toward  West  Drive.  Just  as  it  begins  to 
turn  away  from  West  Drive,  if  you  leave  the  path 
and  step  across  the  grass  to  the  Drive,  you  will  find 
close  by  it,  a  tree  that  will  interest  you.  It  is  the 
Turkey  oak,  and  it  is  a  good  one.  Have  you  ever 
seen  the  acorns  of  the  Turkey  oak?  If  not  you  have 
something  to  see.  For  ragged  ends  of  fringe  the 
bur  oak  acorn  does  pretty  well,  but  it  is  not  a  circum- 
stance to  what  the  acorn  of  the  Turkey  oak  can  do. 
Hunt  around  for  one.  They  are  worth  seeing.  They 
are  ovate  and  have  a  very  bristly  fringed  hemispherical 
cup.  The  leaves  of  this  tree  are  rich,  glossy  green, 
oblong,  very  deeply  and  unequally  notched  into 
pinnate  sinuses,  and  are  on  very  short  stalks.  Their 
lobes  are  rather  angularly  cut.  To  find  this  tree  more 
readily  it  is  not  far  from  a  chestnut  which  also  stands 
close  by  the  Drive.  Almost  directly  across  the  Drive 
from  these  two  trees  stands  a  lamp-post,  and  to  its 


2l6 


right,  if  you  get  your  back  to  it  and  face  west,  down 
on  the  slope,  is  a  bur  oak.  North-west  of  the  bur  oak 
stands  English  oak,  very  close  to  the  Walk.  Still 
keeping  your  stand  by  the  lamp-post,  to  your  left, 
up  the  rise  a  little  is  white  oak,  and  west  of  it,  red 
oak.  Lamp-posts  are  not  to  be  despised.  They  can 
be  used  to  light  the  steps  in  more  ways  than  one 
and  I  hope  you  have  found  them  sprinkled  very 
generously  over  the  diagrams  of  this  book.  Their 
presence,  I  thought,  would  serve  to  correct  judg- 
ments of  distance  or  to  reassure  judgments  of  correct 
distancing.  Sometimes  it  happens  that  a  bush  is  cut 
out  or  a  tree  cut  down.  Landmarks  of  this  kind  often 
disappear,  but  lamp-posts  are  not  cut  down  so  fre- 
quently. 

Let  us  now  come  back  to  the  Walk  again.  We 
pass  over  quite  a  little  stretch  of  meadow  until  we 
come  near  two  catalpas  that  have  been  cut  down  to 
mere  stumps  of  trunks.  These  are  on  the  right  of 
the  Walk,  and  not  very  far  from  Meadow  Port  Arch. 
If  you  cut  across  from  them,  to  the  left,  over  the 
grass  and  across  the  Drive,  you  will  find  another 
lamp-post.  The  first  tree  to  the  south  of  this  lamp- 
post, on  the  Drive,  is  a  purple  leaved  English  elm, 
the  next  is  an  Austrian  pine,  the  next  is  a  curled- 
leaved  English  elm  and  is  located  directly  opposite 
another  lamp-post  on  the  other  side  of  the  Drive,  so 
you  can  scarcely  help  finding  these  trees.  Back  of 
lamp-post  number  one,  in  this  enlightened  gathering 
of  things  botanical  and  mineral,  you  will  find  another 
Turkey  oak,  close  by  the  Walk  and  in  fine  condition. 


If  you  go  back  now  to  the  Walk  on  the  Meadow 
again  and  go  through  Meadow  Port  Arch  you  will 
come  out  upon  a  little  island  of  shrubbery  set  down 
very  cozily  just  in  front  of  the  Arch.  This  island 
has  somewhat  the  form  of  a  spherical  triangle  with 
the  longer  side  (the  westerly)  indented  by  a  curving 
bay.  We  begin  with  the  branch  that  slips  off  at  our 
left  as  we  come  from  the  Arch,  and  follow  around 
this  island  of  shrubbery.  In  the  easterly  angle  of 
the  island,  just  as  you  come  from  the  Arch,  is  ever- 
green thorn  (Cratcegus  pyracantha)  with  dark  shin- 
ing foliage.  This  shrub  bears  light  pink  flowers  and 
orange-scarlet  berries  in  the  winter.  A  Swiss  stone 
pine  fills  the  south-westerly  angle  of  the  island  and 
just  this  side  of  it,  that  is  east  of  it,  is  a  good  bush 
of  the  sessile-leaved  Weigela.  Diagonally  across  from 
the  Swiss  stone  pine,  on  the  opposite  border  of  the 
path,  parallel  with  the  boundary  line  of  the  Park,  is 
an  excellent  clump  of  the  dwarf  long-racemed  buck^ 
eye.  This  shrub  is  very  handsome  in  July,  when  it 
throws  up  tall,  tapering  racemes  of  white  bloom, 
which  stand  up  over  its  horizontally  spreading  leaves  in 
a  very  conspicuous  manner.  The  leaves  are  themselves 
very  handsome,  of  thin,  fine  texture,  palmately  com- 
pound. They  make  a  fine  showing  for  the  shrub,  even 
when  it  is  not  in  bloom.  You  will  find  this  bush  direct- 
ly i .  front  of  you  as  you  come  from  the  left  branch  path 
beside  the  island  of  shrubbery.  Following  the  cir- 
cumference of  this  island,  northward,  you  meet  in  its 
northerly  angle  a  well  grown  ginkgo  tree  with  straight 


shaft  and  branches  thrown  out  at  angles  of  about 
forty-five  degrees ;  with  beautiful  fan-like  leaves  that 
make  you  think  of  the  maiden-hair  fern. 

From  the  ginkgo  tree,  following  the  border  of  the 
"island"  back  now  toward  the  Arch,  stands  English 
yew  and  then  Scotch  elm.  The  elm  is  higher  up  on 
the  bank. 

This  completes  our  reconnaissance  of  the  island 
and  we  leave  it  by  the  path  which,  branching  from 
the  right  as  you  go  from  Meadow  Port  Arch,  climbs 
up  a  little  rise  beyond  the  ginkgo  and  finally  comes 
out  at  the  Plaza.  At  Thatched  Shelter  it  forks  again 
to  wreathe,  in  its  leisurely  rambling,  another  "island" 
and  flows  together  again  a  little  further  beyond.  We 
go  down  the  left  branch  past  a  well  grown  hop-horn- 
beam on  the  left  (just  at  the  break  of  the  fork)  and 
then  on  the  right,  as  we  go  on,  Weigela,  English  fitld 
maple,  yellow-wood,  Koelreuteria  and  yellow-wood 
again.  On  the  left,  just  as  you  come  out  at  the  con- 
fluence of  the  two  branches  of  the  path,  are  hop-, 
hornbeam  again  and  flowering  dogwood. 

As  the  path  flows  together  again  and  we  follow 
it,  we  pass  on  the  right,  one  after  another,  stand- 
ing almost  side  by  side  four  black  haws.  Directly 
across  to  the  right  of  the  third  one,  on  the  border  of 
the  Drive,  you  will  find  American  elm  and  near  the 
Exit,  beyond  the  elm,  by  the  Drive,  is  Austrian  pine 
with  another  beside  it,  to  the  left.  In  between  the 
Austrian  pines  and  a  little  back  of  the  American  elm 
is  sycamore  maple.  This  you  know  readily  by  its 


219 

buttonwood-like  leaves.  Another  Koclreuteria  has 
taken  up  position  to  the  side  of  the  sycamore  maple. 
The  American  elm,  the  sycamore  maple,  and  the 
Koclreuteria  are  almost  in  a  line  with  each  other, 
the  line  cutting  the  Walk  at  an  angle  of  about  forty- 
five  degrees. 

As  you  follow  the  Walk  out  from  the  Park,  in 
the  corner  at  your  right,  are  clustered  many  beau- 
tiful things.  Indeed,  too  many  to  mark  them  on 
any  diagram,  but  perhaps  you  may  pick  some  of 
them  out  by  a  brief  text  description  and  by  noting 
their  locality  which  can  only  be  indicated.  The 
small  evergreen  in  the  corner,  nearest  the  Exit,  with 
the  pretty  curved  fan-shaped  sprays  of  close,  blunt 
leaves  is  Retinospora  obtnsa,  var.  nana;  the  shrub 
just  this  side  of  it,  by  the  path,  is  Lawson's  erect 
cypress  and  you  can  tell  it  by  its  leafsprays  which 
seem  to  grow  in  vertical  planes  like  series  of  parti- 
tions. There  is  another  evergreen  of  the  same  kind 
just  beyond  it,  over  toward  the  stone  wall  that  flanks 
the  Park  on  the  north. 

With  the  identification  of  these  evergreens,  this  lit- 
tle book  of  Park  rambles  draws  to  a  close.  It  is 
intended  as  a  beginner's  book,  and  if  it  has  awak- 
ened in  the  hands  of  its  users  a  desire  to  know  more 
about  the  beautiful  things  of  our  Park,  gathered 
there  with  so  much  labor,  with  so  much  judgment, 
and  at  such  expense,  it  will  have  more  than  suc- 
ceeded in  its  purpose.  Go  out  to  our  exquisite  Park. 
Study  its  flowers,  its  shrubs,  its  trees,  with  a  pur- 


220 


pose,  and  your  reward  will  be  great.  Every  ram- 
ble will  have  something  new  to  tell  you.  Though  you 
walk  it  for  years,  every  leafy  way  shall  unfold  to  you 
some  fresh  secret,  and  the  old  story  of  the  seasons 
will  be  always  a  new  one  for  you. 


THE    END, 


221 


INDEX  OF  COMMON  NAMES. 


[Numerals  in  full  lace  type  refer  to  the  explanation  tables  and  the  numerals 
not  in  full  face  type  to  the  tree  or  shrub  number  on  each  table.] 

X.Abele   tree    or    white    poplar,        -Chestnut,    2,    15;    4,    n ; 

10,  71. 

Adam's  needle,  3,  48. 
African    Cedar.     See   Mount 

•  Atlas  Cedar. 
Ailanthus,  9,  56;  12,  15. 


10,  108;  u,  ii ;  12,  5. 
-  Elm;  3,  10;  4,  49;  6,  9; 
7,  17,  26;  8,  33;  9,  74: 
10,     101 ;     ii,    27;     12, 

ii. 
Akebia,    Five-leaved,    I,    71 ;       —  Hazel,  i,  54. 

10,  35;   12,  61. 
Alcock's  spruce,  6,  57. 
<  Alder,     Black,     or     common 

winterberry,    ii,   33. 
—  European,   i,   113;   4,  64; 


6,     75     7,     58;     8,     29; 


—  Holly,     i,     121 ;     10,    54; 

n,  28. 

—  Hornbeam,  2,  5;  4,  20;  5, 

6 1 ;  6,  24,  25,  34,  39,  46 ; 
7,   40;    10,   64;    n,    19; 

12,  4. 


9,  13;  10,  93;  12,  29.  —  Larch,  10,  105. 

—  European,     Imperial     cut-      —  Strawberry  Bush,  ii,  17. 


leaved,  2,  46. 

—  Heart-leaved,  12,  57. 

—  Hoary,   7,  61. 

—  Smooth,  9,  99. 

—  Speckled,   7,  61. 

—  Tree.      See   Alder,   Euro- 

pean. 
Allspice,   Carolina,    ii,    16. 


—  White  ash,   i,  92;  3,  73; 

4,    35;     5,    20;     6,    45; 
7,  25;  8,  3;   10,  62. 

—  White  elm,  3,   10;   4,  49; 

6,  9;   7,    17,  26;    8,   33; 
9,  74;  10,  101. 

—  White    or    gray    birch,    4, 

55;  6,  21 ;  7,  59;  n,  26. 


—  Carolina,  Glaucous-leaved,      —  Willow,  New;  9,  41. 

II,  22.  Amorpha  fructicosa,  5,  46. 

Alternate-leaved  dogwood,  9,      Andromeda  Axillaris,   I,  77; 


101. 


10,    56. 


Althaea   or   Rose   of   Sharon,      —  Catesby's,  6,  61. 


ii,  31- 

Amelanchier.     See  Shadbush. 


Angelica  tree,   I,  78;  85;   9, 
18. 


American  Arbor  Vitse,  Pyra-      Aralia,   Spiny,   I,  78,  85;   9, 


midal  variety,  5,  24. 


18. 


—  Basswood,  i,  22;  3,  34;  4,      Arbor  Vitae,  American,  Pyra- 
62;   6,   5,   48;   7,  20,  39;  midal  variety,  5,  24. 


9,  78;  12,  47. 


—  Chinese,  3,  23. 


—  Beech,  i,  115;  2,  54;  n,      —Japan,     Blunt-leaved,     ii, 


54- 

—  Bladder  nut,  10,  34. 

—  Button  wood,  i,  97. 


56. 

—  Japan,     Golden    pea-fruit- 
ing; 3,  18. 


222 


—  Japan,       Golden       plume- 

leaved;  i,  4. 

—  Japan,  Obtuse-leaved;  12, 

73- 

—  Japan,  Plume-leaved ;  I,  5 ; 

3,  39;  6.  62;  10,  33. 

—  Japan,    Variety  squarrosa, 

i,  6;  3,  70. 

—  Oriental,  Thread-like;  n, 

69. 

Arrowwood,  i,  55;  5,  40;  8, 
44;  9,  48;  10,  79. 

—  Maple-leaved      or      dock- 

mackie,  2,  44. 

Ash,  American  white,  i,  92; 
3,  73;  4,  35;  5,  20; 
6,  45;  7,  25;  8,  3; 
10,  62. 

—  Aucuba-leaved,   8,   19;   9, 

58. 

—  European,  3,  36;  9,  10. 

—  European,       Crisp-leaved; 

3,  74- 

—  European      flowering,      i, 

23;  3,  7,  67;  5,  8;  6,  16; 

8,  18;  9,  25;  10,  112. 

—  European  flowering.   Wil- 

low-leaved;  o,  3. 

—  European,      Single-leaved, 

i,  no;  5,  i;  8,  5,  26. 

—  European,      Weeping,     i, 

104. 

—  European,  Willow-leaved; 

i,  108. 

—  Northern  prickly,  8,  31. 

—  Willow-leaved,     European 

flowering,  9,  3. 

Ashberry  or  Japan  mahonia, 
10,  17. 

Ash-leaved  maple  or  box  el- 
der, i,  93;  2,  4;  4,  6; 
5,  55;  6,  27;  8,  9; 

9,  26;  n,  42. 
Aucuba,  Japan,  3, '41. 
Aucuba-leaved  ash,  8,  19;  9, 

58. 


Austrian  pine,  i,  2;  2,  52;  3, 
6;    4,   9;    5,    42;    6,    14; 

9,  43;  10,  30;  12,  25. 
Azalea,  Garden,  3,  72. 

—  Ghent,  3,  38. 

—  Lovely,  i,  73;  3,  42. 
Babylonian    Willow,     i,    64; 

10,  109. 

—  Willow,  Golden-barked,  9, 

50. 

Bald   Cypress   7,   52;    8,    15; 
10,  31. 

—  Cypress,    Weeping,   2,  32; 

6,  44;  9,  55. 
Barberry,  Common,  4,  43;  7, 

34;   8,  39- 

—  Japan.        See      Barberry, 

Thunb  erg's, 

—  Purple,   r,  68;   4,  42;   7, 

41. 

—  Thunberg's,  4,  13. 
Basswood,   American,    i,  22; 

3,  34;    4,   62;    6,   5,  48; 
7,20,39;  9,  78;  12,47. 

Bay  or  laurel-leaved   willow, 

7,  28;  9,  69;  10,  80;  94. 
Bay,  Sweet ;  or  Swamp  mag- 
nolia; i,  106;  10,  60. 

Bayberry,  9,  47. 
Beam  tree,  White;  n,  75. 
Bean  trefoil  tree.     See  Lab- 
urnum. 
Beech,  American,  i,   115;  2, 

54;  ii,  54- 

—  Blue.        See      Hornbeam, 

American. 

—  Copper,  i,  19;  3,  52;  10, 

44. 

—  European,    i,   102;  2,  66; 

4,  58;  5,  2. 

—  European    purple,    9,    42 ; 

10,  67. 

—  European  weeping,  i,  16; 

8,  7 :  9,  49- 

—  Fern-leaved,     i,     70;     10, 

103;  12,  69. 


-  Purple    European,    9,    42; 

10,  67. 

—  Water.      See    Hornbeam, 

American, 

—  Weeping  European,  I,  16; 

8,  7;  9.  49- 
Bhotan    pine,    I,    37;    2,   25, 

43;  4,  7;  10,  5. 
Big     shellbark     or     kingnut 

hickory,  10,  114. 
Bilsted.    See  Sweet  gum. 
Birch,     American     white     or 

gray,    4,    55;    6,    21;    7, 

59;  n,  26. 

—  Canoe.    See  Birch,  paper. 

—  Cherry,   2,   53;   4,  22;   5, 

62;  6,  37,  42;  7,  47;  n, 
87;    12,  27. 

—  European  white,  9,  I,  76. 

—  European       white,       Cut- 

le'aved  or  weeping,  9,  23. 

—  Gray,   or   American   white 

birch,    4,    55;    6,    21;    7, 
59;  II,  26. 

-  Paper  or  canoe,  I,  12;  4, 

26;  5,  18;  7,  435  12,  26. 

—  Red,  i,  103. 

-  River,  I,  103. 

—  White,  American  or  gray, 

4,    55;     6,    21 ;    7,    59; 
n,  26. 

—  White     European,     9,     i 

76. 

-  Yellow,  6,  2;  12,  20. 
Bird     cherry,    European;    6, 

32;  8,  25. 

Black  Alder  or  common  win- 
terberry,  n,  33. 

—  Birch.    See  Cherry  birch. 

—  Cherry,   4,  59;   5,   51;   6, 

42;  9,  64;  10,  50;  n,  80. 

—  Gum.    See  Sour  gum. 

—  Haw,  2,  38;  5,  26;  6,  43; 

8,    10 ;    9,    85;    10,    73; 
n,  i ;  12,  28. 


-  Hawthorn,  5,559,  12,  2t. 

-  Mulberry,  2,  48. 

—  Oak,  2,  56;  4,  44;  9,  52; 

n,  10 ;  11,25. 

—  Thorn.     See   Black   haw- 

thorn. 

—  Walnut,    i,  91;   3,  8;   4, 

60. 
Bladder   nut,    American,    10, 

-  Senna,  9,  103. 

Blue  willow,  3,  57;  10,  81. 

Blunt-leaved  Japan  arbor 
vitse,  n,  56. 

Bocconia.  Sec  Tree  celan- 
dine. 

Box  or  boxwood,  10,  4,  25, 
96. 

Box  elder  or  ash-leaved  ma- 
ple, i,  93;  2,  4;  4,  6; 
5,  55;  6,  27;  8,  9; 
9,  26;  n,  42. 

Bridal-wreath  spiraea,  i,  44; 
.  5,  35;  7t  13- 

Bristly  locust,  5,  44. 

Broad-leaved  European  lin- 
den, 4,  46;  5,  32,  63,  64; 

7,  3- 
Buckeye,  Sweet,  10,  58. 

—  Yellow  flowered,  2,  37. 
Buckthorn,  Common,  9,  73. 
Bumald's  spiraea,  i,  8. 
Bunge's  catalpa,  i,  62;  3,  78; 

9,  81 ;  10,  in. 
Bur  oak,    i,    117;   8,   47;   9, 

96;   12,  82. 
Bush    Cranberry,    I,   21 ;    10, 

76;  II,  59. 

—  Deutzia,  6,  38;  8,  30;  9, 

87 ;  10,  2. 

—  Deutzia,  Variety  Pride  of 

Rochester,  7,  60;   8,  51, 

n,  64. 

Buttonbush,  I,  79;  2,  36. 
Button  wood,   i,  97. 


224 


Californian  privet,  I,  94;  2, 
i;  4,  40;  8,  16;  9,  44; 
n,  18;  12,  2,  24. 

Camperdown  elm,  2,  41 ;  3,  i ; 

4,  30;    9»    40;     10,    3; 
n,  71. 

Canoe  birch,  I,  12;  4,  26;  5, 

18;  7,  43;  12,  26. 
Carolina  Allspice,  n,  16. 

—  Allspice,    Glaucous-leaved, 

11,  22. 

Catalpa,  Dwarf  Japan 

(Bunge's  catalpa)   I,  62; 
3,  78;  9,  81 ;   ID,  in. 

—  Southern   or   Indian   bean 

tree,  i,  63;  6,  n ;  8,  41 ; 

12,  50. 

Catesby's  andromeda,  6,  61. 
Caucasian  walnut,  n,  61.  • 
Cedar,  African,  11,  53. 

—  Deodar,  or  Indian,  3,  71. 

—  Lebanon,  9,  102. 

—  Japan,  6,  54. 

—  Mount  Atlas,  II,  53. 

—  Red,  5,  23. 
Celandine,  Tree,  10,  48. 
Cephalonian  silver  fir,  i,  33; 

3,  17;  10,  47- 
Cherry   Birch,   2,   53;   4,  22; 

5,  62;  6,  37,  42;  7,  47; 
ii  87;  12,  27. 

—  Bird.  European;  6,  32;  8, 

25- 

—  Black,    4  ,  59;    5,    51;    6, 

42;   9,   64;    10,   50;    n, 
80. 

—  Choke,  4,  24;  5,  52;  12, 

30. 

—  Cornelian,  i,  15,  98;  2,  2; 

3,  9;  8,  52. 

—  Wild  red,  2,  26. 
Chestnut,    American,    2,    15; 

4,  n;   10,   108;   n,   n; 
12,  5 

—  Oak,  12,  56. 

—  Spanish,  i,  100;  12,  19. 


China,  Maple  of  Northern,  9, 

63- 
Chinese  Arbor  Vitse,  3,  23. 

—  Cork  tree,  6,  60. 

—  Lilac,  Weeping,  3,  60. 

—  Podocarpus,  3,  31. 

—  Quince.  5,  48. 

—  Wistaria,  7,  7;  10,  37. 
Choke,  cherry,  4,  24;  5,  52; 

12,  30. 

Cockspur  Thorn,  Oval-leaved 
variety,  9,  86. 

—  Thorn,    Variety    Neapoli- 

tana,  n,  36. 

—  Thorn,    Variety    pyracan- 

thafolia,  i,  72;  12,  43. 
Coffee-tree,  Kentucky,  i,  36; 

3,  26;  5,  50;  9,  45. 
Colchicum-leaved    maple,    3, 

14;  n,  50. 
Colorado  blue  spruce,  2,  19; 

4,  8. 

Common  Barberry,  4,  43;  7, 

34:   8,  39- 

—  Buckthorn,  9,  73. 

—  Elder,    i,    56;  ,7,   51;    10, 

15,  46,  92. 

—  Horsechestnut,  i,  61. 

—  Locust,    i,   32;   4,  28;   9, 

66;  10,  66. 

—  Privet,  n,  20;  12,  18. 

—  Snowball  or  guelder  rose, 

1,  40;  8,  49. 

—  Sweet  pepper  bush,  2,  n  ; 

ip,  22;  n,  4;  12,  80. 

—  Winterberry   or   black    al- 

der, n,  33.     . 
Copper  beech,   i,   19;  3,  52; 

10,  44. 

Coral  berry,  12,  13. 
Cork  tree,  Chinese,  6,  60. 
Cork  bark   elm,   English;    i, 

82;  2,  51;  3,  49)  4»  48; 

9,  2. 
Cornelian   cherry,    i,   15.  98; 

2,  2;  3,  9;  8,  52. 


225 


Corsican  pine,  I,  89. 
Cranberry,   Bush,   i,  21 ;    10, 

76;   n,  59- 
Crisp-leaved  European  ash,  3, 

Cryptomeria    Japonica.      See 

Japan  cedar. 
Cucumber  tree,  5,  37;  7,  36; 

9,  5;    10,    63;    n,    39; 

12,    52. 

Cunninghamia,  3,  27. 
Curled-leaved     English     elm, 
12,  76. 

-  Willow,  Q,  79. 
Currant,  Indian,  12,  13. 

—  Missouri,  n,  8. 
Cut-leaved     European     alder, 

Imperial ;  2,  46. 

—  European    elder,    10,    53; 

12,  37. 

—  Silver    maple,    Weir's,    9, 

107;  10,  83. 

—  Weeping   European    white 

birch,  9,  23. 
Cypress,  Bald,  7,  52;  8,   15; 

10,  31. 

—  Bald,     Weeping;     2,     32; 

6,  44;  9,  55. 

—  Ground,  Japan.    See  Japan 

arbor  vita:. 

-  Lawson's  erect,    12,  72. 
Day  lily,  3,  n. 

Deodar  or  Indian  cedar,  3,  71 

Deutzia,    Bush    or    Fortune's, 

6,     38;     8,     30;     9,     87; 

10,   2. 

-7-  Bush  or  Fortune's,  Variety 
Pride  of  Rochester;  7, 
60;  8,  51;  n,  64. 

-  Slender,  i,  67;  3,  30;  10, 

39;  n,  40. 
Devil's   walking   stick,    i,   78, 

85;  9,  18. 
Dockmackie,  2,  44. 
Dogwood,      Alternate-leaved, 

9,   101, 


—  Flowering,    I,    69;    3,    4; 

4,  25;  5,  30.  59;  7,  44; 
10,  75;  ii,  12;  12,  70, 
79- 

—  Panicled,  n,  3. 

—  Red  flowering,  4,  29. 
Dotted   fruited   hawthorn,   2, 

3 ;  2,  28. 
Double    red-flowering    peach, 

3,  63. 

Dutchman's  pipe,  n,  72. 
Dwarf    Catalpa     (Japan),    i, 

62;    3,    78;    9,    81 ;    10, 

in. 

—  Horsechestnut,    Large    ra- 

cemed,  i,  66;  10,  no; 
12,  58. 

—  Mountain    sumac,    i,    46; 

9,  60,  94;  12,  23. 

—  White    spiraea,    Fortune's, 

1,  81. 

Eagle's  claw  maple,  i,  9. 
Elaeagnus.  See  Oleaster. 
Elder,  Common,  i,  56;  7,  51; 

10,  15,  46,  92. 

—  European    cut-leaved,    10, 

S3!    12,   37. 

Elm,    American   or   white,   3, 
10 ;  4,  49;  6,  9;  7,  17,  26; 

8,  33;    9>    74;    10,    101; 
n,  27;  12,  ii., 

—  Camperdown,    2,     41 ;     3, 

i;  4,  30;  9,  40;  10,  3; 
n,  71. 

—  English,  2,  16;  4,   10;  5, 

49;  7,  29,  31;  8,  i;  10, 
36,  99;  12,  3,  32. 

—  English  cork  bark,   i,  82; 

2,  51;     3,    49;     4.     48; 

9,  2. 

—  English,    Curled-leaved. 

12,  76. 

—  English,    Plume-leaved,  6, 

64- 

—  English,   Purple-leaved,   i, 

86;  12,  75. 


226 


—  English,  Smooth  branched, 

12,  9. 

—  Purple-leaved   English,    i, 

86;  12,  75. 

—  Scotch,    i,   ii ;   2,  49;   3, 

50;   7,  46;   8,  8;  9.  75; 

11,  60;   12,   10. 

—  White,  3,  10 ;  4,  49;  6,  9; 

7,   17,  26;   8,  33;   9,  74, 
10,  101 ;  n,  27;  12,  ii. 
English  Cork  bark  elm,  i,  82; 
2,    51;     3,    49;     4.    48; 
9,  2. 

—  Elm,  2,  16;  4,  10;  5,  49; 

7,  29,  31;  8,  i;  10,  36, 
99;  12,  3,  32. 

—  Elm,     Curled-leaved,     12, 

76. 

—  Elm,  Plume-leaved,  6,  64. 

—  Elm,  Purple-leaved,  i,  86; 

12,  75. 

—  Elm,     Smooth    branched; 

12,  9. 

-  Field  maple,  I,  25;  2, 
59;  4»  54;  5»  66;  10,  23; 
12,  66. 

—  Hawthorn,   i,  20;   2,   14; 

4,  34;  5,  53;  8,  43; 
9,  ii,  28,  90;  10,  90; 
12,  31. 

—  Maple.     See  English  -field 

maple. 

—  Oak,  i,  65;  9,  100 ;  12,  21. 

—  Oak,  Weeping,  i,  i. 

—  Walnut,  i,  122;  2,  34. 

—  Yew,  3.   16;   10,  19;  ii, 

62;  12,  63. 

—  Yew,  Golden;  ii,  70. 

—  Yew,   Variegated;   2,   42; 

6,  63;  n,  67. 

—  Yew,  Weeping;  3,  68. 
European   Alder,    I,    113;    4, 

64;  6,  7;  7,  58;  8,  29; 
9,  13;  10,  93;  12,  29. 

—  Alder,  Imperial  cut  leaved, 

2,  46- 


—  Ash,  3,  .36;  9.  10. 

—  Ash,  Crisp-leaved,  3,  74. 

—  Ash,  Single-leaved,  i,  no; 

5,  i;  8,  5,  26. 

—  Ash,  Weeping,  i,  104. 

—  Ash,     Willow-leaved;     i, 

108. 

—  Beech,  i,  102,  2,  66;  4,  58; 

5,  2. 

—  Beech,  Purple,  9,  42. 

—  Beech,  Weeping;  8,  7. 

—  Birch,  White.     See  Birch, 

European  white. 

—  Bird  cherry,  6,  32;  8,  25. 

—  Elder,  Cut-leaved;  10,  53; 

12,  37- 

—  Powering   ash,    i,    23;    3, 

7,  67;  5,  8;  6,  16;  8,  18; 
9,  25;  10,  112. 

—  Flowering     ash,     Willow- 

leaved,  9,  3. 

—  Hazel,  i,  52;  2,  10 ;  6,  33; 

8,  21 ;  10,  98;  n,  43. 

—  Holly,  I,  48;  3,  40. 

—  Hornbeam,    i,  39;   2,  47; 

6,  4;    10,   95;    100;    n, 
77;  12,  i. 

—  Larch,  6,   13,  29;   10,  43, 

107. 

—  Larch,    Weeping,    6,    23 ; 

8,  14;  9.  8. 

—  Linden,   i,  26;   2,    12;   3, 

29;   4,  35   5,  3i;   6,  47; 

7,  i;    9,    91;     n,    48; 
12,  37. 

—  Linden,    Broad-leaved,    4, 

46;  5,  32,  63,  64;  7»  3- 

—  Linden,   Silver;   i,  27;   2, 

6;  3,  44;  5»  33,  36;  6, 
49;  7,  2;  8,  6;  9,  9; 
ii,  49;  12,  39. 

—  Linden,    Small-leaved,    9, 

92;  12,  48. 

—  Linden,  Various-leaved,  3, 

55- 


227 


—  Linden,     Weeping     silver, 

3,     12;    5,    345    6,    35; 

9,  27;  10,  106;  12,  36. 

—  Mountain-ash,    I,    120;   9, 

61. 

—  Purple  beech,   9,  42;   10, 

67. 

—  Silver  fir,  10,   104. 

—  Silver  linden.     See  Euro- 

pean linden,  Silver. 

-  Spindle-tree,  8,  45;  9,  67; 

10,  70. 

-  Weeping  beech,  I,  16;  8, 

7 :  9.  49- 

—  White   birch.     See   Birch, 

European  white. 

—  Yew.    See  English  yew. 
Evergreen  hawthorn,  12,  62. 
Exochorda    (Pearl  bush),  4, 

17- 
False   indigo,    5,   46;    8,   42; 

9,  16,  37- 
Fern-leaved     beech,     i,     70; 

10,  103;  12,  69. 

Field  maple.  English.  See 
EnglisJi  field  maple. 

Fir,  Cephalonian  silver,  I, 
33;  3,  17;  10,  47. 

—  European   silver,    10,    104. 

—  Japan  silver,  9,  98. 

—  Noble  silver,  6,  56. 

—  Nordmann's  silver,  i,  13; 

2,     21 ;     4,     2;     7,     62; 

11,  52 

Five-leaved     akebia,     I,     71 ; 

10,  35;  12,  61. 
Flowering  ash,   European,  I, 

23;  3,  7-  67;  5,  8;  6,  16; 

8,    18;   9,  25;    10,   112. 

—  Ash,  Willow-leaved,  Euro- 

pean;  9,  3. 

—  Dogwood,  Red;  4,  29. 

-  Dogwood,  I,  69;  3,  4;  4, 

25;  5,  30,  59;  7,  44: 
10,  75;  ii,  12;  12,  70, 
79- 


Fly  honeysuckle,   5,  43;   10, 

16. 
Forsythia,    i,   42;    2,   50;    3, 

2;    4,    41;    6,   22;    7,   6; 

8,  23;    9,    29;    10,    28; 
12,  33- 

—  Intermediate-leaved,       10, 

82. 

—  Weeping,  3,  75;  n,  83. 
Fortune's  Deutzia.    See  Busli 

Deutzia. 

—  Dwarf    white    spiraea,     i, 

81. 

Fragrant  honeysuckle,  i,  47; 
4,    39;     5,     10 ;     8,    37; 

9,  22;  n,  21. 
French   Mulberry,   i,  45. 

—  Tamarisk,  2,  39;  9,  68. 
Fringe    tree,    5,    14;    9,    17; 

10,  49;  ii,  15. 
Fringe-tree-leaved   lilac.    See 

Josika  lilac. 
Garden  Azalea,  3,  72. 

—  Hydrangea,  3,  77. 
Ghent  azalea,  3,  38. 
Ginkgo  tree,  9,  32;  12,  44. 
Ginseng,   ii,  65. 
Golden-barked  Babylonian  or 

weeping  willow,  9,  50. 
Golden  Bell  or  Forsythia,  i, 
42;  2,   50;    3,   2;   4,   41 ; 

6,  22;     7,     6;     8,     23; 

9,  29;  10,  28;  12,  33. 

—  Bell,     Intermediate-leaved, 

10,  82. 

—  Bell,  Weeping,  3,  75;  ", 

83- 

—  Chain.     See  Laburnum. 

—  English  yew,  ii,  70. 

—  Willow.    See  Yellow  Wil- 

\OVJ. 

Gray     birch,     or     American 
white  birch,  4,  55 ;  6,  21 ; 

7,  59;  ii,  26. 
Grecian  silk  vine,   10,   51, 


228 


Gregory's  Norway  spruce,  3, 

62;  10,  8. 
Ground  cypress,  Japan.     Sec 

Japan  arbor  vita:. 
Guelder  rose.     See  Snoivball. 
Gum,  Sour.    See  Sour  gum. 
Gum,     Sweet.       See     Sweet 

gum. 
Hackberry,  6,  3;  8,  35;   10, 

42,  12,  35. 
Hackmatack.        See      Larch, 

American. 

Halesia.     See  Silver  bell. 
Hall's  Japan  honeysuckle,   7, 

18;  u,  41. 

-  Japan  magnolia,  I,  105. 
Haw,  Black,  2,  38;  5,  26;  6, 

43;  8,  10 ;  9,  85;  10,  73; 

n,  i ;  12,  28. 
Hawthorn,  Black,  5,  5 ;  9,  12, 

21. 

—  Cockspur,  Oval-leaved  va- 

riety, 9,  86. 

—  Cockspur,     Variety     Nca- 

politana,  n,  36. 

—  Cockspur,    Variety     pyra- 

canthafoUa,    i,    72;    12, 

43- 

—  Dotted    fruited,    2,    3;    2, 

28. 

—  English,  I,  20;  2,  14;  4, 

345  5,  53;  8,  431  9,   ii, 

28,    90;    IO,    90;    12,    31. 

—  Evergreen,  12,  62. 

—  Pear,  5,  5;  9,  12,  21. 

—  Scarlet  fruited,    i,  95;   9, 

83;  ii,  32. 

—  Scarlet       fruited,       Large 

thorned  variety,  2,  68. 

—  Tender-leaved,  Hybrid  va- 

riety, 9,  105. 

—  Washington,  2,  63;  5,  47; 

8,  34- 
Hazel,  American,  i,  54- 


—  European,    i,    52;    2,    10; 

6,  33;    8,    21 ;    10,    98; 
ii.  43- 

-  Witch,  4,  38. 
Heart-leaved   alder,    12,   57. 
Hemlock,    i,    41;    2,    57;    3, 
24;  4,  53;  5,  IS!  6,  55; 

7,  42;  10,  7;  n,  24. 
Hercules's    club,    i,    78,    85; 

9,  18. 

Hickory,     Big     shellbark     or 
kingnut,  10,  114. 

—  Kingnut,  10,  114. 

—  Mockernut,  2,   18;  2,  65; 

3,  66;  4,  33;  n,  6. 

—  Pignut,  4,  45. 

—  Shagbark  or  shellbark,  3, 

81 ;  4,  61. 

—  Shellbark,  Big,  10,  114. 

—  Small    mockernut,    3,   33 ; 

10,  57 

—  White-heart,  2,  18,  65;  3, 

66;  4,  33- 

Himalayan  spruce,  ii,  23. 
Hoary  or   speckled  alder,   7, 

61. 
Holly,  American,  I,  121;  10, 

54;  n,  28. 

-  European,  i,  48;  3,  40. 
Honey  locust,  9,  6;   10,  69; 

11,  85. 
Honeysuckle,  Fly,  5,  43;  10, 

16. 

—  Fragrant,  i,  47;  4»  395  5, 

10 ;    8,    37;    9.    22;    n, 

21. 

—  Hall's   Japan,    7,    18;    II, 

41. 

—  Standish's,  9,  88. 

—  Tartarian,  i,  84. 

—  Tartarian,     Variety     alba, 

9.  93- 

Hop   Hornbeam,    i,    35;    i°» 
88;  n,  86;  12,  64. 


229 


—  Tree    or    shrubby    trefoil, 

4,    56;    5,    21 ;     6,    41; 
7,  15;  8,  22. 

Hornbeam  American,  2,  5; 
4,  20;  5,  61 ;  6,  24,  25, 
34,  39,  46;  7,  40;  10,  64, 
n,  19;  12,  4. 

—  European,    i,    39;    2,    47; 

6,   4;    10,   95,    loo ;    n, 
77;  12,  i. 

—  Hop,   i,  35;   10,  88;   n, 

86;  12,  64. 
Hornbeam-leaved    maple,    3, 

13- 

Horsechestnut,  Common,  i, 
61. 

—  Dwarf  or   large   racemed, 

i,  66;  10,  no;  12,  58. 

-  Red-flowering,      10,      59; 

ii,  57- 

Huckleberry,    7,   53;    10,   77. 
Hydrangea,  Garden,  3,  77. 

-  Panicled,  3,  80. 

—  Shady,  I,  49,  2,  27,  9,  4. 

—  Snowy,  7,  14,  57. 
Imperial  cut-leaved  European 

alder,  2,  46. 

—  Paulownia,  12,  49. 
Indian  bean  tree.    See  Catal- 

pa. 
Indian  Cedar,  3,  71. 

—  Currant,  12,  13. 

Indigo,   False,  5,  46;   8,  42; 

9,  1 6,  37. 
Intermediate-leaved    For- 

sythia,  10,  82. 
Irish  Juniper,  3,  19. 

—  Yew,  3,  20. 

Ironwood.  See  Hop  horn- 
beam. 

Japan  Arbor  Vitae,  Blunt- 
leaved,  n,  56. 

—  Arbor   Vitae,    Golden   pea- 

fruiting,  3,     18. 

—  Arbor  Vitae,  Golden 

plume-leaved,  i,  4. 


—  Arbor  Vitae,  Obtuse- 

leaved,  12,  73. 

—  Arbor  Vitae,    Plume- 

leaved,  i,  5;  3,  39;  6,  62; 
10,  33- 

—  Arbor        Vitae,        Variety 

squarrosa,  i,  6;  3,  70. 

—  Aucuba,  3,  41. 

—  Barberry.    See  Thunberg's 

barberry. 

—  Catalpa,     Dwarf,     i,     62; 

3,  78;  9,  81;  10,  in. 

—  Cedar,  6,  54. 

—  Ground     cypress,     Golden 

pea-fruiting,  3,  18. 

—  Ground     cypress,     Golden 

plume-leaved,  I,  4. 

—  Ground    cypress,     Plume- 

leaved,  i,  5;  3,  39;  6, 
62;  10,  33. 

—  Ground    cypress,    Variety 

squarrosa,  i,  6;  3,  70. 

—  Honeysuckle,     Hall's,     7, 

18;  n,    41. 
-  Judas  tree,  3,  79;  12,  77. 

—  Lemon,   n,  66. 

—  Magnolia,  Hall's;  i,  105. 

—  Mahonia  or  ashberry,  10, 

17- 

—  Maple,  3,  5 ;  9»  3& 

—  Pagoda    tree,    i,    38;    2, 

40;  3,  69;  7,  23;  o,  39. 

—  Pagoda  tree,  Weeping,  i, 

75;  3,  5i;  ii,  30. 

—  Parasol   tree   or   umbrella 

pine,  3,  53. 

—  Plum,  4,  15. 

—  Quince',  i,   18,  34;  2,  45; 

3,  37;  6,  18;  7,  11; 
8,  38;  9,  89;  10,  ii ; 
n,  84;  12,  34. 

—  Silver  fir,  9,  98. 

—  Snowball,  3,  15;  4,  37;  9, 

57- 

—  Stachyurus,  9,  33. 

—  Wistaria,  10,  40. 


230 


—  Yew,  10,  27. 

Josika  lilac,  9,  59;  10,  I. 
Judas  Tree,  i,  17;  5,  22;  6, 
20;  7,  22;  8,  28;  12,  42. 

—  Tree,   Japan;   3,   79;    12, 

77- 
June  berry,  5,  9;  9,  24;  10, 

74- 
Juniper,  Irish,  3,  19. 

—  Polish,  i,  5;  3,  21 ;  10,  6; 

n,  63. 
Kentucky   coffee-tree,    I,    36, 

3,  26;  5,  50;  9,  45. 
Kilmarnock  willow,  3,  61. 
Kingnut  hickory,  10,  114. 
Kcelreuteria,  I,  7;  2,  7;  3,  64; 

4,  57;     5,    65;     6,     17; 

7,  24;  8,  24;  9,  15,  45; 
n,  73;  12,  67.     . 

Laburnum,  2,  30 ;  9,  14. 
Larch,  American,  10,  105. 

—  European,  6,   13,  29;   10, 

43,  107. 

—  European  weeping,  6,  23; 

8,  14;  9,  8. 

Large  Flowered  syringa,  4, 
12;  6,  30,  52;  7,  19,  50, 
55;  8,  32;  10,  9. 

—  Racemed      dwarf      horse- 

chestnut,  i,  66;  10,  no; 
12,  58. 

—  Thorned    variety    of    the 

scarlet  fruited  hawthorn, 

2,  68. 
Laurel,   Mountain,   3,   43;   6, 

50;  TO,  14,  55. 
Laurel-leaved  willow,  7,  28 ; 

9,  69;  10,  80,  94. 
Lawson's   erect    cypress,    12, 

72. 

Lebanon  cedar,  9,  102. 
Lemon,  Japan,  n,  66. 
Lilac,   4,   21 ;    5,   67;    7,  21; 

7,  32;  10,  85,  86. 

—  Chinese,  Weeping,  3,  60. 


—  Fringe-tree-leaved,   or  Jo- 

sika, 9,  59;  10,  i. 
Lily,  Day,  3,  u. 
Linden,   European,   T,  26;    2, 

12;   3,  29;   4,   3;   5,   31; 

6,    46;    7,    i;    9,    91; 

11,  48;  12,  37. 

—  European  broad-leaved,  4, 

46;  5,  32,  63,  64;  7,  3. 

—  European    silver,    i,    27; 
t2,  6;   3,   44;   5,  33,   36; 

6,  49;     7,     2;     8,     6; 
9,  9;  u,  49;  12,  39. 

—  European     silver,     Weep- 

ing, 3,  12;  5,  34;  6,  35; 
9,  27;  10,  106;  12,  36. 

—  European  small-leaved,  9, 

92;  12,  48. 

—  European,  Various-leaved, 

3,  55- 

Liquidambar.  See  Sweet  gum. 
Locust,  Bristly,  5,  44. 

—  Common,  i,  32;  4,  28;  9, 

66;  10,  66. 

—  Honey,  9,  6;   10,  69;  II, 

85. 
Lombardy  poplar,  9,  71;  n, 

29. 

Lovely  azalea,  i,  73;  3,  42. 
Madeira  nut,  i,  122;  2,  34. 
Magnolia,    Hall's    Japan,     i, 

105. 

—  Purple,  n,  37. 

—  Soulange's,   i,  80;   6,   10; 

7,  56;    9.    54;    II,    38; 

12,  53- 

—  Swamp,  i,  106;  10,  60. 
Mahonia,      Japan      or      ash- 
berry,    10,    17. 

Maple,  ash-leaved  or  box 
elder,  i,  93;  2,  4;  4,  6; 
5,  55;  6,  27;  8,  9; 
9,  26;  n,  42. 

—  Colchicum-leaved,    3,    14; 

II,  50, 


231 


—  Eagle's  claw,  i,  9. 

—  English  or  field,  i,  25 ;  2, 

59;  4,  545  5.  66;  10,  23; 
12,  66. 

—  Hornbeam-leaved,  3,  13. 

—  Japan,  3,  5 ;  9»  38. 

—  Mountain,  9,  95. 

—  Northern  China,  9,  63. 

—  Norway,  2,  20;  3,  32;  4, 

47;  5,  29;  6,  40;  9.  36; 
12,  71. 

—  Norway,  Purple-leaved  va- 

riety Geneva,  9,  62. 

—  Red,  2,  62;  4,  16;  5,  28; 

6,  31,  36;  7.  35;  8,   12; 

10,    21  ;     IT,    13;    12,    12. 

—  Round-leaved,  9,  34. 

—  Silver,    i,    10;    2,   64;    3, 

59;  4,  3i;  5.  27;  8,  40; 
9,  7;  10,  10 ;  n,  47; 
12,  40. 

—  Silver,    Weir's   cut-leaved, 

9,  107;  10,  83. 

—  Striped,     or     moosewood. 

2,  67;  5,  13;  10,  97. 

—  Sugar  or  rock,   i,  99;   2, 

60;   3,   35;    7.   27;   8,  2; 

10,  24;   12,  46. 

—  Sycamore,    2,    58;    3,   25; 

4,  5:  5,  39,  56;  8,  53; 
9,  35;  n,  44;  12,  41. 

—  Sycamore,     Purple-leaved, 

3.  54- 

—  Vine,  9,  34. 

-  White.    See  Maple,  Silver. 
Maple-leaved    arrowwood    or 

dockmackie.  2,  44. 
Missouri  currant,  n,  8. 
Mock  Orange    (Sweet  syrin- 

ga),    i,    74;    4,    19;    6, 

28;  7,  9,  54- 

—  Orange,  Scentless,  9,  84. 
Mockernut,    Hickory,    2,    18; 

2,    65;     3,    66;     4,    33; 

11,  6, 


—  Hickory,     Small,     3,    33; 

10,  57. 

Moosewood,  or  striped  ma- 
ple, 2,  67;  5,  13;  10,  97- 

Mossy-cup,  or  bur  oak,  i, 
117;  8,  47;  9,  96;  12, 
82. 

Mount  Atlas  or  African  Ce- 
dar, n,  53. 

Mountain  Laurel,  3,  43;  6, 
59;  10,  14,  55- 

—  Maple,  9,  95. 

—  Sumac,  Dwarf,   i,  46;  9, 

60,  94;  12,  23. 
Mountain-ash,    European,   i, 

120;  9,  61. 
Mountain-ash-leaved     spiraea, 

7,  38;  12,  14. 
Mugho   pine,    i,   31;   2,   29; 

7,  48:  10,  18. 
Mulberry  Black,  2,  48. 

—  French,   i,  45. 

—  Paper,  9,  97. 

—  Red,  10,  102. 

—  Russian  weeping,  3,  58. 

—  Weeping,   Teas's  or  Rus- 

sian, 3,  58. 

—  White,   i,   ^8;   2,   35;   9, 

82. 

Myrtle,  Wax,  9,  47. 
New     American    willow,     9, 

41. 
Ninebark,    3,    76;    5,    12;    6, 

53;  8,  20;  9,  20;  10,  65; 

12,  16. 

Noble  silver  fir,  6,  56. 
Nordmann's  silver  fir,  i,  13; 

2,     21 ;     4,     2;     7,     62; 

n,  52. 

Northern  prickly  ash,  8,  31. 
Norway  maple,  2,  20;  3,  32; 

4,    47;     5,    29;    6,    40; 

9,  36;  12,  71. 

—  Maple,   Purple-leaved,  va- 

riety Geneva,  9,  62, 


232 


—  Spruce,   3,   56;   4,  52;   5, 

19;    6,    12;    7,    45;    10, 
91;  n,  2. 

—  Spruce,   Gregory's,  3,  62; 

10,  8. 

—  Spruce,   Weeping,    I,   76. 
Oak,  Black,  2,  56;  4,  44;  9, 

52;  n,  10;  n,  25. 

—  Bur,  i,    117;  8,  47;  9,  96; 

12,  82. 

—  Chestnut,   12,  56. 

—  English,    i,    65;    9,    100; 

12,    21. 

—  English,  Weeping;   I,   I. 

—  Mossy-cup,  I,  117;  8,  47; 

o,  96;  12,  82. 

—  Pin,    or    Swamp    Spanish, 

2,    61;    9,    5i;    ii,    78; 
12,  55,  78. 

—  Pyramid,  9,  65. 

—  Red,   i,    116;   4,   23;    10, 

84;  n,  74;  12,  81. 

—  Scarlet,    i,    101 ;    4,    36; 

11,  5 

Oak,    Swamp    Spanish.     See 

Pin  oak. 
Oak  Turkey,  I,  109;  12,  74. 

—  Weeping  English,  i,  i. 

—  White,  2,   13;  4,  32;  II, 

9;  12,  6. 

—  Willow,   I,   in. 
Obtuse-leaved     Japan     arbor 

vitae,  12,  73. 

Oleaster,    i,    112;    6,   26;    7, 
16;  8,  13,  36;  n,  81. 

—  Umbel-flowered,  9,  106. 
Orange,    Mock.      See    Mock 

orange. 

—  Osage,     7,    30;     10,    87; 

ii,  14- 

Oriental  Arbor  Vitae,  Thread- 
like, n,  69. 

—  Plane  tree,   i;  57,   59;   6, 

i;  ii,  79- 

—  Spruce,  i,  14;  5,  25;  10, 

41. 


Osage    Orange,    7,    30;    10, 

87;  n,  14. 
Osier,   Red,   8,   ii;    10,   52; 

11,  58. 

—  Siberian  red,  8,  46. 
Oval-leaved  variety,  cockspur 

thorn,  9,  86. 

Pagoda  Tree,  Japan,  i,  38; 
2,  40;  3,  69;  7,  23; 
9,  39- 

—  Tree,   Weeping   Japan,    i, 

75;  3,  51;  n,  30. 
Panicled  Dogwood,  ii,  3. 

—  Hydrangea,  3,  80. 
Paper  Birch,  i,  12;  4,  26;  5, 

18;  7,  43;  12,  26. 

—  Mulberry,  9,  97. 
Paulownia,  Imperial,  12,  49. 
Pea  tree,  Siberian,  2,  31 ;  4, 

So;  9,  3i. 

Peach,  Red-flowering,  Dou- 
ble, 3,  63. 

Pear  hawthorn,  5,  5;  9,  12, 
21. 

Pearl  bush,  4,  17. 

Pepper  Bush,  Common  sweet ; 
2,  ii ;  10,  22;  II,  4; 

12,  80. 

Pepperidge,  or  sour  gum,  2, 

55;  ii,  55;  12,  45. 
Persimmon,  5,  60. 
Pignut  hickory,  4,  45. 
Pin  or  swamp   Spanish  oak, 

2,    61;    9,    51;    ii,    78; 

12,  55,  78. 
Pine,  Austrian,  i,  2;  2,  52;  3, 

6;   4,   9;   5,  42;   6,    14; 

9,  43;  10,  30;  12,  25. 

—  Bhotan,  I,  37;  2,  25,  43; 

4,  7;  10,  5- 

—  Corsican,   i,  89. 

—  Mugho,   I,  31;  2,  29;  7, 

48;  10,  18. 

—  Pitch,  7,  63. 

—  Scotch,   I,  60;   6,   15;   7, 

49' 


—  Swiss  stone,  1,  3;  3,  22; 

4.  27;  5,  3;  12,  60. 

—  Umbrella,   3,   53. 

—  White,  3,  28;  5,  58;   10, 

26;  n,  46;  12,  22. 
Pipe     vine     or     Dutchman's 

pipe,  II,  72. 
Pitch  pine,  7,  63. 
Plane  tree,  Oriental,  I,  57, 

59;  6,  i;  n,  79- 
Plum,  Japan,  4,  15. 
Plume-leaved  English  elm, 

6,  64. 

—  Japan      ground      cypress. 

See  Japan  ground  cy- 
press, Plume-leaved. 

Podocarpus,  Chinese,  3,  31. 

Polish  juniper,  i,  5;  3,  21; 
10,  6;  n,  63. 

Poplar,  Lombardy,  9,  71;  n, 
29. 

—  White,   10,  71. 
Prickly  ash,  Northern,  8,  31. 
Privet,     Calif  ornian,     i,     94, 

2,  i;    4,    40;     8,     16; 

9,  44;  ii,  18;  12,  2,  24. 

—  Common,  n,  20;   12,   18. 
Purple    Barberry,    i,    68;    4, 

42;  7,  41- 

—  Beech,    European ;    9,   42, 

10,  67. 

—  Magnolia,  II,  37. 

—  Willow,  10,  113,  115. 
Purple-leaved     English     elm, 

i,  86;  12,  75. 

—  Norway      maple,      variety 

Geneva,  9,  62. 

—  Sycamore  maple,  3,  54. 
Pyramid  oak,  9,  65. 
Pyramidal  variety,  American 

arbor  vitse,  5,  24. 
Quince,  Chinese,  5,  48. 

—  Japan,   i,   18,  34;   *,  45; 

3,  37;    6,     18;     7,     11; 
8,    38;    9,    89;    10,    ii ; 

11,  84:  12,  34. 


RamUlias  rose,  II,  7- 
Red  Birch,  i,  103. 

—  Cedar,  5,  23. 

—  Cherry,  Wild,  2,  26. 

—  Maple,   2,   62;   4,    16;   5, 

28;  6,  31,  36;  7,  35;  8, 
12;  10,  21 ;  n,  13;  12, 
12. 

—  Mulberry,    10,    102. 

—  Oak,   i,    116;   4,  23;   10, 

84;  ii,  74;  12,  81. 

—  Osier,  8,   n;   10,  52;   n, 

58. 

—  Osier,  Siberian,  8,  46. 
Redbud.     See  Judas  tree. 
Red-flowering    Dogwood,    4, 

29. 

—  Horsechestnut,      10,     59; 

ii,  57- 

—  Peach,  Double,  3,  63. 
Reeve's  spiraea,  Double  flow- 
ered, i,  30;  5,  4. 

Reeve's   spiraea,   Single  flow- 
ered, i,  29;  5,  6;  7,  10 ; 

9,  72;  10,  72. 

Retmospora.     See  Japan   ar- 
bor vita. 

Rhododendron      (Rosy     lilac 
colored  flowers),  ii,  68. 

Rhododendrons,  Various 
kinds,  3,  46;  10,  13. 

Ring-leaved   willow,  9,  79. 

River  birch,  i,  103. 

Rock  or  sugar  maple,  2,  60; 
3,     351     7,     27;     8,     2; 

10,  24;  12,  46. 

Rose   of   Sharon,   or   althaea, 

11,  31- 

Rose,  Ramanas,  ii,  7. 
Round-leaved  maple,  9,  34. 
Rowan   tree.     See  European 

mountain  ash. 

Royal  white  willow,  10,  78. 
Russian     weeping     mulberry, 

3,  58. 
Salmon-barked  willow,  9,  80. 


234 


Sassafras,  I,  43;  3,  82;  4, 
63;  5,  57;  ii,  76;  12,  7- 

Scarlet  Fruited  hawthorn,  I, 
95;  9,  83;  II,  32. 

—  Fruited    hawthorn,    Large 

thorned  variety,  2,  68. 

—  Oak,  i,  101;  4,  36;  n,  5- 
Scentless  mock  orange  or  sy- 

ringa,  9,  84. 

Scotch  Elm,  i,  ii ;  2,  49; 
3,  50;  7,  46;  8,  8; 

9,  75;  ii,  60;  12,  10. 

—  Pine,  i,  60;  6,  15;  7,  49- 
Senna,  Bladder,  9,  103. 
Service   berry,   5,   9;    9,   24; 

10,  74- 
Sessile-leaved     Weigela,      i, 

114;  12,  59. 
Shadbush,  5,  9;   9,  24;   10, 

74- 
Shady  hydrangea,   i,   49;   2, 

27;  9,  4- 

Shagbark  or  shellbark  hick- 
ory, 3,  81 ;  4,  61. 

Sheepberry,  9,  104;  12,  54. 

Shellbark  or  shagbark  hick- 
ory, 3,  81;  4,  61. 

Shrubby  Trefoil,  4,  56;  5,  21 ; 
6,  41 ;  7,  15 ;  8,  22. 

—  Wistaria,  3,  3. 
Siberian  Pea  tree,  2,  31;  4, 

So;  9,  3i. 

—  Red  Osier,  8,  46. 
Silk  vine,  Grecian,  10,  51. 
Silver  Bell  or  snowdrop  tree, 

I,    24;     5,    45;     7,     12; 


ii,  34- 

—  Fir,    Ce 


"ephalonian,    i,    33; 
3,  17;  10,47- 

—  Fir,  European,  10,  104. 

—  Fir,  Japan,  9,  98. 

—  Fir,  Noble,  6,  56. 

12,  19. 

—  Fir,    Nordmann's,    i,    13; 

2,     21 ;     4,     2;     7,     62; 
ii,  52. 


—  Linden,  European,  I,  27; 

2,  6;  3,  44;  5,  33,  36; 
6,  49;  7,  2;  8,  6; 
9,  9;  ii,  49;  12,  39. 

—  Linden,    Weeping     Euro- 

pean, 3,  12;  5,  34;  6,  35; 
9,  27;  10,  106;  12,  36. 

—  Maple,    i,    10 ;   2,   64;   3, 

59;  4,  3i;  5,  27;  8,  40; 
9,  7;  10,  10 ;  n,  47; 
12,  40. 

—  Maple,  Weir's  cut-leaved ; 

9,  107;  10,  83. 
Single-leaved    European    ash, 

i,  110;  5,  i;  8,  5,  26. 
Slender  Deutzia,  i,  67;  3,  30; 

10,  39;  ii,  40. 

Small  mockernut  hickory,  3, 
33;  10,  57- 

Small-leaved  European  lin- 
den, 9,  92;  12,  48. 

Smoke  tree,  i,  28;  9,  19. 

Smooth  Alder,  9,  99. 

—  Branched      English     elm, 

12,  9- 

—  Sumac,   12,   17. 

—  Winterberry,  i,  118. 
Snowball,    Common,   .1,    40; 

8,  49- 

—  Japan,    3,    15;    4,   37;    9, 

Snowdrop    tree.      See   Silver 

bell. 

Snowy  hydrangea,  7,  14,  57. 
Soulange's   magnolia,    i,   80; 

6,    10 ;    7,    56;    9,    54; 

n,  38;  12,  53. 
Sour  gum  or  pepperidge,  2, 

55;  n,  55 ;  12,  45- 
Southern    catalpa.      See    Ca- 

talpa,  Southern. 
Spanish     chestnut,     i,     100; 
Speckled   or  hoary   alder,    7, 

61. 
Spicebush,  i,  107;  2,  24;  3, 

65;  10,  38. 


235 


Spindle-tree,  European,  8, 
45;  9,  67;  10,  70. 

—  Thunberg's,  i,  119. 

—  Winged,  I,  119. 
Spiraea,  Bridal  wreath,  I,  44; 

5,  35;  7,  13- 

—  Bumald's,    i,  8. 

—  Fortune's  dwarf  white,  I, 

81. 

—  Mountain-ash-leaved,       7, 

38;   12,  14. 

—  Reeve's      double-flowered, 

it  30;  5.  4- 

—  Reeve's       single-flowered, 

it     29;     5,     6;     7,     10 ; 

9,  72;  10,  72. 

—  Van   Houtte's,    2,   33 ;    4, 

14;  5,  7;  10,  45;  n,  82. 
Spruce,  Alcock's,  6,  57. 

—  Colorado  blue,   2,   19 ;   4, 

8. 

—  Gregory's  Norway;  3,  62; 

10,  8. 

—  Himalayan,   n,  23. 

-  Norway,  3,  56;  4,  52;  5, 
19;  6,  12;  7,  45;  10, 
91;  n,  2. 

—  Norway,      Gregory's,      3, 

62;  10,  8. 

—  Norway,  Weeping,  i,  76. 

—  Oriental,    i,    14;    5,    25; 

10,  41. 

—  Weeping  Norway,  i,  76. 
Stachyurus,  Japan,  9,  33. 
Staghorn  sumac,  i,  33. 
Standish's  honeysuckle,  9,  88. 
Stone  pine,    Swiss,    i,   3;    3, 

22;  4,  27;  5,  3;  12,  60. 
Strawberry    Bush,   American, 
n,  17. 

—  Shrub,       Sweet      scented, 

n,   16. 

Striped  maple  or  moose- 
wood,  2,  67;  5,  13;  10, 
97- 


Sugar  or  rock  maple,  i,  99; 

2,    60;     3,    35;     7,    27; 

8,  2;   10,  24;    12,  46. 
Sugarberry,  6,  3;  8,  35;  IO, 

42;  12,  35. 
Sumac,   Dwarf  mountain,   I, 

46;  9,  60,  94;  12,  23. 

—  Smooth,  12,  17. 

—  Staghorn,  i,  53. 
Swamp     magnolia,     I,     106; 

10,  60. 

—  Spanish     oak.      Set    Pin 

oak. 

Sweet   Bay   or    swamp   mag- 
nolia, i,  106;  10,  60. 

— •  Birch.     See  Cherry  birch. 

—  Buckeye,   10,  58. 

—  Gum  or  bilsted,  i,  96;  2, 

17;  n,  45;  12,  8. 

—  Pepper  bush,  Common,  2, 

ii ;  10,  22;  n,  4;  12, 
80. 

—  Scented  strawberry  shrub, 

11,  16. 

—  Syringa,   I,  74;  4»   19;  6, 

28 ;  7,  9,  54- 

—  Viburnum,     9,     104;     12, 

54- 
Swiss  stone  pine,  i,  3;  3,  22; 

4.  27;  5,  3;  12,  60. 
Sycamore.     See  Buttomvood. 
Sycamore   Maple,    2,    58;    3, 

25;   4,   5;   5,  39,   56;   8, 

53;    9,   35;    ii,   44;    i*, 

41. 

—  Maple,    Purple-leaved,    3, 

54- 
Syringa,  (Philadelphus), 

Large-flowered,  4,  12 ; 
6,  30,  52;  7,  19,  50,  55; 
8,  32;  10,  9. 

—  Scentless,  9,  84. 

—  Sweet,    I,    74;    4,    19;    6, 

28;  7,  g,  54- 

—  White-stamened,    10,   12. 


236 


Tamarack.          See        Larch, 

American. 
Tamarisk,  French,  2,  39;   9, 

68. 
Tartarian     Honeysuckle,      I, 

84- 

—  Honeysuckle,  Variety  alba, 

9,  93- 

Teas's  Weeping  mulberry,  3, 

58. 

Thorn.     See  Hawthorn. 
Thread-like     Oriental     arbor 

vitse,   n,  69. 
Thunberg's  Barberry,  4,  13. 

—  Spindle  tree,  i,  119. 
Toothache  tree.     See  North- 
ern prickly  ash. 

Tree  Alder.  See  Alder,  Euro- 
pean. 

—  Box.    See  Box. 

—  Celandine,  10,  48. 
Tree-of-Heaven,    9,    56;    12, 

15- 
Trefoil,  Shrubby  or  hop  tree, 

4,    56;     5,    21 ;     7,     15; 

8,  22. 
Tulip  tree,   i,  88;  2,  23;  3, 

47;   4,   i;    5,   41;    6,   6; 

7,    5;    8,    17;    10,    68; 

ii,  5i- 

Tupelo.    See  Sour  gum. 
Turkey  oak,  i,  109;  12,  74. 
Umbel-flowered    oleaster,    9, 

106. 
Umbrella  Pine,  3,  53. 

—  Tree,  i,  83;  5,  38;  6,  8; 

7,  37;  9,  53;  10,  61. 
Van  Houtte's  spiraea,  2,  33; 

4,    14;    5,    7;    10,    45; 

11,  82. 
Variegated    English    yew,    2, 

42;  6,  63;  n,  67. 

—  Weigela,  2,  22;  4,  18;  6, 

19. 

Various-leaved  European  lin- 
den, 3,  55- 


Viburnum,  De'ntatuni,   i,  55 1 

5,  40;    8,    44;    9,    48; 
io,  79- 

—  Lentago,  9,  104;  12,  54. 

—  Rugosum,  io,  89. 

—  Sweet,  9,  104;  12,  54. 
Vine,  Grecian  silk,  io,  51. 

—  Maple,  9,  34. 

Walnut,  Black,  i,  91;  3,  8; 
4,  60. 

—  Caucasian,  n,  61. 

—  English,  i,  122;  2,  34. 
Washington  thorn,  2,  63;  5, 

47 ;  8,  34. 
Water  beech.    See  Hornbeam, 

American. 
Wax  myrtle,  9,  47. 
Wayfaring  tree,  io,  89. 
Weeping  Bald  cypress,  2,  32; 

6,  44;  9,  55. 

—  Beech,  European,  i,  16;  8, 

7;  9,  49- 

—  Chinese  lilac,  3,  60. 

—  Cut-leaved  European 

white  birch,  9,  23. 

—  English  oak,  i,  i. 

—  English  yew,  3,  68. 

—  European  ash,  i,  104. 

—  European  beech,  i,  16;  8, 

7 ;  9,  49- 

—  European  larch,  6,  23;  8, 

14 ;  9,  8. 

—  European  silver  linden,  3, 

12;  5,  34;  6,  35;  9,  27; 
io,  106;  12,  36. 

—  Golden  bell   or  Forsythia, 

3,  75;  n,  83. 

—  Japan  pagoda  tree,  i,  75 ; 

3,  Si;  ii,  30. 

—  Mulberry,  Teas's  or  Rus- 

sian, 3,  58. 

—  Norway  spruce,  i,  76. 

—  Willow,  i,  64;  io,  109. 
Weigela,    i,    90;    5,    n,    17, 

54;  6,  51;  7,  4,  8;  8,  27, 
\  50;  io,  29;  12,  65. 


237 


—  Sessile-leaved,  i,  114;  12, 

59- 

—  Variegated,  2,  22;  4,  18; 

6,  19. 

Weir's  cut-leaved  silver  ma- 
ple, 9,  107;  10,  83. 

White  Ash,  i,  92;  3,  73;  4, 
35;  5,  20;  6,  45;  7,  25; 
8,  3;  10,  62. 

—  Beam  tree,  n,  75. 

—  Birch,  American,  4,  55;  6, 

2i ;  7,  59;  ii»  26. 

—  Birch,  European,  9,  i,  76. 

—  Elm,  3,  10 ;  4,  49;  6,  9; 

7,  17,  26;   8,  33;   9,  74; 

10,  101;     n,    27;     12, 
ii. 

—  Mulberry,    i,    58;    2,    35; 

9,82. 

—  Oak,  2,  13;  4,  32;  n,  9; 

12,  6. 

—  Pine,    3,    28;    5,    58;    10, 

26;  n,  46;  12,  22. 

—  Poplar,  10,  71. 

—  Stamened  syringa,  10,  12. 
-  Willow,  Royal,  10,  78. 

White-heart    hickory,    2,    18, 

.  65;  3,  66;  4,  33. 
Wild  red  cherry,  2,  26. 
Willow,  Babylonian  or  weep- 
ing, i,  64 ;  10,  loo. 

—  Babylonian,  Golden- 

barked,  9,  50. 

—  Bay,  7,  28;  9,  69;  10,  80, 

94. 

—  Blue,  3,  57;  10,  81. 

—  Curled-leaved,  9,  79. 

11,  67. 

—  Golden  barked  Babylonian, 

9,  50. 

—  Golden   or  yellow,   6,  50; 

7.  33;  10,  32. 

—  Kilmarnock,  3,  61. 

—  Laurel-leaved.    7,    28;    9, 

69;  10,  80,  94. 


—  New  American,  9,  41. 

-  Oak,  i,  in. 

—  Purple,  10,  113,  115. 

—  Ring-leaved,  9,  79. 

—  Royal  white,  10,  78. 

—  Salmon  barked,  9,  80. 

—  Weeping,  i,  64;  10,  109. 

—  Weeping,   Golden  barked ; 

9.  50. 

—  White,  Royal,  10,  78. 

—  Yellow,  6,  50;  7,  33;  10, 

32. 

Willow-leaved   European  ash, 
i,  108. 

—  European  flowering  ash,  9, 

3- 

Winterberry,      Common,      or 
black  alder,  n,  33. 

-  Smooth,  i,  118. 
Wistaria,  Chinese,  7,  7;   10, 

37- 

—  Japan,  10,  40. 

—  Shrubby,  3,  3. 
Witch  hazel,  4,  38. 
Yellow  Birch,  6,  2;  12,  20. 

—  Flowered  buckeye,  2,  37. 

—  Willow,  6,  50;  7,  33;  10, 

32. 
Yellow-wood,  i,  50;  2,  9;  4, 

51;  5,  16;  9,  30;  n,  35; 

12,  68. 
Yew,  European  or  English,  3, 

16;   10,   19;   n,  62;    12, 

63- 

—  European       or       English, 

Golden,  n,  70. 

—  European  or  English,  Va- 

riegated,   2,    42 ;    6,    63 ; 

—  European       or       English, 

Weeping,  3,  68. 

—  Irish,  3,  20. 

—  Japan,  10,  27. 

-  Variegated  English,  2,  42; 

6,  63;  n,  67. 
Yucca,  3,  48. 


.Rotes. 


«  ,  Rotes. 


notes 


14  DAY  USE 

RETURN  TO  DESK  FROM  WHICH  BORROWED 

LOAN  DEPT. 

RENEWALS  ONLY— TEL.  NO.  642-3405 

This  book  is  due  on  the  last  date  stamped  below,  or 

on  the  date  to  which  renewed. 
Renewed  books  are  subject  to  immediate  recall. 


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